B1+ Students’ Book answer key

4 who can fix washing machines who speaks French

UNIT 1 5 we went to for your birthday
1A Profiles we stayed in when we were in Morocco
Grammar bank 1A
Vocabulary 1
Eating out 1 from 2 next (or close) 3 which/that 4 we
5 who/that 6 to 7 with 8 that/who/– 9 that/which
2a
10 at 11 which/that/–
1d 2c 3g 4b 5f 6e 7h 8a 2
1 (who/that) you introduced me to earlier
Listening 2 who/that reads the news on Channel 1
4 3 (that/which/–) you went to last summer (or where you
went last summer)
1 Four
4 (that/where/–) Julia is from
2 No. Jess and Carmen haven’t met. And Tom and Jess
5 who/that started Wikipedia
haven’t met Nina.
6 to eat round here, at the end of the road
3 a pizza place (round the corner) called Durazzo / a
French café (on Upper Street) / a Lebanese place (near
1B A place to live
here)
4 To the Lebanese place.
Vocabulary
5 Where I live
1 She’s just finishing a meeting. 2
2 Jess is looking for a place to live and Carmen might
1f 2c 3d 4b 5a 6h 7g 8I 9e
have a room to rent.
3 Nina can’t eat bread and things like that.
3a
4 It’s closed at the moment.
5 There’s plenty of choice and they have a lovely terrace. 1 freezing, could do with (a bit more space), tiny, landlord,
put up rents, good condition, storage (room), put in
central heating, the basement, keep clean and tidy,
Grammar
share the cost
Noun phrases I 2 could do with (more green spaces), rough, surrounded
6a by fields, put up rents, lively, (safe) neighbourhood,
knock down (buildings)
a who I was b to rent c to eat d round the corner
3 moved out, move away, knocked down, repair, put in
e who’s allergic f on Upper Street g I went past
central heating, move in with
h near the station

6b Vocabulary bank 1B
1 d, f, h 2 b, c 3 a, e, g Describing homes and areas
1b
8
homes: 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 areas: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10
1 nothing needed, but you could add that/which
2 who/that; on 2
3 nothing needed, but you could add that/which; in
a 2 b 9 c 3 d 5 e 6 f 4 g 8 h 1 i 10 j 7
4 in; where 5 to 6 where

9a Reading
Suggested answers: 4b
1 Turkish … at the bottom of my road 1 famous for Portobello Road market and the carnival (the
Vietnamese … near where I work biggest street party in Europe)
2 The park … to go running 2 cheap rents, overcrowding, houses in poor condition
The Shaftesbury … to have a quick drink
3 Jenny … who spent time in Mongolia 5
Chris … that lives in your street

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1 The houses were first built for professionals and upper- a restaurant
class people. 4 get talking to someone in a queue, at a party, on a bus
2 They were on the edge of the area, near rough areas or a train, in the street
with crime, pig farms, etc. and so they ended up being 5 you go out to a club/go out clubbing, you’re working late,
rented out cheaply. you miss the last bus/metro/train, you go out for dinner
3 Because they ended up in such terrible condition. 6 Ss’ own answers
4 New people started moving in – often professionals with
Vocabulary bank 1C
young kids (who wanted a bigger place than they’d been
living in in Chelsea). Phrasal verbs
5 They have increased from £10,000 to over £1 million in 1
the 1990s and over £10 million last year. 1 b 2 f 3 h 4 I 5 d 6 g 7 e 8 c 9 a 10 j

Grammar 2a
Modifying comparisons 1 rely on 2 tidy up 3 stayed up 4 get on 5 give, up
7
1 big 2 small 3 small 4 big 5 surprising
Reading
5
Grammar bank 1B
1 Alex – they went on a behind-the-scenes tour of the
1
theatre
1 slightly more central
2 Milan – we finished around eleven, when I’d usually go
2 n’t quite as healthy, much closer, a lot more time
home
3 far bigger 4 miles better, not nearly as sure
3 Alex – I don’t go out much these days, to be honest
2
4 Daria – She doesn’t seem to have spent anything!
1 much better than 2 slightly/a bit less full
5 Milan – went to Akropolis, which reminded him of the old
3 quite as cold 4 spend far more 5 wasn’t nearly as
days
6 Daria – we always celebrate 1st March
8
1 slightly cheaper 2 a lot further away
3 nearly as rough 4 much greener 5 even smaller
Grammar
6 much better 7 nearly enough storage Non-defining relative clauses
8 a lot more money 6
1 where 2 which 3 which is why/which meant
Speaking 4 when 5 whose 6 most of whom 7 who
10a
2 Grammar bank 1C
1
1C A late night 1 g and j 2 f and h 3 c and I 4 b and d 5 a and e

8a
Vocabulary
1 who (whom is arguably possible, but who is preferable
Going out, staying in
as we are focusing on spoken language here – see
2 grammar checkpoint)
1 stayed up, episodes 2 went out, went on 2 which 3 where 4 whose
3 queue, worth 4 got, bed 5 play, home 5 which meant (this is a fixed phrase – the meaning is
6 threw, celebrate 7 missed, fortune similar to as a result)
8 stayed in, tidied up 6 when 7 most of whom 8 which is why

3
Speaking
Possible answers:
9b
1 stay up really late working, watching TV, surfing the
internet, playing computer games They went out for dinner (to a really good Georgian
2 go out for a walk, a run, a coffee, lunch, some groceries restaurant)
3 queue to get in to a club, a concert, a sports stadium, They went to a club (called Closer, which they’d never

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have found on their own) 6 My friend Sergio, whose father runs the place, got us all
They had to queue to get in (it was packed, but worth the in for free.
wait)
There was a live band (who were brilliant) 1A Develop your writing
The music was great and he/she danced for hours 2
He/she didn’t get to bed till the morning Suggested possible answers:
He/she nearly missed his/her flight home 1 your boss – ask to have a day off, ask for a pay rise
2 a friend – ask for a lift, ask to borrow something
1D English in action 3 a hotel – book a room, ask for breakfast/evening meal
2 4 a language school – ask to attend a course, enquire
Photo b about host families
4 5 a restaurant – book a table, ask for a baby seat

1 I’d hate 2 whereas there you 3 the idea of

4 ’d rather be 5 I’d prefer 3
1 a restaurant, company staff
5 2 doesn’t know him/her, knows them quite well
3 First email:
1 I’d rather, I like the idea of
– get a place on the terrace for pre-meal drinks from
2 I’d prefer not to, It would be
7.30 onwards
3 It’s not my kind, It looks
– send menus for vegetarians and vegan
4 I don’t have any strong feelings, I’ve heard some
– get a table by the window
5 It looks like the kind of place, You could go
– play a song list (at the end of the meal)
– confirmation of the booking
1 Check and reflect Second email:
1 – let Ahmed know if you can’t make the dinner
1 terrace 2 service 3 vegetarian, suit – send songs to be played in the restaurant by the end
4 quality, advance 5 value, prices 6 place, menu of the week
4
2 1 would 2 think 3 wondering 4 mind 5 grateful
6 please 7 let 8 could
1 is 2 it 3 for 4 that 5 that 6 on

5
3a
Suggested possible answers:
1d 2c 3f 4a 5e 6b
1 Re: My booking on July 28, Re: July 28 booking
2 Re: Office dinner, Re: Good news: It’s party time!
4a
1 lot 2 quite 3 not 4 bit 5 more 6b
6 far/much/even 7 much/far/a bit, nearly 8 much/far
Email 1
would it be possible to … (formal)
5 do you think you could … (formal)
1 a taxi 2 tidy up 3 episodes 4 stayed up I was wondering if we could … (formal)
5 get home 6 worth would you mind … (formal)
I would be most grateful if you could … (formal)
6a Email 2
1 We spent two weeks in Formentera, where my family please … (informal)
has a summer house. could you … (informal)
2 I missed the last metro home, which meant I had to get The phrases from the first email are more formal (for
a taxi. reasons given in the Focus box)
3 Jim brought all his work friends, none of whom I’d met
before, to my party. 7
4 My sister, who lives in Geneva, is visiting me in the UK 1 Would you mind checking (that) there are no nuts in any
at the moment. of the dishes?
5 At 6 a.m, when I’m usually getting up, I finally got home 2 Could you please put some red roses on the table
and went to bed. before we arrive?

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 B1+ Students’ Book answer key

3 Do you think we could possibly have a room facing 6

away from the road? 1 university 2 building 3 story 4 picture
4 Would it be possible to cook a special dish if we send 5 plans 6 time
the recipe in advance?
5 Can you check everyone knows about the meeting 1C Develop your listening
tomorrow?
6 I would be grateful if you could provide a high chair for 4
our two-year-old son.
1 As many as one 2 as a sign of 3 live as long
7 Do you think you could write ‘Happy birthday’ on the
4 such as medicine 5 is as good as 6 as I say
cake before bringing it out?
8 I was wondering if we could have a room at the back of
6b
the restaurant?
The programme is about (3).

8
7
1c 2e 3d 4g 5h 6b 7a 8f 1 Recent research suggests nightlife and reduced sleep is
bad for us.
10 3 They get fatter, have higher rates of heart disease and
More formal More informal suffer from depression more.
4 You use 15 percent less energy sleeping during the day.
Phrase used for Dear Sir/Madam Hi everyone
5 Weight isn’t a problem for me.
greeting
6 We’re talking about the brain aging …
Phrase used to I am writing to … Just a very quick
explain why email to …
writing
Is small talk No Yes: Not long now
included? till the end of the
If so, what? year and a
well-deserved
break from work!
Nothing too
crazy, obviously!
Are contractions No Yes: I’ve, you’ve,
(I’m, you’re, etc.) the booking’s
used?
Phrase used to Best regards Best regards
end
the email

1B Develop your reading

2
1F 2F 3T
4 F (they thought they were impossible + Peter Rice
comment)
5T 6F 7T 8T

4
1 finished, opened 2 got 3 developed 4 spent
5 won 6 failed 7 shown 8 cost

5
1d 2f 3b 4e 5a 6c

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 B1+ Students’ Book answer key

UNIT 2 Grammar bank 2A

2A Getting better 1
1 do, play 2 are, laughing 3 do, go 4 are, reading
5 is, working 6 do, meet
Vocabulary 2
Learning new skills 1 – 2 she’s working 3 do you two know 4 –
5 I often go 6 do you play 7 – 8 I don’t believe him
2
1 keen/train 2 technique/way
9
3 downloaded/exchange 4 interested/skilled
5 expert/progress 6 challenge/improve 1 sounds 2 collect 3 belong 4 have
7 useless/go 8 try out/go over 5 are joining 6 is becoming 7 spend 8 ’m getting
9 ’m looking for 10 know 11 ’m learning 12 want

Vocabulary bank 2A
Speaking
make and do
11
1
1 Spanish – finding it difficult but making progress
make: a suggestion, a mess, a speech, good money 2 Fishing – improving their technique
do: the laundry, a lot of damage, an exam, the washing-up
2B First days
2a
1 do 2 make 3 made 4 make 5 making
6 do 7 making 8 do 9 make 10 do Reading
2a
Reading Mona had the best day. (everyone was friendly)
4
2b
1
1 Alenka 2 Mona 3 Gabriel 4 Mona
5
5 Gabriel 6 Alenka
2005 – The first year that MasterChef was shown on British
TV.
Vocabulary
more than 100 – more than 100 winners are now working
in the food industry Starting work
bread-making machines – cupboards all over the world are 4
filling up with them as people give up cooking! 1e 2c 3f 4a 5d 6b
over 50 – over 50 countries now make their own version of
MasterChef
every weekend – many people spend every weekend Vocabulary bank 2B
trying out new recipes or improving their baking techniques Compound nouns
over 200 – the number of countries where a version of the 1a
show is watched
1d 2c 3a 4b
1b
5f 6h 7g 8e
Grammar 1c
Present simple and present continuous 9 l 10 I 11 j 12 k
7 2
1 b, make (present simple) 1 company car 2 sales targets 3 pension scheme
2 e, is practising (present continuous) 4 health insurance 5 fashion industry 6 department store
3 d, are having (present continuous) 7 practice drill 8 work experience 9 job security
4 c, want (present simple) 10 job market 11 union member 12 pay rise
5 f, are working (present continuous)
6 a, spend (present simple)

