01 - How C++ Works
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2219401 - How C++ Works
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2219401_how c++ works
• solution
– group of projects related to each other
• various project types
– work bench
– each project
• group of files
• complies intro a target binary
– library
– executable
# include <iostream>
intro
• direct control over hardware
• pass code into compiler
– output machine code for target-platform
• instructions that cpu perform
• wide platform support
• c# of java run on a virtual machine
– code gets compiled into an intermediate language first
– buy an english book
• with a translator
• native languages like c++
– translate the book in english
– compiler produces machine code for that target platform and architecture
– no translation requires
– just push cpu intructions into cpu
• from source to executable
– source
– binary executable (program of binary)
executable binaries
• preproccessor statements
– look at the file “iostream”
– take its contents and paste then into the file
– called header files
– iostream
• declaration for function cout
– print stuff onto console
• main function
– called th eentry point
– starts executing code inside this function
– in the order
– dependent on control flow statement = calls to other functions
– code gets executed line by line
• return type for main in “int”
– but the main function is a special case
– you don’t return any kind of value from main function
• it will assume that you’re returning 0
• [only applies to main function]
• int main()
• {
– std::cout << “fuck my life” << std::endl;
– std:: cin.get();
– return 0;
• }
• <<-operator
– think of it as a function
– operators are functions
– << = print
– “Hello world” = parameter
– fuck is a paramenter
• push the hello string into cout
• push the endl
• std:: cin.get();
– waits for us to enter someting
• stages
• preproccessor gets evaluated
– includes contents of iostream file into this file
drop-down menus
• compiler transforms code into machine code
– solution configurations
• debug
• release
– optimizatons is turned on
– solution platform
• x86
• win32
• configuration
– set of [rules] that applies to the building of a project
– defines the compilation for that platform
– configuration type
• appplication
• library
• solution platform
– what platform is targeted with our targeted compilation
– x86-targets windows x32
– build/deploy/debug on android->platform wpuld be android
• cpp file gets compiled
• header filed do not get compiled
• [rules we can change]
– properties
– define rules used to build certain configuration and platrofms
– configuratyion type
• type of binary created
– application = executable binary
• configuration and platform area
– active(debug)
– win32=x86
• optimization debug vs release
– release = max speed
– debut - disabled
• obj file
– in the debug folder
• exe file
– in the solution directory
• debug folder
• compiler
– cpp files
– compiled individual
• individual obj files
– compiled into an object file-stitched-by linker
• linker
– takes obj files
– glues them
• compile files individually
– ctrl+f7
• build files into the debug folder
– obj
– pdb
• if building the entire project
– transforms into exe
• declarations
– statements that say that smth exists
• definition
– this is what it is
– the body of a functions
• [how does the compiler knows we have the right file]
• linker
– find the definition of that log function
– wires it to the Log function in the main file
– alternatively there is a [linker error]
• function’s signature details
– calling convention
• "void **__cdecl** Log(char const *)"
– parameter: const char pointer
– actual ID
• (?Log@@YAXPBD@Z) referenced in function _main
• unresolved external symbol called log
– return value
• void
– these parameter
• char const *
– referenced in main
– linker unable to resolve a signal
["void __cdecl Log(char const *)"(?Log@@YAXPBD@Z) referenced in function _main]
• debug
– 2 obj files
• common binary
– debug
• exe