LAW ON SALES
COURSE OUTLINE
                             — Atty. Karen T. Elnas —
I.     INTRODUCTION
       A. Definition of Sales (Arts. 1458, 1470)
       B. Characteristics of a Contract of Sale
       C. Essential Requisites of a Contract of Sale (Art. 1505)
       D. Stages of Contract of Sale
       E. Obligations Created – (Art. 1165)
       F. Sale is Title and Not Mode
       G. Sale Distinguished from other Contracts
          1. Barter
          2. Donation
          3. Contract for piece of work
          4. Agency to Sell
          5. Lease
       H. Kinds of Sale
          1. Absolute
          2. Conditional
             i.       Contract to Sell vs. Contract of Sale (Art. 1466)
       CASES:
           § Sps. Pingol vs. CA, G.R. No. 102909, September 6, 1993
           § Dignos vs. CA, G.R. No. L-59266, February 29, 1988
           § Hulst vs. PR Buildiers, G.R. No. 156364, September 3, 2007
II.    OBJECT OF SALE
       A.   Subject Matter must be Licit (Art. 1459)
       B.   Subject Matter must be Determinate (Art. 1460)
       C.   Sale of the Thing having Potential Existence
       D.   Sale of Hope or Expectancy (Art. 1461)
            1. Emptio Rei Speretae
            2. Emptio Spei
       E.   Sale of Existing and Future Goods (Art. 1462)
       F.   Sale of Undivided Interest (Art. 1462)
       G.   Sale of Fungible Goods (Art. 1464)
       H.   Sale of Things Subject to a Resolutory Condition (Art. 1465)
III.   PRICE
       A.   Meaning of Price (Arts. 1469-1474)
       B.   Requisites for a Valid Price
       C.   Certainty of Price (Art. 1469-1574)
       D.   Who May Determine the Price (Art. 1473-1474)
       E.   Gross Inadequacy of Price (Art. 1470)
       F.   Effect when Price is Simulated
       G.   Certainty of Price of Securities, Grains, Liquids, etc. (Art. 1472)
       H.   Effect of Failure to Determine Price (Art. 1474)
       I.   Meeting of Minds as to Price
       J.   Manner of Payment Must be Agreed Upon
                                                                LAW ON SALES SYLLABUS
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