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Listening 2C Changing world

6
1g 2c 3h 4b 5f 6d 7e 8a Reading
2
7 The points made are: 2, 4 and 6.
1 tends to 2 constantly 3 On the whole
4 regularly 5 have a habit of 6 from time to time Grammar
7 as a rule 8 don’t tend to
used to, would and past simple
4
Cross out: 1 – 2 would + infinitive
Grammar 3 used to + infinitive, would + infinitive
Present habits Grammar bank 2C
8a 1 Correct alternatives
1 constantly 2 tends to, On the whole, As a rule 1 both 2 didn’t like 3 both 4 both 5 both
3 don’t tend to (could also be expressed as tend not to) 6 lost, had 7 was, both 8 used to have, both
4 regularly, has a habit of 5 from time to time 2
1a incorrect: We never used to go abroad … b ✓
8b 2a ✓ b incorrect: I live in Fez/I used to live in Fez …
1 before 2 or 3 infinitive 4 annoying 3a incorrect: I’d spend … b ✓
Grammar bank 2B 4a incorrect: I’d play/I used to play/I played … b ✓
5a incorrect: I broke my arm … b incorrect: I broke my arm
1
…
1 As 2 not 3 always/constantly 4 from
6a ✓ b ✓
5 regularly (but often/frequently are also possible)
7a ✓ b incorrect: I had/I used to have …
6 habit 7 whole
2
6
1 – 2 tend to receive 3 – 4 habit of interrupting
Cross out: 1 would be 2 used to get 3 – 4 –
5 – 6 a few days off from time to time
5 – 6 would ring 7 used to call 8 would know
7 They’re constantly updating 8 are made
9 – 10 wouldn’t have

9a
Vocabulary
You can’t hear them (because they precede another
consonant). Parents and children
8
10 1 watch over 2 manners 3 let 4 authority
5 trouble 6 control 7 feel free 8 force 9 experience
1 As a rule, people wear casual clothes in the office
10 arrangements 11 entertain 12 complicated
(though People wear casual clothes in the office, as a
rule = also possible. Just less common)
2 People tend not to/don’t tend to take all of their days of Speaking
holiday. 10a
3 (On the whole) students tend to call the teachers by 1 parents, sports
their first names. 2 No. The man had more freedom when he was younger
4 People have a habit of leaving their dirty cups on the and the woman had to do ‘girls’ sports.
table!
5 People forget their ID cards from time to time / From 2D English in action
time to time, people forget their ID cards … which can 2
cause a lot of problems.
Conversation 1: The person has to catch a train
6 The system is constantly crashing!
Conversation 2: The person doesn’t want to talk.
Conversation 3: The person has to go to a class.

3b
1 in a rush 2 to catch up 3 I’ve just 4 to meet you

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5 the rest of 6 got to go 7 to rush off 3

8 And fingers crossed They describe or explain a key idea. Phrases in bold in
the Focus box.
4b
1 I think I’d better get going. 4
2 Anyway, listen, it’s been a really useful meeting. 1 e 2 a 3 c 4 d (b is not discussed)
3 I’m really sorry I can’t stay and talk more.
4 Sorry to interrupt you, but what’s the time? 5
5 I have something on at work and I can’t be late.
1 b, d 2 a, b, c
6 Sorry, but I’ve just had a call from someone and I need
to sort it out.
2B Develop your writing
2
5
1f 2c 3g 4d 5e 6b 7h 8a
1 b 2 a, d 3 e 4 a 5 c 6 c

4
2 Check and reflect
1a 1 The events mentioned are:
• a takeover – the company she works for is going to be
1 have 2 keen 3 downloaded 4 over
taken over
5 progress 6 exchange
• they say they want to expand
• there are worries of people getting made redundant,
2
even though the company says it won’t happen
1 ’m/am learning 2 train 3 are starting 4 agree • She’s just been promoted.
5 bake, ’m/am getting • One of her games won two awards.
2 Keisha probably asked something like: How’re the kids?
3a How’s Gabby? How’s work?
1d 2a 3b 4c 5f 6e
6a
4 1 Could come after ‘I’m really proud of how well it’s done!’
1 whole 2 tend 3 rule 4 go 5 time 6 habit 2 Could come after ‘It’s been far too long since we had a
7 usually/normally/often 8 tend good long chat.’
3 Could come after ‘… look after Alisha and Dele’.
5a 4 Could come after ‘… but I might be able to come in
November’.
1 I used to spend hours and hours listening to music when
5 Could come after ‘Gabby’s been really busy.’
I was a teenager.
6 Could come after ‘… I was changing her nappies’.
2 –
7 Could come after ‘How’s work going?’
3 When I was a kid, I would always cycle to school.
4 –
6b
5 I never used to eat vegetables when I was younger, but
now I’m a vegetarian! Keisha would write a proper reply to 2, 4, and 7. She may
also make comments on the other rhetorical questions: 1,
6 I used to have really long hair. I would only cut it once or 3, 5 and 6.
twice a year.
7
6a
1c 2d 3e 4b 5a
1b 2d 3e 4f 5a 6c
8
2A Develop your listening Here, the kids are great – they’re growing up fast! Alisha
2 started school last month and is doing well. … Dele’s really
1 It’s a phone-in show. happy because he’s just got into the school football team.
2 the Olympics – and in particular new sports that might … He’s travelling quite a lot with work, but on the whole he
be recognised as Olympic sports enjoys it. It means it’s a bit difficult for me to come and visit
at the moment, though, but I might be able to come in
November.

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 B1+ Students’ Book answer key

Mum might be able to come and look after Alisha and Dele. the night – and not just any old photo either, but one
Things are a bit strange at work at the moment, though I’m that I really wouldn’t have shown her in any other
doing really well myself. … They’re a social media circumstances!’
company, so it does make sense for them to buy a games 3 ‘… employers … now look at social media profiles’
company. They’ve said that there won’t be any changes in 5 ‘I used to be totally addicted to social media,’ she
staff, and they are hoping to expand, but you know what (Karen) admits.
can happen when companies get taken over. … It would 6 ‘Advertisers … feel young people’s tastes are more
be really annoying if they do, because I’ve just been easily influenced.’
promoted to head of marketing after all my work on Drone 7 ‘Less data equals fewer opportunities to sell … it’s
Strike. … It’s the second best-selling product they’ve ever much harder to sell to their [narrowcast platform] users.
had and it’s just won two industry awards as well, so that’s … and it’s a threat to their existence. How can they
all great. keep going without advertising revenue?’
Anyway, fingers crossed everything will be fine at work and
that we can meet in November. If not, let’s Skype 7
sometime and have a catch-up – it’s been far too long
1 a adjective: -able b comfort c un
since we had a good long chat.
d not feeling good about something
2 a noun (-tion) b delete c auto
9
d the process of automatically deleting messages,
1 and (or –) 2 because 3 but, though 4 – posts, content, etc.
5 because, so 3 a noun (-er) b employ c –
d people or companies that pay others to work for them
2C Develop your reading 4 a noun (-ship) b censor c self
d deciding not to say or write something because it
2 might cause problems
1 platforms, message, content 2 broadcasting 5 a adjective (-al) b psychology c –
3 registered, profile 4 post, likes d Involving or affecting the mind
6 a both nouns (-ness and -ion) b lonely, depress c –
4 d the feeling of being unhappy because you are alone,
1 Almir decided to stop using more open forms of social the condition of being very unhappy/anxious
media after waking up one day and realising his 7 a noun (-er) b advert c –
grandmother had liked a photograph he’d posted – and d someone who advertises something
that it really wasn’t a photo he wanted her to see! 8 a noun (-ence) b exist c – d the state of existing
2 Employers, universities and banks all look through the
social media profiles of applicants, which has led to 8
more and more people opting out of social media as 1 friendships 2 self- 3 unnatural, expectations
they don’t want their personal thoughts and images to 4 reputation, undo
be subjected to this scrutiny.
3 and 4 Spending large amounts of time on certain
platforms can have a negative effect and lead to
increased worries about body image, which means
some people opt out. It can also lead to sleep problems,
which is another reason to leave.
5 Some users reported having panic attacks over the
number of likes their posts were getting, how they look
online, etc. Stepping away from social media reduces all
this stress.
A room of my own: suggested answers: using more private
forms of social media, not sharing everything with
everyone on open social media platforms.

5
1 Mentioned by Almir: ‘I first started thinking about quitting
when I woke up one morning and found my
grandmother had liked one of my photographs during

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 B1+ Students’ Book answer key

UNIT 3 B: No, (but) I’ve always wanted to. I love that kind of
thing.
3A Places to see
3 A: Have any of you visited here before?
B: (Yeah) A few of us came last year.
Vocabulary and listening 4 A: Have you looked round the museum?
B: No, (but) we might go/we’re thinking of going later,
Tourist places
but I’m not sure we’ll have time.
2a 5 A: Have you (ever) watched whales or done anything
A cave, cliffs B remains C Wat Phra Singh temple like that?
D Mahakan fort E nature reserve B: No, (but) I’d love to. I bet it would be amazing.
6 A: Have you seen the new Star Wars film (yet)?
3a B: No, (but) it’s supposed to be pretty bad.
1 climb 2 tour 3 restored 4 ancient 5 view 6 steep
Speaking
4 10a
1 the night market the old town medieval walls 1 the village of Cirali, Mount Olympos 2 a family
2 ancient temples and remains an amazing landscape 3 Yes, they have.
3 rafting down a river a zip wire across a waterfall
an elephant reserve 3B Big issues
5
1 the market 2 the old town and the temples
Vocabulary and reading
3 Sukhothai 4 rafting down the river Science and research
5 the elephant reserve 2
1e 2g 3d 4b 5a 6c 7f
Grammar
Present perfect simple questions and answers 3b
6 Some sentences here are just opinions, but the following
1 present perfect simple 2 past simple are definitely false.
3 present simple 4 would like/love to 1 The global birth rate has increased dramatically.
5 be thinking of + -ing 6 be going to 4 Scientists know what causes cancer cells to grow and
they know (almost certainly) what causes climate
7 change.
6 We can predict some earthquakes.
Cross out:
1 it’s supposed to be: because B has been there and so Vocabulary bank 3B
knows
Verbs with dependent prepositions
2 I didn’t want to: present perfect is correct, meaning from
1a
the past until now
3 – 1 believe, invest, participate, succeed
4 we’ve taken: because the time phrase requires the past 2 comment, concentrate, congratulate, depend
simple 3 contribute, refer, respond
5 I didn’t hear of it: present perfect is correct, meaning 4 approve, consist
from the past to now 5 apologise, care
6 – 6 suffer
7 – 2

Grammar bank 3A 1 care 2 comment 3 participate 4 concentrate

5 contribute 6 respond 7 apologise 8 suffer 9 invest
1 Suggested answers:
3a
1 to climb 2 spent 3 to be 4 have never wanted to
5 love, of going 6 have, visit 1 in 2 for 3 on 4 of 5 in
2
1 A: Have you (ever) flown business class? 4b
B: No. Have you? 1T 2T 3F 4T 5T 6F
2 A: Have you (ever) been rafting?

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Grammar 3C Living abroad

Present perfect simple and continuous
6 Listening
The present perfect continuous 2
The global population has been growing steadily over the 1d 2b 3a 4c
last 50 years 3
And scientists have been making good progress in helping
1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F
people live with the disease
Scientists have also been exploring other ways to use the
sun’s energy Grammar
The present perfect simple Obligation and permission
The global birth rate has fallen a lot since the 1960s 4
Huge amounts of money have been invested in research
1 are required to 2 you’re not required to
Scientists haven’t actually discovered one single cause for
3 you’re allowed to 4 we’re not allowed to 5 don’t have to
all cancers
6 should 7 you’re not supposed to
We’ve known for ages that we are running out of oil and
5
gas
The use of solar power has grown dramatically Cross out:
1 infinitive with to 2 can/should 3 mustn’t 4 must
5 mustn’t 6 have to/must/can 7 must/need to
7
8 ought not to/needn’t
1 simple 2 continuous 3 continuous
Grammar bank 3C
Grammar bank 3B
1
1 1 You’re supposed to wait for people to …
1 haven’t been working, haven’t made 2 It’s against the law to own some kinds …
2 have been conducting, have completed 3 It’s polite to give your seat …
3 haven’t seen, have been talking 4 You are required to buy a licence to watch TV.
4 has been, has, been staying 5 You’re not allowed to smoke …
2 6 You’re not supposed to eat the fish you catch …
1 has been explored 2 – 3 I’ve been running 4 – 2
5 You’ve been sitting there 6 has fallen 7 – 1 required 2 allowed 3 can 4 need 5 must 6 have
8 have been connected 7 it 8 supposed/meant

8a 7
been is unstressed and is pronounced with a short vowel 1 If you already have a driving licence, you’re not required
/bin/, not /biːn/. to take lessons here before taking a test.
have is unstressed and is pronounced with a short vowel 2 You are/ You’re supposed to carry your ID card with you
/həv/, not /hæv/. at all times, but lots of people don’t.
3 If you’re in the UK already, you needn’t/don’t need to
9 worry about it.
1 a have tried b have been trying 4 You are/You’re allowed to join the army when you are
2 a has been exploring b have (only) explored 16 if your parents agree.
3 a have (often) thought b have been thinking 5 If you want a visa, you’re required to go to the capital for
4 a have been doing b have done an interview.
5 a has hurt b has been hurting 6 You’re not/You aren’t allowed to cross the road until you
see the green light.

