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Pre-Lab Work:: Experiment

The document outlines pre-lab work on the I/O relation of OP-AMPs, I-V characteristics of diodes, hysteresis in circuits, and voltage rectifiers. It details a series of experiments involving voltage comparators, Zener diodes, Schmitt triggers, and rectifiers, highlighting key observations and results from each experiment. The findings include the behavior of output waveforms and the transformation of half-wave to full-wave rectification.

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Amanda
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32 views1 page

Pre-Lab Work:: Experiment

The document outlines pre-lab work on the I/O relation of OP-AMPs, I-V characteristics of diodes, hysteresis in circuits, and voltage rectifiers. It details a series of experiments involving voltage comparators, Zener diodes, Schmitt triggers, and rectifiers, highlighting key observations and results from each experiment. The findings include the behavior of output waveforms and the transformation of half-wave to full-wave rectification.

Uploaded by

Amanda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pre-Lab Work:

I/O relation of an OP-AMP:


Output signal will be equal to the input signal times the amplifier’s gain.

I-V characteristics of a diode and a Zener diode:


Looking at their I-V characteristics, the Zener diode has a region at reverse bias and it
is almost constant negative voltage no matter the value of the current flowing through the
diode and remains almost constant also with large alterations in the current. On the other
hand, when the diode is forward biased, anode positive with respect to the cathode, a forward
or positive current passes through the diode and operates in the top right quadrant of its I-V
characteristics curve.

Hysteresis:
It is the change in the transfer characteristics of a circuit. (usually op-amps). It is
important because it represents a natural method of sorting information in a circuit. We can
see this in memristors (it is an electronic device that controls the integral relationship between
resistance and voltage). For a given voltage, we can have TWO possible values of current.
Which current we observe depends on the past events that occurred in the system.

Voltage rectifier:
It is an electrical device which converts alternation current, reversing the direction
periodically, to direct current, that flows in only one direction. Rectification serves in roles
different than generating DC for use as a source of power.

Experiment

In this experiment, we observed nonlinear applications of operational amplifiers.

In experiment 1, we constructed a voltage comparator circuit and compared the input and
output waveforms. The input had a triangular form where the output and the Vref had a
square form of graph. You can look at the lab sheet attached at the end of the report to see the
graphs.

In experiment 2, We added Zener diodes to the circuit and compared our output with the
initial experiment results.

In experiment 3, we constructed a Schmitt trigger circuit. We observed hysteresis here and we


plotted it. The hysteresis observed was 0.26 V.

In experiment 4, we observed a square graph at our output and this can be observed on the
data sheet attached at the end of the report.

In experiment 5, we had a more complex task to do. We observed sinusoidal graphs for input
and output voltages. We transformed the half-wave rectifier into a full wave rectifier. The full
wave rectifier output is equal to R3/2R1 *V1. This result changes depending on the resistance
we used.

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