Speaking
Vocabulary and reading
11
Can we produce more energy? Rules and customs
9a
1 access 2 swear 3 personal 4 let 5 charge
6 return 7 fine 8 split 9 respect 10 privacy

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9b 4
1 access healthcare 2 swear in public 1 I haven’t been working here very long.
3 personal space 4 let everyone off the train/bus 2 How long have you been living here?
5 no charge (for using) 6 in return 7 pay a fine 3 (highly unlikely because of the use of dramatically)
8 split the bill (evenly) 9 show respect (to) 4 –
10 respect your privacy 5 I’ve been doing a bit of research into it recently.
6 They’ve been looking for a cure for ages, but they still
haven’t found one.
Vocabulary bank 3C
7 –
Social norms and customs 8 –
1
1d 2f 3e 4c 5h 6b 7g 8a 5a
2a 1 have 2 required 3 supposed/allowed
1 to hold hands 2 to kiss friends 3 to try to 4 shouldn’t 5 needn’t 6 can, have
4 to ask how
6a
Speaking 1d 2a 3e 4f 5b 6c
10
1 greetings, things that are impolite 3A Develop your reading
2 greetings: shake hands or kiss a woman on both cheeks 2b
the first time you meet; no hugs 1e 2c 3d 4a
things that are impolite: never touch food with your
hands, never arrive at someone’s house at the time you
4
were invited (you should arrive 30 minutes later)
1d 2b 3e 4f 5c 6a

3D English in action 5
1 1 Because the locals now have fewer choices; also rents
have increased, normal day-to-day services have gone
1C 2A 3D 4B
and there is more noise and other problems.
2 Artists and explorers, look for somewhere new and
2b
‘discover’ a place.
1 a forgotten the word b that make sense
3 Big hotels and other tourist attractions (no longer owned
2 a tickets for what b what I mean
by local people) cause the environmental problems.
3 a a kind of b I’ve got
4 There’s a lot of public anger and protests, so no new
4 a you’d call b what you mean
facilities are developed.
5 to reduce crowds
3
6 Because she is hopeful that people can come together
a 2a b 1a/4a c 3a d 1b/2b e 3b/4b
and fight the situation.
3 Check and reflect
6
1a
1 crowded 2 attractions, spoilt 3 basic, unspoilt
1 reserve 2 tower 3 tour 4 remains 5 town
4 punishment 5 anger 6 services, explore
6 temple
3B Develop your writing
2a 1a
1 ’ve/have been 2 loved, was 1B 2D 3A 4C
3 ’s/is supposed to be 4 ’d/would love to 2
5 ’m/am thinking of going 6 ’m/am going
Drinking coffee makes you smarter.
No. The media exaggerated the whole story and made it
3a into something it wasn’t.
1 rate 2 research 3 running 4 predict
5 invest 6 explore

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3b
argues claim explains goes on to list
emphasises ends by saying

4
1 describes recent research 2 explores how
3 argues that 4 states that 5 gives the example
6 emphasises the fact 7 goes on 8 ends by 9 ends with

5
Suggested answers:
2 It discusses the trend of younger people leaving open
social media because of issues such as privacy,
companies looking at profiles and addiction.
3 It gives the example of a twenty-one-year-old girl, who
has recovered from panic attacks after giving up social
media.
4 The article goes on to suggest that while the trend is
healthy for users, it may be a problem for companies
like Facebook as they rely on money from advertising.
5 The writer ends by asking what will happen if these
companies can’t survive.

6
1c 2f 3a 4d 5b 6e

3C Develop your listening

2a
Only the third speaker enjoyed it.
2c
1 I thought it was terrible.
2 I didn’t think it was that good.
3 It wasn’t bad.
4 It was just great!

5
1 Positive 2 Negative 3 Positive 4 Negative
5 Negative 6 Positive 7 Positive 8 Negative
9 Negative

6
1 Speaker 1 moved from Australia.
Speaker 2 moved from Somalia.
2 Speaker 1 moved to Vancouver, Canada.
Speaker 2 moved to the UK.
3 Yes, speaker 1 is happy, overall (has regrets during the
winter but feels more and more at home in Canada).
Yes, speaker 2 is happy.

7
1F 2F 3T 4T 5F 6F 7F 8T
9 T 10 T

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UNIT 4
4A A big mistake Vocabulary
Accidents and mistakes
Reading 6
2a 1 knocked/spilt 2 left/flooded 3 crashed/caused
4 ticked/charged 5 pressed/went out 6 measured/fit
1 Dejan worked for a building company – doing plumbing
7 forgot/caught 8 slipped/fell down 9 mixed up/turned up
(among other things, probably)
10 slipped/went into
Veronica was working as a waitress
Maxim works in the IT department of a big company
2 Dejan flooded the flat they were working on – he got 7
offered a ticket for a big game and rushed off to get it (No fixed answers required, but some ideas:)
without checking the bath was off! 1 spill coffee all over the floor / spill wine all over a dress /
Veronica dropped a tray of food and drinks over her spill Coke all over your homework
customers, because she was nervous, the tray was 2 the tap, lights, computer, etc.
heavy and she tripped over a bag. 3 a pipe bursts, there’s a leak, it rains so much that it
Maxim sent a message to 6,000+ people rather than just floods
one. Then the IT department got calls for days! 4 baseball bat, tree falls on it, someone vandalises it,
someone burns it
Grammar 5 food cooking, your hair, a house, a forest
6 slip on ice/wet floor – because it’s slippery
Past simple and past continuous
3a
Vocabulary bank 4a
1 past continuous – was demonstrating, past simple –
Verbs and nouns with the same forms
drove
2 past simple – worked 3 past continuous – were getting 1a
1 protest 2 export 3 research 4 trust
3c 5 flood 6 object 7 promise 8 present
1b
a drove b was demonstrating c were getting d worked
9 struggle 10 update 11 increase 12 control
Grammar bank 4A
13 challenge 14 refund
1 1c
1 was, Did 2 spent, didn’t 3 wasn’t 4 Was 5 did, were
verbs: 2, 4, 9, 10, 12 nouns: 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14
6 weren’t 7 was
1d
2
1 was opening, hit Same stress whether verbs or nouns:
2 slipped, was getting out trust, flood, struggle, control, challenge, promise
3 was doing, was having Different stress; stress on the first syllable with nouns
4 was getting into, shut, didn’t break and the second syllable with verbs:
5 was jogging, tripped, fell over present, protest, export, research, object, update, increase,
6 fell off, was cleaning, broke refund
7 was riding, came, hit
Speaking
4a 9
1 was getting up 2 were trying to 3 he was going 1 He failed an exam after falling asleep in it!
2 He stayed up studying the previous night and so was
5 exhausted.
3 failed the exam, felt a bit stupid, had to retake, but was
1 broke 2 was walking 3 were chatting 4 had
basically OK because the grades in the other exams
5 lifted 6 was putting 7 knocked 8 flew 9 found
were fine
10 both are possible – was joking suggests a focus on the
repeated activity, joked suggests a focus on the hours.
There is no real difference in meaning.

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4B Crime doesn’t pay thief’s own fault.

The second speaker thinks this is mean and that the
emergency services were unprofessional and that it’s cruel
Vocabulary to leave someone like that while making fun of them.
Crime in the news
2
1 robbers, broke into
4C It’s not good enough!
2 attacked, attack(ers), have not arrested
3 freed, victims 4 gang, get away 5 thefts, claim Vocabulary
6 trial, witnesses
Complaints
2
Reading
1e 2d 3f 4b 5g 6h 7a 8c
3a
A5 B1 C4
Vocabulary bank 4C
Prefixes: over- and under-
3b
1
1A 2C 3B 4A 5C 6B
1 underpaid 2 undercooked 3 overpaid
4 underdeveloped 5 overused 6 underachieved
Grammar 7 undercharged 8 underestimated 9 underused
Past perfect simple 10 overachieved
4a
past simple: noticed (1), stopped (2) Listening
past continuous: were walking (1) 4
past perfect simple: had got (trapped) (1),
Conversation 1
had been (there) (2), had locked (3)
1 Car salesman
2 Car he bought broken down completely (engine has
4b
gone)
A A small crowd had formed; the man had got away.
Conversation 2
B He found that someone had stolen it
1 Phone repairer/mobile phone company
C A man had tried to break into a building
2 Repair hasn’t been done on time
Conversation 3
4c
1 Airline
1 had 2 before 3 by
2 Lost luggage – has been sent to the wrong address
Grammar bank 4B
1 Grammar
1 worked 2 had seen 3 was 4 had lied 5 demanded
6 rang 7 had happened 8 had left Reported speech
2 6
1 arrested 2 had fallen 3 was trying 4 had, broken into 1 car was running 2 wasn’t worth 3 it might not
5 called 6 heard (or had heard ) 7 had climbed 4 it would be 5 it could be 6 he’d fixed 7 were going to
8 had taken 9 happened 10 had, rescued 8 them that’s

6 7
1 was, had happened 2 got, had got away 1 past simple 2 past continuous 3 past perfect simple
3 was, had been 4 stood up, had taken 4 might 5 would 6 going to
5 had been, started 6 didn’t arrive, had rung
9
Speaking Correct alternatives:
8 1 had to, both (reporting either a promise or a plan)
They discuss article C. 2 had already sent, would arrive
The first speaker thinks it was funny and that it was the 3 both possible, both possible (will/send emphasises that

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the situation is still true now) 5b

4 were talking, couldn’t 1 of 2 feel 3 to go 4 wasn’t 5 great 6 are you
5 both, both (has/is emphasises that the description is still 7 pleased 8 How come 9 I’m sure 10 happened
true now)
4 Check and reflect
Grammar bank 4C 1
1 1 hurt, was playing 2 was, getting, turned up
1 would email me 2 wanted to speak 3 were still waiting 3 was cutting, slipped 4 were working, met
4 had seen him 5 had ever done 6 how I knew 5 got, were studying 6 was sleeping, heard
7 had been sent
2a
4D English in action
1d 2e 3f 4a 5b 6c
1
A excited B guilty C grateful D annoyed
3
E proud F upset G stressed H worried
1 searching 2 broke 3 away 4 worth
2 5 attacked 6 badly 7 witnesses 8 arrest

Suggested possible answers:

A She has just won a prize. 4a
B The dog feels bad because he/she has destroyed the 1 called 2 had passed 3 had completely disappeared
chair. 4 remembered 5 had never driven
C She’s thanking someone for helping her. 6 found, had already left
D He’s annoyed by the noise.
E She’s won a sporting event, e.g. a marathon. 5a
F He has hurt himself.
1a 2e 3d 4b 5f 6g 7h 8c 9i
G He is behind with work or has too much to do.
H The kids are very late home – they may have had an
accident! 6a
1 She said she didn’t know what Nick was doing/doesn’t
3 know what Nick’s doing.
Conversation 1 2 She said she’s working too hard at the moment/was
1 leaving a job working too hard.
2 had enough of the old job/excited about the future 3 She said her brother had got married.
Conversation 2 4 She said she hadn’t seen/hasn’t seen Kim for a long
1 lost the flat they were trying to buy (sold to someone time.
else) 5 She said she’s starting/was starting a new job next
2 upset (and annoyed) month.
Conversation 3 6 She said she might go to Morocco in the/this summer.
1 passed exams to become a fitness coach (with top 7 She said I could stay at her place if I wanted to.
grades)
2 in good mood/happy/proud (and, maybe a bit worried 4A Develop your listening
about the future) 2
Conversation 1
4 1 neighbour making noise
So what happened? So what happens next? 2 hit the wall until he stops, talk to him during the day,
Good luck with everything. I really hope it all goes well. call the police
Congratulations! That’s amazing! Well done! Conversation 2
Seriously? What a pain! You poor thing! 1 doesn’t like the clothing they bought online
Oh no! I’m sorry to hear that. 2 return it and get a refund
I bet you’re really annoyed/delighted. Conversation 3
You sound like you’ve made up your mind. 1 computer problem (frozen screen)
2 turn it off and back on, choose an option
Conversation 4

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1 needs cash to buy a plane ticket home and forgot PIN 9

so the cash machine ate the card start or end with something surprising:
2 will buy her a plane ticket and email it over the knock on the door at midnight, the dead dog
quickly introduce location/main characters:
3 rural setting: fields, uncle’s wooden house
To encourage a listener to agree with us or answer in the descriptive adjectives/adverbs:
way we want. To further explain or expand a point we are the orange light of the fire, quickly made our way, old
making. memories, the cool dark basement, hot summer nights,
suddenly asked … old pet dog
use similes:
4
burning just like someone had poured petrol on it
1 It’s enough to drive you mad. how people feel:
2 You can’t do that kind of thing every night. Before I knew it, I was crying. The saddest thing of all was
3 In situations like that, it’s the only way to deal with some …
people.
10a
5b
Suggested possible answers:
1 Rhetorical 2 Rhetorical 3 Rhetorical 4 Real 2 I closed the door quietly and walked away from the old
5 Real 6 Rhetorical 7 Real 8 Rhetorical house for the last time.
3 As I gently opened the ancient book, a faded
4B Develop your writing photograph dropped softly onto the floor.
2 4 He purposefully moved his purple face near to mine and
2 started shouting furiously.
A The Adventures of Pinocchio B Frankenstein 5 The birds were singing softly outside the window as the
C Gulliver’s Travels D Alice in Wonderland pink-and-orange sun came up.
E (Sherlock Holmes) A Study in Scarlet, The Sign of the 6 When we came in, a tall, thin man with an old suitcase
Four, The Hound of the Baskervilles, The Valley of Fear was looking nosily around the store.
and 56 short stories 7 The train suddenly stopped inside the gloomy tunnel
3 and we all heard a deafening noise outside.
8 The icy rain was falling hard as I walked nervously along
Suggested possible answers:
the dark street.
– the main character learns something
9 The elderly woman turned slowly and smiled coldly. Her
– the language is rich and beautiful
face brought back horrible memories.
– It’s not just a beginning, middle and then the end. The
10 As I walked nervously down the dark corridor, I had no
action shifts between different time periods.
idea what my mysterious new boss might want.
– the characters are developed and feel real

5 11
Suggested answers: 2 I was so scared that my hands were shaking like leaves
1 both fine (by the time suggests it took quite a long time on the trees in a winter storm.
to get there) 3 I got home that night and started crying like a baby.
2 cross out just as 3 cross out during 4 I ran home across the fields like someone trying to
4 cross out despite 5 both fine 6 both fine break a world record.
5 When he finally spoke, his voice was like a summer
6 breeze.
6 I fell into my bed and slept like a dead man.
1 by the time, when, as, while
7 Our taxi driver drove along the narrow mountain roads
2 but, though, however 3 just like
like a Formula One driver.
8 The noise that came from the forest behind our house
7
was like an angry pack of wolves.
1 However 2 during 3 just like 4 despite 9 We followed him through the streets like dogs chasing a
5 while 6 just as (while also possible) fox.
7 by the time 8 though 10 He had eyes like a wildcat and skin like a poisonous
snake. When he spoke, his voice sounded just like a
machine.

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4C Develop your reading

2
b

3b
disastrous = bad incredibly = really
seriously = really set off = went tough = hard
4
The author mentions: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7
5
1a 2c 3c 4c 5a 6b 7a

6
1 tiny 2 amazing 3 delicious 4 awful
5 boiling 6 freezing 7 huge 8 exhausted

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7 not possible (these meetings are already decided and

fixed)
UNIT 5 8 he’ll need
5A A bright future 9 you’ll have to
2
1 might lower 2 ’re going to focus 3 is, opening
Vocabulary
4 ’ll be running 5 ’ll continue
Running a company
2 9
1 competitor 2 breaking even 3 set up 4 take over Correct alternatives:
5 launching 6 loss 7 export 8 profit 9 markets 1 might take us over 2 both 3 both
10 expand 11 field 12 wages 4 are going to buy, both 5 ’re launching
6 will be trying to
Vocabulary bank 5A
Word building: verbs to nouns Speaking
1a 11a
1a action 1b act 2a authorise 2b authorisation 1 A translation company
3a complete 3b competition 4a creation 4b create 2 The company is three years old (but he started doing
5a persuade 5b persuasion this kind of work 15 years ago)
3 It’s doing OK. But facing competition from (free) online
4 translation services.
The five future plans mentioned are: 4 He’s going to expand and start offering Spanish as well.
the launch of a driverless car service; a flying taxi service;
the opening of supermarkets and specialist stores; 5B Living the dream
controlling and owning the delivery process; starting a
media company. Reading
2
5
1 Greg 2 Klara 3 Klara 4 Lisa 5 Vana 6 Lisa
1 They all want to expand into other markets.
2 Bad traffic in cities.
3 August 2023 Grammar
4 High-quality original films and TV series. Adverbs used with the present perfect
5 They might lead to job losses for other companies.
4
1 We’ve just begun to work on the garden
Grammar 2 I’ve only completed my first year.
Future forms 3 I still haven’t thought much about what I’ll do when I
7 graduate.
4 I haven’t made any money yet and I’ve already spent
1 the present continuous 2 be going to 3 will
the loans I got. (I haven’t yet made is also possible)
4 might 5 the future continuous
5 I’ve even sold most of my clothes.

Grammar bank 5A 5
1 1a still 1b yet 2 just 3 already 4 So far
1 not possible (going to is a plan or decision already 5 even 6 only
made)
2 not possible (may go is only a possibility; otherwise A Grammar bank 5B
would not suggest going home now)
1
3 not possible (the presentation is planned and organised)
1 only 2 just 3 So far, already, yet
4 He’ll be
4 just (already also possible)
5 not possible (the travel is already decided and
5 yet (so far also possible), even
organised)
2
6 not possible (A expects that his itinerary is already
1 … but I still haven’t finished it.
decided and organised)
2 I’ve been to 16 so far./So far, I’ve been to 16.

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3 I’ve already had three job interviews this month, but I 6 a effect b affect
haven’t heard anything yet. 2a
4 I’ve just returned from … There are only two I haven’t 1 learn 2 course 3 lost 4 missed 5 recommended
been to now! 6 advise
5 I’ve only saved …
6 … I haven’t had much luck lately. I haven’t even caught Listening
a small one for ages now.
4
1 homework
7
2 Olga is a parent, Josh is a student, Franny is a teacher.
1 just 2 still 3 even 4 already 5 yet … only 3 class size
6 even … yet 7 so far … still 8 so far … only

5
Vocabulary
Tick: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7
New projects
9
Grammar
1d 2g 3a 4e 5h 6f 7c 8b
Comment adverbs
7
Speaking
1 Generally 2 Actually, basically 3 Personally
1 Moving house 2 OK
4 apparently 5 Obviously 6 Unfortunately, luckily

5C A good education 8
Actually Apparently Basically Generally
Reading and vocabulary Luckily Personally Obviously Unfortunately
Education Grammar bank 5C
2 1
1 pressure 2 discipline 3 explore 4 raise 5 attention 1 Actually 2 Surprisingly 3 Basically 4 personally
6 cover 7 suit 8 perform 5 luckily 6 unfortunately
2
3 1 felt incredibly proud …
Suggested possible answers: 2 Amazingly, my daughter got …
1 getting a job abroad might encourage them, or having a 3 absolutely exhausted …
friend/partner from that country … having negative 4 Hopefully, you checked your answers carefully before …
cultural feelings about the country may put them off, or 5 Apparently, it takes … a really good …
having teachers they don’t like 6 Personally, I thought … explained things very clearly,
3 cutting class sizes, training teachers more, paying but … I obviously didn’t do it that well.
teachers more, extra tutorials, extra classes, online
assistance and extra study 10
4 Best: lots of student engagement/interesting lessons; 1 actually 2 Unfortunately 3 Hopefully
praise and reward good behaviour; have clearly staged 4 Apparently 5 generally 6 Basically
sanctions for bad behaviour; establish rules, e.g. don’t
talk when someone else is talking
Worst: shouting 5D English in action
Vocabulary bank 5C 2a
Confusing words 1 Two shops have closed on their local high street (a card
1 shop and Pages)
1 a studying, learnt b study 2 The man
2 a missed b lost 3
3 a course b career 1 Fair point 2 partly to do 3 not so sure
4 a sensible b sensitive 4 That’s true 5 Up to a point 6 You might be right
5 a advised b recommended 7 Absolutely, I half agree 8 I suppose

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5 Check and reflect 6

1 No. (This writer is more positive about the changes.)
1 set up 2 take over 3 make 4 break even
5 expand 6 launch 7
1f 2b 3e 4d 5c
2a
1 ’m going to set up 2 might be 3 ’m meeting 8
4 will make 5 ’ll be working
1 however 2 while

3a
1 yet 2 even (or just) 3 already 4 just 5 only 9
6 So far, still 1 While 2 However 3 While 4 however
5 However, while
4
5B Develop your reading
1 ceremony 2 permission 3 destination
4 struggling 5 mind 6 loan 1
Suggested answers:
5 3
1b 2d 3a 4f 5c 6e A How to be less shy
B How to be more tidy/organised
6a C How to be a more interesting teacher
D How to be better at forming relationships
1 Hopefully 2 Obviously 3 Actually 4 Generally
E How to overcome a fear of spiders
5 Apparently 6 Personally
F How to dress better

5A Develop your writing 2b

The author’s attitude is negative and dismissive. He
1
doesn’t believe these books are helpful.
A social media B robots C medicine This is obvious due to the inclusion of adverbs such as
3 apparently, and direct criticism: nonsense.
1d 2c 3a 4b 3
4 Apparently: 2
millionaire!: 5 (exclamation mark)
See Focus box. We can get examples from our
Obviously: 2
general knowledge or from news, reports, statistics or
not : 5 (italics)
quotes from experts.
complete NONSENSE!!: 1, 5
5b Technique 3 isn’t used.
Suggested answers:
4
Paragraph 1
1e 2b 3f 4d 5a 6c
Robots are now able to do more things and can learn from
experience 5a
This supports the idea that they’re developing quickly. 1 basically 2 can they?! 3 is nonsense!
Paragraph 2 4 Actually 5 Absolutely not! 6 selfish 7 far
‘Soon there may also be robots for nursing and farming, 8 ALL, all are!
robots working as shop assistants and even robots offering
5b
basic legal advice.’ supports the idea that the number of
jobs robots could soon do is huge. 1 basically 2 2 can they?! 4, 5
Paragraph 3 3 is nonsense! 3, 1, 5 4 Actually 2
‘While having a robot nurse may be cheap, it cannot chat 5 Absolutely not! 4, 1, 5 6 selfish 4, 1
or share emotions.’ supports the idea that greater use of 7 far 1, 5 8 ALL, all are! 4, 5
robots damages social relationships.

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5C Develop your listening

2
1 Japan and the US
2 Because Finland does very well in the PISA tests
3 The Finnish education system
3
1 so-called, is where, such as, For example
2 sometimes called
4
1 so-called, is where, such as, For example
2 sometimes called
6
1c 2b 3a 4e 5d
streaming and phenomenon-based learning

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UNIT 6 3 More and more professionals

4 More and more professionals 5 Writers and actors
6A A great show!
6 creative opportunities 7 episodes 8 TV writers

Vocabulary and reading 7c

At the cinema, on TV 1 Because she lost her phone.
2 There was a power cut.
2a
3 His car broke down.
1 character 2 hilarious 3 episode 4 dull 4 We have too many things/appliances; we should try and
5 useless 6 special effects 7 ending 8 dialogue live without them for a while.
9 scene 10 filming
Grammar bank 6A
2b 1
1 It was filmed in Tunisia.
1 any of these adjectives: tense, dull, hilarious,
2 It’s being shown live next Saturday.
embarrassing, clever, funny, sad, great, amazing
3 I can’t believe she’s been killed off.
2 any of these nouns: dialogue, special effects, scene,
4 He’s being paid millions to appear in the film.
ending, episode, filming, character
5 I had been offered tickets, but I didn’t take them.
6 I’m sure she will be voted off the programme
3
sometime soon.
Suggested answers: 7 It has been viewed over two million times since it
1 multiple scenes in an episode, multiple episodes in a was posted.
series. 8 They should be stopped from making any more films in
2 thrillers, horror, dramas the series.
3 to increase the size of the audience, actor has 2
died/wants to leave, character has become unpopular 1 ’re/are often called 2 ’ve/have already been told
4 reality TV programme/talent show 3 ’ll/will/’s/is going to replace 4 had
5 Jurassic Park, Fast and Furious, Avatar, etc. 5 be made 6 got (or was getting)
7 were released (or were being released )
Vocabulary bank 6A 8 are producing 9 isn’t going to be/won’t be killed off

Adjectives to describe films and TV programmes

9
1a
1 is arrested/has been arrested 2 was cancelled
1 enjoyable 2 ordinary 3 ridiculous 4 dreadful
3 be/get voted off 4 be directed
5 predictable 6 shocking 7 violent 8 romantic
5 wasn’t shown/hadn’t been shown 6 had been seen
9 complex 10 confusing

4 Speaking
3 11a
The film Matilda, which both speakers love;
5 The Blue Planet, which speaker A thinks is amazing, but
1 the number of programmes being produced; high quality which B thinks is dull.
and variety
2 more interesting characters and more varied and 6B A five-star review
complex stories (artistic opportunities) and better pay
than before
Reading
3 There are no ad breaks and viewers can watch
whenever they like, so stories can be more varied and 2a
complex and characters can be more fully developed. 1 T – Personally, I look at reviews before I do almost
anything
2 F – IMDb scores things out of ten
Grammar
3 F – not surprising that the score we consider ‘good
Passive
enough’ is slowly going up
7a 4 T – If this trend continues, we’ll have to go back to
1 TV/Television 2 450 different series relying on the recommendations of friends

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Vocabulary 7
Services and recommendations Suggested answers:
1 have/get an album made
3
2 have/get it delivered
1 deliver 2 assess 3 replace 4 fix 5 do 3 having/getting the gears fixed
6 remove 7 look at 8 make 4 had/got my nails done
5 had my passport stolen, get/have it replaced
4 6 have, had/got the car cleaned
Example answers:
a builder – deliver and install a new kitchen, fix a pipe, fix a
Speaking
broken light, do repairs, remove a wall, look at the problem
a cleaner – do repairs, remove a mark on my jacket 9a
a dentist – assess the damage, remove a tooth, look at 1 Conversation 1: mechanic/good garage
what’s causing it Conversation 2: hairdresser
a hairdresser – do your hair 2 Conversation 1: wants to get the gears looked at/fixed
a mechanic – look at what’s causing it, assess the Conversation 2: wants to get a hair cut
damage, replace a flat tyre, fix gears of the car, fix a 3 Conversation 1: Yes (garage on the other side of town)
broken light, look at the problem, do repairs Conversation 2: Yes (Paco on Hope Street)
a personal trainer – assess your fitness, assess your
strengths and weaknesses, look at the injury 6C Headline news

5
Vocabulary
1 Between 1 and 2 stars 2 4 or 5 stars
3 2 or 3 stars 4 0 or 1 stars 5 5 stars In the news
2
Vocabulary bank 6B
1g 2e 3c 4d 5h 6a 7f 8b
Prepositional phrases
1a Vocabulary bank 6C

1 by 2 by 3 On 4 by 5 in 6 in 7 on Newspaper headlines
8 on/by 9 on 10 by 11 in 12 in 1
1e 2c 3f 4h 5g 6b 7d 8a
Grammar
have/get something done Listening
6b 4
Sentence 2 is false. Conversation 1: 6a
Conversation 2: 7f
Grammar bank 6B
Conversation 3: 1g
1
1 have/get your arm looked at 5
2 get/have a spare key made
1 a False b True c True
3 having/getting the lift repaired
2 a True b False c True
4 having/getting my hair cut
3 a True b True c False
5 get/have my apartment cleaned
6 ‘d had/’d got my nails done
7 ‘ve had/’ve got a pizza delivered (or I‘m having/getting a Grammar
pizza delivered) Probability
8 haven’t had/got my car fixed
7a
2
1 I need to get my suit cleaned. 1 he could recover 2 he might 3 we’ll win it
3 I had my car broken into … 4 probably lose 5 definitely win 6 probably won’t win
4 They got a swimming built in … 7 that’ll happen 8 to change 9 unlikely to suddenly drop
8 I’m going to have my hair cut this weekend. Grammar bank 6C
1
1 going/likely 2 chance 3 don’t, will 4 definitely

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5 might/may/could 6 small 7 likely 8 bound 9 won’t 5

2 I’m terribly sorry/I can only apologise
1 I hope so 2 I doubt it 3 I’m bound to There really is nothing we can do about it/I would if I could,
4 I’m quite likely to 5 I hope not but I’m afraid it’s impossible.
I’ll make it a priority/Let me assure you that it will not
7b happen again.
1 maybe 2 maybe 3 almost certainly not
4 probably 5 almost certain 6 probably not 6 Check and reflect
7 probably 8 almost certain 9 probably not
1a
8 1 ending 2 voted 3 character 4 blockbusters
1 almost certain 2 probably 3 maybe (not) 5 dialogue 6 special effects
4 probably not 5 almost certainly not
2a
9 1 is, being repeated 2 is, watched
1 Different – bound to = almost certain/doubt = almost 3 have been made 4 be watched
certainly not 5 was, released 6 to be filmed
2 Same
3 Same 3
4 Different – I doubt it = almost certainly not/Probably =
1 make 2 replace 3 trust 4 remove
probably
5 deliver 6 finish
5 Different – There’s only a small chance he’ll = probably/
He might quit = maybe
10 4
1 It’ll probably hit profits … 1 have/get my nails done
2 There’s (only) a small chance they might stop … 2 had/got the gears on my car fixed
3 She’s bound to be … 3 get/have it looked at
4 They’ll definitely hold … 4 ’re having/getting that room painted
5 It won’t happen … 5 ’ve had your hair cut
6 There’s a good chance that profits … 6 have/get this wall removed
7 There’s a chance that he won’t …
5
6D English in action 1e 2b 3f 4a 5c 6d

3 6a
1 The excuses used are: 1 ’ll/will (or might) 2 likely 3 won’t 4 chance
Conversation 1: 2, 3 5 doubt 6 small (or slight/slim)
Conversation 2: 5, 7, 6, 4
Conversation 3: 1 6A Develop your reading
2 He’s apologising because:
Conversation 1: they won’t be able to deliver the fridge 3b
today/there’s already been a delay in getting it delivered A Head Full of Ghosts is a horror story.
– it was ordered two weeks ago There are several clues: ghosts, terrifying, The
Conversation 2: he’s late home/he’s not yet asked if he Possession, deeper fears, the nature of evil, scary, you
can take the day off on Saturday won’t want to turn the lights off after reading it.
Conversation 3: they won’t be able to visit their friend The Mark of the Meridien is a detective story.
Dom this weekend/because Dom had bought tickets for The clues are: two officers investigating a death, an
a musical for them ex-officer dead, they try to find the murderer, serious
4 issues, tense at times
1 a terribly b nothing, apologise 4
c things d understanding 1 C: Four very different people take part in an
2 a least b promise c Honestly international piano competition.
3 a out b silly, what c make

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D: Single woman happens to meet writer recovering 7

from the death of his wife. They fall in love. 1 Almost a third 2 A quarter 3 significant
2 C: three stars – very positive review with no negatives 4 a tiny percentage 5 Just over half 6 A large majority
mentioned 7 One out of every five 8 nearly all
D: one star (or maybe two) – rather predictable and only
really for real fans of the genre. The reader lost interest
by the end.
5
1 C 2 B 3 B/D 4 C 5 D
6 A/B/C (the nature of music and human beings)
7 A 8 A (there’s an ‘awful event’)

4
1 tells 2 event 3 raise 4 follows 5 issues
6 ending 7 explores 8 life 9 discovers 10 interest

6B Develop your listening

2
a2 b5 c3 d4 e1

4
1F 2H 3C 4B 5G 6A 7E 8D

5
D, B, A, G

6
1 bottom left-hand 2 or a wheel 3 halfway down
4 an exclamation mark 5 the green tick 6 at the back
7 back on again

7
No, it didn’t.

6C Develop your writing

3
Introduction: questions 3 and 6
Main findings: questions 1, 2 and 4
Conclusion: question 5

4a
1 those over 35
2 TV
3 1,000 people between the ages of 18 and 55
4 No. Quite wide differences.
5 Traditional newspapers may die out
6 March of this year

4b
1 were interviewed 2 two-thirds 3 a clear difference
4 only 5 In contrast 6 it appears that

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UNIT 7 7
1 keep, suggest, avoid, consider 2 need, promise
7A Health problems
3 start

Vocabulary Grammar bank 7A

Health problems 1
1 1 to drive 2 talking 3 both 4 to spend 5 dealing
1 C 2 D 6 F 7 E 8 B 9 A 11 H 12 G 6 speaking 7 to stop 8 going 9 to see
No pictures match sentences 3, 4, 5 and 10 10 to eat, wanting
2
Vocabulary bank 7A 1 suggest starting with a short walk of a kilometre or two
Phrases with have 2 keep getting really out of breath all the time
A He has a (bad) headache. 3 need to stay in hospital overnight
B He’s having a rest. 4 remember to send her a card
C He’s/She’s having an injection. 5 failed to find anything
D He’s/She’s having an operation. 6 considered becoming a doctor
E She has a temperature. 7 stopped to make
F He’s having treatment. 8 refused to give me anything

2 8

1 appointment 2 headache 3 injection 1 waiting 2 to be 3 to join 4 to feel/feeling

4 virus 5 operation 6 infection 7 stitches 5 to listen 6 bending 7 writing 8 to book
8 temperature 9 insurance 10 rest 11 X-ray 9 taking/to take 10 eating
12 treatment
9b
Listening 1b 2a
4
10
Conversation 1
1 a having b to have
1 strained a muscle in leg
2 a to go b going
2 no – strained lower back
3 a to go b eating
3 rest it (and give it time to heal), stop doing weights
Conversation 2
1 sore throat – (connected to stopping smoking)
7B Money talks
2 not exactly – caused by virus (not giving up smoking)
3 take tablets over the next five days, avoid any physical
exercise, take time off work Listening
2a
5
Matthew
1 a F – It began to hurt a couple of days ago
bT
3b
cT
2 a F – (stopped smoking and began to feel sore) at the 1, 3, 7, 8
start of the year
bT Grammar
c F – Not sure that’ll be possible (to take time off)
Verb patterns 2: verbs followed by a clause
4
Grammar
a I doubt b I bet c I guess d I think
Verb patterns 1: verb + ing/infinitive with to6 e He said that f He just told me g I don’t know if
6 h Do you know what i Do you think
1 getting 2 feeling 3 taking 4 to feel
5 to take 6 doing 7 taking 8 to try 5
1 a Sentence e b Sentences a, b, c, d, f

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2 Sentence g 3 Sentences h, i 10

Grammar bank 7B They’re discussing question 1. They disagree.

1
1 how much he borrowed 7C Kings of the road
2 why they have decided to do that
3 you speak Greek Reading
4 where the bank is
1a
5 why they don’t complain about it
6 when her birthday is Best city for car drivers: Phoenix, Arizona
7 you could lend me five pounds Best city for cyclists: Copenhagen
2 Best city for walkers: Fez (but Guangzhou is also great)
1 I can’t believe how much he earns.
2 – 1b
3 I don’t know if she’s coming to class today or not. 1 The driving app Waze carried out the research that
4 She asked me why I work so much. decided Phoenix was the best city for drivers.
5 – 2 Among the things they based their decision on was the
6 – quality of the roads.
7 Can you tell me where I can find more information? 3 In Copenhagen, there was a 130 million euro
8 – programme to build cycle lanes.
4 There’ve been changes to the laws of the road to
6a support cyclists.
5 An area of Fez (Fes el Bali) is maybe the biggest car-
You hear that in sentences 1 and 4.
free area in the world and great for walkers.
6 In Guangzhou, they’ve built new footpaths to encourage
7 walkers.
1 Do you know where she lives? 7 Some people want to avoid other road users altogether.
2 I wonder how much she earns. 8 Every train carriage on the Seoul metro has free
3 I found out what his job is. high-speed wifi, digital TVs and even heated seats in
4 I can’t remember if I paid him back. winter.
5 Do you think I could borrow €5?
6 I bet they have loads of money. Grammar
7 I didn’t realise that Leila speaks Russian.
8 He told me that he wants a black coffee. Noun phrases 2: noun + noun/noun + of + noun
3a
Vocabulary and reading 1 a driving app road users footpaths train carriage
9a a 130-million Euro programme
2 the quality of roads the laws of the road
1 earnings 2 account 3 earn 4 lend 5 afford 6 debts
an area of Fez
7 wealth 8 payments 9 owes 10 rate

3b
9a
1 second 2 doesn’t become 3 first
1 Qatar 2 38 3 £5,732, £300,000 4 6
5 San Francisco … $80,000 6 Switzerland 7 half Grammar bank 7C
8 Belgium 9 Japan 10 Saudi Arabia 1 cars of the future 2 traffic jams 3 amounts of money
4 sides of the road 5 driving tests 6 road signs
Vocabulary bank 7B 7 train stations

Money and banks

4a
1
1 We were stuck in a queue of traffic.
1d 2a 3h 4b 5c
2 I closed the car door on my hand!
6 e (though d is also possible here) 7 f 8 g
3 The brake lights weren’t working.
2a
4 It wouldn’t fit in the back of the car.
1 check 2 charge 3 transfer 4 invest 5 open 5 I couldn’t change the gears of the car.
6 take out 7 withdraw 8 be

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5 7 Check and reflect

1 a queue of traffic 2 bags of shopping
3 The number of accidents 4 a fine of thirty-five dollars 1
5 a selection of books 6 the cost of public transport 1 stiff 2 bruised 3 agree 4 injured 5 throat 6 allergic

Vocabulary 2a
On the road 1 avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, mind, miss, practise
7 2 agree, arrange, decide, hope, need, offer, promise,
1 driving test/park 2 pulled out/brake refuse
3 crashed/footpath 4 tyre/breakdown 5 gear/engine 3 begin, hate, like, start
6 control/helmet 7 petrol station/lorry drivers 8 fine/points
3a
8 1 I don’t know if they’ll lend me the money or not.
Suggested possible answers: 2 –
1 embarrassing/stupid/annoying 3 Do you know where the nearest bank is?
2 scary/dangerous 4 I can’t believe how much you borrowed.
3 annoying/dangerous 5 Can you ask him if he takes milk in his coffee?
4 an easy mistake/annoying 6 I wonder what she’s doing now.
5 stupid/annoying/dangerous
6 embarrassing/an easy mistake/dangerous 4
7 annoying 1 afford 2 pay 3 lend 4 earn 5 own 6 save
8 annoying
5
1 cups of coffee 2 road signs 3 levels of pollution
Listening 4 cycle lanes 5 the quality of the roads 6 train drivers
10a
Speaker 1: c Speaker 2: e 6a
Speaker 3: b Speaker 4: d
1d 2g 3c 4b 5a 6f 7e
10c
7A Develop your reading
a Speaker 2 b Speaker 4 c Speaker 1
d Speaker 3 3
1a 2c 3d 4e 5f 6b
7D English in action
4
2 a a pet b pets c stress d dogs f a pet owner
1 Conversation 1: a shoe shop/sports shop/department (e does not match anything in the box because it refers
store that sells shoes back to a whole of the previous sentence – the fact that
Conversation 2: theatre fish look after themselves and it’s very relaxing to watch
2 Conversation 1: wants to exchange a pair of shoes them swim around)
bought for son for a bigger size/for the next size up
5
Conversation 2: see a show
1e 2h 3g 4d 5b 6i 7a 8f 9c
3 Conversation 1: doesn’t have the receipt or the box they
came in. They’re not supposed to change things without 6
a receipt. 1 the fact she was shy, family life was complicated and
Conversation 2: one of the group has lost their ticket; the pets she had offered easier relationships
the ticket number is needed in order to issue a new 2 making pet owners feel better when pets die, arguing
ticket with them and training them
4 3 business/business training
4 pet owners
1 supposed to 2 any way 3 Let me 4 appreciate it
5 giving a dog a biscuit
5 Strictly speaking 6 couldn’t you 7 really helping
6 animals
8 thank you
7 elephants

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8 animals suffering stress and pain 4

9 sprays that can help calm pets and drugs similar to 1 Landmarks: You should see a post box and a house
Prozac called Parc Maw./If you reach a small cottage on the
10 pet owners … their pet’s (depressive) behaviour left, it means you’ve gone too far.
12 the fact that vets’ bills have gone up Distance: One Cat Farm is the second entrance on the
right, a few hundred yards along.
7B Develop your listening 2 Landmark: As you enter the village and before you
reach the church …
2b
Distance: The venue is about half a mile down the road.
1, 2, 4, 6, 8
3 Landmarks: To your right, on the other side of the road,
there’s a big Turkish place called Gökyüzü.
4a Distance: I’m about halfway up the road, on the right.
Facing the right way: If you have your back to the stairs,
1 the other day 2 pretty much 3 some sort of
you should also see some shops on your right.
4 kind of 5 and stuff 6 or anything

5
4b 1 roundabout 2 direction 3 exit 4 off 5 halfway
2b 3b 4a 5a 6a 6 approach 7 side 8 subway 9 facing 10 fork

5a 6
1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10 1 to 2 out 3 off 4 – 5 up/down 6 after/before
7 away/– 8 –
5b
1 some kind of 3 or anything
4 a sort of (blue)-ish 6 and something 7 sort of
9 about (forty)-ish 10 or so

7C Develop your writing

2
1
1 to give directions to holiday accommodation
2 to give details of how to get to the venue for the training
event/team-building weekend
3 to give directions to a new flat/house
2
1 They don’t know each other.
2 colleagues
3 old friends
3
1 by car
2 coach is offered, but the email gives instructions for
driving or taking the train
3 possibly cab (taxi), but directions given for tube and
then bus
3
Writers can add information about:
local landmarks and easily recognised places
distance
facing the right way

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pollution.
2 … we soon won’t have many rare animals left.
UNIT 8 3 –
8A Small changes 4 … in case you have an accident.
5 Even if you stop eating meat, …
6 –
Vocabulary
7 Unless we act/If we don’t act soon, we’ll see …
The environment 8 –
1
A pollution B animals dying out C overpopulation 8
D floods, climate change, rising sea levels E plastic waste 1 unless 2 in case 3 even if 4 If 5 even if
F natural resources running out
9
2
1 introduce, it’ll be/it’s going to be
1 floods 2 pollution 3 pollution 4 plastic waste 2 will need to/are going to need to, aren’t
5 dying out 6 run out 7 waste 8 overpopulation 3 clean up, won’t have/aren’t going to have
Vocabulary bank 8A 4 are going to start/will start, causes
5 don’t change, won’t have/aren’t going to have
Phrasal verbs with out
1
1 hang out 2 dies out 3 miss out 4 check out
Speaking
5 speak out 6 work out 7 sort out 8 fall out 11a
2 use less heating in the home; it’ll use fewer natural
1c 2f 3a 4b 5d 6g 7h 8e resources and mean there’s less carbon dioxide in the air

Reading 8B Relationships
4a
Shocking people isn’t the best way to Listening
make them change. 1
4b Possible answers:
1 to challenge us to change in a big way 1
2 people deny the statistics; people assume others will do A boss and worker (or colleagues)
something about the problem; people think the B father and son (or uncle and nephew)
challenge is so great they don’t even try! C teacher and student
3 set small targets that are achievable and will benefit D friends
individuals now
2
Grammar Conversation 1: f Conversation 2: d
Conversation 3: c Conversation 4: a, g, b
First conditional
6a 3
1 can + infinitive, a verb in the present simple 2 the neighbours who looked after the cat, etc.
2 will + infinitive, may + infinitive, should + infinitive 3 the younger sister 4 Greg 5 Maria 6 stepfather
7 Greg 8 the other neighbour 9 Diego
6a
1 present 2 unless 3 even if 4 will 5 may 4
6 should Conversation 1: get on badly (despite the fact they think
he’s clearly a bright kid)
Grammar bank 8A Conversation 2: get on really well with one couple, get on
1 OK with the other neighbour
1 increase 2 want 3 if 4 meet 5 want 6 is Conversation 3: get on very well now, though it was hard to
7 will 8 happens begin with
2 Conversation 4: gets on really well with niece, very well
1 … if we don’t do/unless we do something about all the with sister, OK with the mum

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Grammar Speaking
whatever, whoever, whenever, however, etc. 11a
5a 1 Keith, a colleague
1 whatever 2 whoever 3 whenever 4 however 2 great to work with, very helpful, very friendly, very
5 wherever reliable

5b 8C Big moments
1 doesn’t make any difference 2 don’t have to
3 don’t know 4 whatever 5 however 6 whenever Vocabulary
7 wherever 8 whoever
Life events
Grammar bank 8B
2
1
1 engagement, married 2 ceremony, remember
1 whenever 2 wherever 3 whenever 4 Whatever
3 pregnant, birth 4 partner, anniversary 5 retire,
5 wherever 6 Whoever 7 whatever 8 however
mortgage 6 graduate, year 7 relationship, live
2
8 separated, divorced
1 Whoever said that 2 wherever she goes
3 say whatever they 4 however talented you
3
5 whenever I hear
die: death divorce: divorce graduate: graduation
married: marriage pregnant: pregnancy retire: retirement
7a separated: separation
1 Wherever 2 Whoever 3 whatever 4 However
5 whenever 6 Whatever, wherever
Reading
5
Vocabulary The three life events are as follows. It’s a matter of Ss’
Character opinion which is the ‘biggest’ and they can discuss this.
9a Max: graduating
Emmita: getting married/starting to live together
1 difficult 2 talented 3 strict 4 willing 5 sweet
Lina: giving birth
6 bright 7 active 8 racist 9 patient 10 generous

6
10
1 Lina 2 Max 3 Max 4 Lina 5 Emmita
Suggested answers:
1 reliable car, clock, source, evidence, information, guide
2 Kids can call each other names, bully, steal, hit. Grammar
3 Low self-esteem, negative previous experiences; need Time conjunctions
positive feedback, praise 7a
4 go door to door on behalf of the political party, start
1 who 2 which 3 where 4 when
email campaigns, go on demonstrations, etc.
5 breathe deeply, count to ten, go for a walk, listen to
music 7c
They refer to the future.
The verbs are in the present simple (1) and the present
Vocabulary bank 8B
perfect simple (2).
Relationships
Grammar bank 8C
1a
1
1 come from similar backgrounds 1 retires/has retired (next month), he might go …
2 go back a long way 3 went their separate ways 2 ’ll call you back, have spoken to my wife
4 get on very well 5 lost touch 6 have a lot in common 3 ’ll tell her, I see her (later today)
7 very close 8 don’t see eye to eye 4 still have lots of things to sort out, get married (next
month)
5 are going to be a bit crazy, I move house (next month)
2
1 d I used to really love rugby when I was younger

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2 e I’ll email you about it before I leave the office tonight. 5

3 f Please don’t play music in your room after everyone a3 b6 c8 d5 e4 f7 g9 h2 i1
else has gone to bed.
4 c My grandfather died one month before my daughter 8 Check and reflect
was born, so they never met. 1
5 a I’ll be worrying about you, so call me when/as soon
1 dying out 2 resources 3 pollution 4 disasters
as/once you’ve landed in London, OK?
5 recycle 6 climate change
6 b Could you wait here with me until my bus comes?
2
9
1d 2f 3a 4e 5b 6c
1 move/have moved 2 arrived 3 graduation
4 won’t get/aren’t going to get 5 is born/’s birth 3a
6 retirement/retiring
1 Whenever 2 whatever 3 whoever
4 wherever 5 however
Speaking
11 4a
1 F (before university) 2 T 3 F (three times) 1 very patient 2 very talented 3 quite strict
4 F (30 years) 4 very generous 5 very bright 6 quite nasty

8D English in action 5a
1 graduation 2 marriage 3 engagement
2 4 pregnancy 5 separation 6 retirement
1 bank 2 an English school 3 a pizzeria
4 a hotel 5 an estate agents 6 a man called Alex 6
7 a heating repair company 8 a shop 9 a university 1 have finished 2 get 3 have gone 4 retirement 5 left

3b 8A Develop your listening

2 wants to join an advanced exam class as soon as 2b
possible
micro-plastics: tiny bits of plastic that are everywhere now
3 wants to order two pizzas to take away
the food chain: where something is eaten by an animal
4 thinks may have left a USB stick in the hotel room
(e.g. a fish), which is then eaten by another animal (e.g. a
stayed in last night
human) and so on
5 ringing to see if the flat on Hitcham Road is still
sculptures: an object made by an artist
available
zero waste: zero-waste lifestyle means reducing the
6 just ringing for a chat and a catch-up
amount of rubbish you throw away, ideally to nothing
7 radiator/heating not working properly, flat cold, wants
someone to come and look at it.
8 wants to rearrange delivery of a bed 4
9 wants to speak to someone in the foreign languages 1F 2T 3T 4F 5T 6T
department, because wants to take a Russian course
5b
4
dump: f disposable: c bulk: e austere: d
Hello, [company name]. (4)
clicked: a come in for: g flamed: b
Thank you for calling [company name]. You’re through to
[name/department name]. (1)
If you know the extension number you require, please dial 6b
now. (9)
1 plastic stuff 2 the wrapping paper
[Name] speaking. (4) How can I help you? (8)
3 getting flamed 4 getting flamed 5 zero waste
What can I help you with today? (1) What can we do for
you? (5)
I’d like to … (1, 3, 8) I’m ringing about … (7)
8B Develop your reading
I was ringing to … (5) I’m interested in … (2) 3a
Let me put you through to … (8) Please hold the line … (8) bouquet: B ceremony: A, C groom: A, B, C

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guest: A, B, C, D
4
Normally feature in: 4
1 a, h, d, g 2 c, b, i 3 f, eb Suggested possible answers:
Formal:
5 A RSVP; clear layout and design – headings, bullet points,
defined sections; lack of contractions; more passives: are
1 to keep in touch with friends and to share her
(warmly) invited, are held, will be announced, will be
experiences of living in Colombia
hosted;
2 She’s been busy: she got married, went on honeymoon
more formal grammar: should you have any … ;
and then moved into a new apartment.
formal words: warmly invites, We wish all the finalists …
3 She thinks so; other people might not!
Informal:
4 the tradition of las arras – where the man gives coins to
Contractions, everyday vocabulary, active verbs
the bride (the bride also gave some coins to her groom,
because she’s a feminist); she also had a bridesmaid 6a
who gave a speech because Camilo didn’t have a best 1 warmly 2 held 3 attend 4 hosted 5 receive
man (who would have given a speech in a British 6 Should 7 code 8 RSVP
wedding)
5 The bride and groom each light a small candle, which are
then used to light one big one. The two small candles 6b
are blown out. This symbolises two people coming Suggested possible answers:
together to become one. 2 We’re having the reception at the Bay Country Club.
6 no 3 Please come to the 35th Top Builder Awards.
7 No: the Colombians were a bit confused when it started, 4 Usain Bolt, the Olympic Gold medal winner, is going to
but soon realised most Brits were, too! host the event.
8 No fixed answers needed for this one 5 All the winners get a €1000 prize.
6 If you need transport to the venue, let Roger Blunt
6
know.
1 had, perfect 2 exchanging, wedding 7 It’d be best if you wore a black tie and suit.
3 beautiful, marriage 4 throws, single ladies 8 Please let me know by Friday 10th May if you can make
5 support, happy 6 gave, hilarious it or not. Just email me here. Oh, and let me know if
7 there’s anything you can’t or don’t eat as well.
1 and 2 wedding rings, Colombian wedding, British 7
wedding, British and Colombian traditions, we followed the Giorgio can go; Monica and Asher can go, not sure about
Colombian tradition, the tradition applies to, play with Matt yet.
tradition, a tradition I am … continuing, did the candle Giorgio asks for a vegetarian meal.
ceremony, the bride’s dress Monica asks if she can bring anything, e.g. food or drink.

8C Develop your writing

8
1a
1 B 2 A 3 B 4 A 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 B 9 B 10 A
1 a wedding 2 a birthday 3 a launch party
4 a conference
2
1 A an awards ceremony
B a first birthday party
2 A Centaur Care Group employees
B friends of Anqi and Jie)
3
a, b, c

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UNIT 9 9 creative 10 generous

9A Quality of life
Grammar
Reading and vocabulary Patterns after wish

Quality of life 7a
2a 1b 3c
1
Possible answers: 7b
1 A working late B meditating C begging 1 present 2 present or future 3 present
D travelling to work E meeting friends
2 No fixed answers required 7c
1 past simple 2 could 3 would
2
1 It’s a survey to measure how happy people are and the 8b
quality of their life. 1 could 2 would 3 were 4 would 5 had
2 160,000 people are interviewed (160 countries/1,000 6 knew
people) Grammar bank 9A
3 finance, mental and physical health, the strength of their
1
people’s local community, social experiences, people’s
1 could 2 would 3 hope 4 was (or were)
purpose in life
5 didn’t 6 did
4 bad environment, not enough time with family and
2
friends, anxiety and depression
1 my husband would help (or helped)
2 were more
3
3 would do
b 4 had enough money
5 could spend more time
4 6 my dad would retire
1 community 2 spaces 3 anxiety 4 wages 7 it would rain
5 charity 6 purpose 7 equality 8 faith 9 violence
10 tolerance 9B An ideal society

6
Reading and vocabulary
Suggested possible answers:
1 people help and support each other, trust, lack of Society
corruption 2a
2 women, black and ethnic minorities 1 Utopia, Terra Ignota
3 provide food, accommodation, healthcare, support 2 The Hunger Games, Noughts and Crosses,
education, organise communities The Handmaid’s Tale
4 not having enough money, lack of security (in a job) or 2b
at home, exams, travelling by plane. Reduce anxiety:
1 poverty 2 state 3 ruled 4 fund 5 racism
feel secure in job, tackle crime, meditation/breathing,
6 rights 7 got rid of 8 peace 9 taken over 10 control
take medication
5 having kids, being responsible for others, having pets
3
Suggested possible answers:
Vocabulary bank 9A
1 free speech, housing, ability to practise your religion,
Word building ability to work
1 2 sexism, feminism, socialism, conservatism
able anxious charitable communal equal 3 education, roads, schools, wars, waste collection
creative generous national normal probable 4 by becoming unpopular and losing an election, by being
2a overthrown, by the king/queen taking over
1 charity 2 nationality 3 able 4 normality
5 community 6 anxious 7 equality 8 probable

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Vocabulary bank 9B
Society Speaking
1 12a
1 social care, elderly 2 divorced, middle class everyone has a free home; no
3 healthcare, life expectancy 4 vandalism, pollution
5 access, higher education 6 benefits, poverty
9C Great sporting moments
7 Wages, rights 8 beg, homeless
2a
1 see life 2 that’s life 3 all walks of life Reading
4 Life’s too short 5 later in life 6 the time of your life 1a
7 a fact of life 8 quality of life 1 A Usain Bolt B Mo Farah C Michael Phelps

Listening 2a
5 Devon Loch suddenly fell down when it was close to
3 winning the Grand National horse race. Nobody actually
knows what happened for sure – maybe a noise from the
6 crowd scared the horse.

1 The Hunger Games, The Handmaid’s tale, Noughts and

2b
Crosses, Utopia
seven – 7 km is the length of the Grand National
2 stories about ideal societies or utopias
half a billion – the number of people who watch the race
3 no war, no poverty, less work
each year
4 use robots at work
1956 – the year Devon Loch fell
two – the two biggest favourites fell early in the 1956 race
Grammar fifty – they were less 50 metres from the finish line when
Second conditional Devon Loch fell
1839 – the Grand National started
7b
half a million – pounds is the prize for the winner
2 had 3 would have 4 would, fund 5 taxed nine – age of Devon Loch when it raced in 1956
6 wouldn’t need three – three fences from the end Devon Loch and Dick
Francis went into the lead
8b six – Devon Loch died six years after the 1956 race
1T 2T 3F 4F 5T
Grammar
10
Past modals of deduction
1 close, had to, would/could cause
3a
2 would/could make, wouldn’t cost, weren’t, would, work
have + past participle
3 ruled, wanted, would/might make, would/might take over
3c
Grammar bank 9B
a3b1c2
1
1 spent 2 would live 3 would be 4 would have to 5
5 increased 6 were expecting (or expected ) 7 could do 1 You must’ve been
8 did 9 would damage 10 would get 2 It can’t have been
2 3 It might’ve happened
1 If I was/were president … 4 He might’ve been 40 … he can’t have been
2 If we paid … 5 It must’ve been
3 didn’t invest 6 She can’t have been
4 – 7 You must’ve enjoyed
5 we might end racism/we could end racism/we might be
able to end racism
Grammar bank 9C
6 Companies would improve …
7 – 1
1 can’t have been 2 must’ve died 3 may have murdered

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4 might have caused 5 may have liked 6 must’ve been 4

7 can’t have found 8 could’ve fallen 1 –
2 If I had a bigger place, you could stay with me.
Vocabulary 3 If you worked harder, you’d earn more money.
Sport 4 –
5 If they built more roads, it’d make life better.
8a
6 Things would improve if more companies were state
1 swimming – failure (though some may see not drowning run.
as a success!)
2 running – failure (though some may see fifth place as a 5a
success) 1 might’ve heard 2 must’ve trained
3 football – failure 3 can’t have got 4 must’ve been 5 might’ve had
4 motor racing/rallying – failure 6 can’t have been
5 boxing – failure
6 karate/judo, etc. (a martial art) – success 6
7 skiing/snow-boarding – success and then failure
1c 2d 3f 4e 5b 6a
8 probably tennis, but could also be squash, judo,
taekwondo, etc. – failure
9A Develop your listening
Speaking 2
Changes underlined:
9a
1 How happy you are mainly depends on how you were
1 football 2 negative brought up.
2 Research suggests that people who speak a foreign
9D English in action language may be happier and live longer.
3 3 Richer people tend to be happier and healthier than
poorer people.
a2 b3 c1
4 Some scientists claims that good health partly depends
on having good genes.
5 The changes above make all the statements less certain.
1 a say something here b a fair point
2 a you mind b go on c get back 4
3 to bother you 1 and 2
5
6b
2, 3, 4, 6
1 stop 2 moment 3 mind 4 saying
6
9 Check and reflect 1 has tended to 2 suggests that
1a 3 been suggested that 4 it is claimed 5 some argue that
6 on average 7 I’d suggest
1 community 2 violence 3 causes 4 fact
5 discrimination 6 faith
9B Develop your reading
2 2
1 would stop 2 could help 1 raise money
3 got/had (although could get is also possible) 2 No fixed answers required as they’ll be looking at the
4 had (although could have is also possible) techniques used in the next exercise.
5 wouldn’t do
3
6 could go back
Suggested answers:
3a 1 c 2 a 3 b (also c, because of the use of you)
4 e (also c, because of the use of we) 5 d 6 f
1 poverty 2 chaos 3 wealth 4 healthcare
5 tax 6 state 4
1 aT bF cT
2 aF bT cF

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3 aT bF cF 9C Develop your writing

2
6a Suggested answers:
1 new skills 2 apply today 1 C 2 any except C 3 B, D 4 any except B
3 saving money, Sounds impossible 5 B, C, D (A has a roof for use when it rains)
4 Thousands of, almost 90 percent 5 small favour 6 could be any 7 could be any 8 A, C
6 for just 3
1 She went to the Wimbledon tennis tournament. It was a
6b 30th birthday present.
1 c, e 2 f 3 c, e, d 4 a, e 5 c 6 b, c 2 It was a surprise; she didn’t know she was going there
until she arrived.
6c 3 She enjoyed the two matches that they saw and the
whole atmosphere.
b
1 We require just 1–2 hours of your time every week.
4a
2 All of this comes from one simple thing: being vegan.
3 if everyone gave just $3 1 lucky 2 brilliant 3 jealous 4 exciting
c 5 disappointing 6 pleased 7 worried 8 terrified
1 Are you over 18 years old and looking to get more 5a
involved with your local community? Do you enjoy
1 so 2 so 3 Since 4 As 5 due to 6 as a result
working with young people and children? Training will
7 because of
be provided by us. So if you want to make a difference
and share our values … then we are the organisation for
you. 5b
2 reducing your effect on the environment … We at They all express cause and result.
Vegans for Life know that … but we also know … That’s
why we have the Vegan Promise. We’ll send you a daily 6
email … Join us … on your life.
1 As a result
3 We need a little money. We don’t make you pay a
2 so, since, because, as, due to, because of
monthly fee.
3 so … (that)
We keep advertising to a minimum and any profit we
make …
7
We think … most of our reporters … our values … our
readers 1 We enjoyed it so much the first time we went that we
… we could survive … started going every year.
d 2 It was the first time I’d seen them play live, so I was
1 Are you over 18 …? Do you enjoy …? really excited.
2 Who doesn’t want to feel lighter, healthier and fitter? 3 They ended up losing 6–1 because they were really
e terrible.
1 share our values of peace, equality and love of nature 4 As it rained, the whole thing was a bit of a disaster.
2 Who doesn’t want to feel lighter, healthier and fitter? 5 The game was delayed due to an accident in the crowd.
People have questions: What can I eat? How do I cook 6 It was my first time at that kind of event. As a result, I
without meat or dairy? Can I get everything my body didn’t know what to expect.
needs from a vegan diet? 7 Since the president was attending the game, they had
3 we don’t make you pay a monthly fee, we keep very tight security.
advertising to a minimum and any profit we make goes 8 The game went on so long that I had to leave before the
back into the business, real, fair, independent news end!
f
2 Join us and see …
3 Click here to donate.
4
Possible answers: 1 big cheese 2 explode 3 midnight
4 peaceful lake 5 a tree 6 a ghost

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 B1+ Students’ Book answer key

UNIT 10 3 an MP, a leader

4 people to each other, a new animal/plant to an area,
10A A huge influence
new measures, changes
5 Europe, your life, a place, the situation
Vocabulary 6 a machine, a process, a new theory, a new approach,
Influential people a new style
7 a queue, a club, an organisation, a society, an
1
impression
1 A Elvis Presley B Mother Teresa C Marie Curie 8 a place or object for the first time, a new way of doing
D Martin Luther King Jr E Joan of Arc something, a new fact
F Albert Einstein 9 a deal, an agreement, a cheque, a card, an autograph
2 10 slavery, a tax, a system
A a singer 2a
B a nun and missionary 1 was, launched (2007)
C a physicist and chemist 2 was elected (Donald Trump)
D a civil rights activist, assassinated 1968 3 was, invented (China)
E a fourteenth-century military leader 4 was, abolished (1981)
F a mathematician and physicist 5 were, formed (Liverpool)
6 did, invade (1812)
2 7 was, introduced (the 16th century)
1 architect 2 painter 3 military leader 8 did, sign (Neymar)
4 activist 5 trade union leader 6 athlete 9 discovered (Isaac Newton)
7 poet 8 explorer 9 philosopher 10 lawyer 10 did, transform (by inventing the printing press, which
made books widely available for everyone)
Reading
4a Grammar
Rosa Parks text Third conditional
1 There were big differences between the lives that black 5b
and white Americans led and the opportunities that they 1 a Yes
had. b Yes
2 There were strict rules about where non-whites could 2 a No
eat, sit, walk, go to school, etc. b No: might = maybe the same result, maybe someone
3 She was asked to give up her seat to a white person else caused a change
and refused. She was then arrested. 3 a Yes
4 There was huge public anger, which eventually resulted b No
in changes to the law.
Simón Bolivar text Grammar bank 10A
1 Venezuela
1
2 1783–1830
1d 2f 3a 4c 5e 6b
3 helping several Latin American countries become
2
independent
1 hadn’t invaded Russia … wouldn’t have suffered
4 He was a great military leader. He was great at knowing
2 hadn’t become … might/may have become
when to act.
3 might have got … hadn’t arrived late
4 would’ve stayed … hadn’t got
Vocabulary bank 10A
5 would’ve remembered … ’d told me about
History
1a 7
1 launch 2 invade 3 elect 4 introduce 1 hadn’t returned, never have invented
5 transform 6 invent 7 form 8 discover 2 hadn’t been, have become
9 sign 10 abolish 3 not have made, had been
1b 4 hadn’t had, have been
1 missile, satellite, attack, campaign, enquiry, 5 hadn’t been working/hadn’t worked, have been
investigation 6 hadn’t been, have left
2 an island, a building, a space, your thoughts 7 never have gone, hadn’t encouraged

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8 hadn’t been working, never have met, have been Listening

5
8
Speakers 1, 3 and 4 are all answering question 3.
Suggested possible answers:
If Marie Curie hadn’t discovered radium, we wouldn’t have 6
developed X-rays.
1 Speaker 3 2 Speaker 2 3 Speaker 1
If Martin Luther King hadn’t made a speech that day, he
4 Speaker 4 5 Speaker 1
might not have been shot.
If Mother Teresa hadn’t left her native Albania to go to
7
India, she might not have become famous.
If Albert Einstein hadn’t been Jewish, he might have 1 Speakers 1, 2 and 4
returned to Germany. 2 Speaker 2
3 No fixed answers here, but 1 is arguably the best
answer as they explain how the error affected
Speaking
subsequent performance, which the others could do,
9a too. 3 is the weakest as it’s too short, doesn’t follow the
His mother. model and sounds slightly too demanding! Speaker 2
She was important because she loved, supported and could say a bit more about the action and approach to
believed in him; because of her, he became the person he the task.
is today (independent, strong, kind); forced him to practise
piano so he became a professional musician.
Grammar
Should have
10B Interviews 8a
1 should probably have
Reading 2 shouldn’t have
2b 3 should’ve been
4 should’ve planned
1 They ask you to describe events (rather than simply list
5 should just have
things that you have achieved).
2 They reveal more about how you’ve performed in the
8b
past and reveal more about your particular
competencies. 1 past 2 better 3 before
3 Explain the situation and the task. Then talk about the
action you took and the results of that action. 9b
As this task focus is on pronunciation, should’ve is used.
Vocabulary Should have would be the more usual written form.
1 should’ve started
Successes and failures
2 should’ve done
3a 3 shouldn’t have agreed
1 introduced 2 attracted 3 evidence 4 gain 4 should’ve known
5 persuade 6 achieve 7 forced 8 disagreement 5 shouldn’t have been
9 extended 10 grade 11 responsible 12 deadline 6 should probably have asked
13 managed 14 rush 15 standard 7 shouldn’t really have accepted
8 should’ve at least tried
3b
a Question 2 b Question 1 c Question 3 Grammar bank 10B
1
Vocabulary bank 10B 1 should’ve got 2 shouldn’t have forced
Word building 3 should’ve known 4 should’ve delayed
5 shouldn’t have agreed 6 shouldn’t have rushed
1
2
1 qualify 2 correct 3 explode 4 oppose
1 should’ve told them 2 should’ve read
5 react 6 admit
3 shouldn’t have blamed 4 should’ve worn
5 shouldn’t have driven

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10C Describing things Grammar bank 10C

1
1c 2b 3a 4c 5a
Vocabulary
Describing things 7
2a 1 a warm black fur coat
1 designed, value 2 reasonable, battery 2 brown leather walking boots
3 tough, feature 4 ideal, complicated 5 leather, bargain 3 a cheap new Japanese restaurant
6 room, stylish 7 decent, set up 8 automatically, last 4 a funny old French movie
5 a lovely little new café (new little)
2b 6 an ancient white Italian pot
7 an old Mexican silver necklace
Marks may vary – suggestions here – Ss may argue their
8 a small old Swedish wooden table
case.
9 a horrible red leather chair
1 F 5 marks 2 A 2 marks 3 H 5 marks 4 B 3 marks
10 a scary big black spider
5 E 4 marks 6 D 4 marks 7 C 3 or 4 marks 8 G 3 marks

Vocabulary bank 10C Speaking

Colour expressions 9a

1 1 g 2 little, wooden, complicated, uncomfortable

1 the green belt 2 a white-collar job
3 black and blue 4 in the red 5 feeling a bit blue 10D English in action
2 2
1 green 2 black 3 golden 4 blue 5 black
a2 b4 c1 d3
6 black and white
3b
Listening 1 I’d rather 2 Can I give, Shall I 3 That’s very
4 feel free to 5 I’ll make 6 like me to 7 I’d be 8 Let me
3
a Conversation 3: Tappan microwave oven 4a
b Conversation 1: electric cars 1 Do you want me to (help you with that)?
c Conversation 2: lost a ring that’s been in the family for 2 Shall I take your coat?
generations 3 I’d be happy to take you, if you like.
4 Let me get you a fruit juice.
4 5 That’d be lovely.
1 aT bF cT 6 Would you mind?
2 aT bF cF 7 Don’t worry. I’m OK.
3 aT bF cF 8 It’s OK. There’s no need – really.
9 Thanks for the offer, but I’m fine.
10 I’d rather try and do it myself.
Grammar
Adjective word order 10 Check and reflect
5a 1a
1 stylish little Japanese 1c 2b 3d 4e 5a 6g 7h 8f
2 beautiful small gold
3 useless ancient white 2a
a adjectives giving opinions
1 not have got, hadn’t been
b three
2 had left, not have gone
c
3 hadn’t been working, wouldn’t have got
1 How big is it? Where’s it from?
4 have travelled, had studied
2 How big is it? What’s it made of?
5 wouldn’t have met, hadn’t been studying
3 How old is it? What colour is it?

3a
1f 2g 3b 4a 5c 6d 7h 8e

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4 10B Develop your reading

1 should’ve trained 2 shouldn’t have said 2
3 shouldn’t have eaten 4 should, have taken
1d 2e 3a 4b 5f
5 should’ve complained
6 shouldn’t have been, should have listened
3
5 You can avoid repeating by using different referents:
1 value 2 bargain 3 designed 4 lasts alternative names, general nouns and pronouns.
5 complicated (or confusing or complex) 6 ideal
4
6 pensioners: Pillemer’s pensioners, those interviewed,
1 – retired people, the old people
2 She lives in a lovely little Greek village. mentors: ex-criminals, older Ss, adult volunteers,
3 I bought an old red coat in the market. experienced staff, a role model
4 –
5 She was wearing a lovely black and white dress. 5
6 For his birthday, I got him some big black leather
the findings, the Legacy project, It (line 21),
walking boots.
Professor Pillemer’s work, the Cornell research

10A Develop your listening

6
3a
1 it = worrying; them = the old people interviewed for the
1 Ss own answers research
2 They’re all built with concrete – the most widely used 2 they = the old people interviewed; in such a way =
material in the world. bankruptcy from a failed business
3 the history of concrete, why it’s popular, its impact (on 3 Many = many of the old people interviewed
societies), some of the problems (with its increasing 4 their = the wise words of the old people interviewed
use) 5 they = the ex-criminals/addicts; the kids = the young
4 people who’ve been arrested
1 8,000+ 2 1,300 3 factories 4 popularity 6 They = people who have a mentor; someone like them =
5 shapes 6 stronger 7 burn 8 cheap the person who is mentoring them
7 it = mentoring
6b 8 they = people who are young today; their = the offices of
1 T – Concrete floors are healthier than dirt floors, where the people who are young today
diseases can develop.
2 T – They are easier/quicker to clean (and women tend 8a
to be the homeworkers).
1 get 2 set 3 went 4 pass 5 paired 6 taken
3 T – Concrete roads enable children to get to school.
7 taken 8 gone
4 T – It uses a lot of energy and releases a lot of CO2 into
the atmosphere.
10C Develop your writing
5 F – They have a shorter life, water gets inside, buildings
break more easily. 1
6 F – Many believe concrete can lead to ugly architecture. A ready meal B tablets/medication C camera
But there is beautiful concrete architecture (e.g. the D mobile phone E clock F tank G video game
Sydney Opera House and Oscar Niemeyer’s Brazilian
government buildings).
7 T – Governments can and should have stricter rules so 3
that only the best concrete is used. 1 One invention that changed the course of history, but is
8 F – Concrete’s wide range of functions will continue to no longer used today.
make it an incredibly popular material. Write about three things: two ways it changed history
and why it’s no longer used.
Need to talk about: the history, the reasons why
something happened and the effects it had
2 Development of ready meals and growth of ready-meal

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market phones, and these photos get shared all over the
Four things: two issues that might cause sales to drop internet. Furthermore, they get stored on strangers’
and how to avoid them computers.
Need to talk about: the history, problems and their 3 Apart from reducing our privacy, having so many
effects on sales, reasons why something happens, cameras and photos makes us obsessed with our
solutions image.
3 Impact of a widely-used object 4 People do not just select photos, they also use editing
Two areas: impacts the object has had on two key software to improve their image. Moreover, there is
areas. some evidence that this negatively affects our self-
Need to talk about: history, effects image.
Need to show whether effects were positive or negative
4 How one of the objects has had a negative impact on
life today
Give examples of negative effects and then give details
of how to overcome two
Need to talk about: problem, why something is
happening, effects, solutions
Need to show how/why effects are negative

4
1

6
1 question 3
2 society and the environment
3 second paragraph: positive impact on society
third paragraph: negative impact on society
fourth paragraph: negative impact on the environment
fifth paragraph: summary of main points of the essay

7
1e 2b 3d 4c 5a

9a
1
a As well as, not only … but also
b Furthermore
c As well as
2
a and b, the comma comes in the middle of the sentence,
dividing the two clauses (a: after lives; b: after world)
c, after Furthermore

9b
a Apart from
b do not just (to replace not only)
c Moreover

10
1 There are millions of cameras spying on us not only on
most streets, but also in most shops and at every cash
machine.
2 People are constantly taking photos and selfies on their

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