CHAPTER- TISSUES (Class-9)
SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL
S. P MODEL HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, M.A Road, Srinagar
(Teacher: Burhana Rashid)
Q1. What is a tissue?
Ans: A group of cells common in origin and structure and perform similar function is called a
tissue. Example: blood, xylem.
Q2. What is the utility of tissues in a multicellular organism?
Ans: A multi-cellular organism is made up of many different types of cells. Each cell carries out
a specific function. A group of cells that carries out a specific function is called a tissue.
Different tissues carry out different functions. This is called division of labour. A tissue gives the
highest possible efficiency of function in multi-cellular organisms.
Q3. Name the types of simple tissues?
Ans: Simple tissues are of three types:
i. Parenchyma
ii. Collenchyma
iii. Sclerenchyma
Q4. Where is apical meristem found?
Ans: Apical meristem is found at the growing tips of stems and roots. It helps in increasing the
length of stem and root.
Q5. What is husk of coconut made of?
Ans: The husk of coconut is made up of sclerenchymatous tissue.
Q6. What is Phloem made-up of?
Ans: Phloem is made up four types of elements. They are:
(i) Sieve tubes
(ii) Companion cells
(iii) Phloem parenchyma
(iv) Phloem fibres.
Q7. Name a tissue responsible for movement in our body.
Ans.Muscular tissue helps in the movement of our body.
Q8. What does a neuran look like?
Ans. A neuron or a nerve cell consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm. It is also
called as cyton. Many long thin hair-like cytoplasmic extensions arise from the cell body called
as dendrites. A single long extension is called the axon.
Q9. Give three features of cardiac muscles?
Ans. Features of cardiac muscles:
i. Cardiac muscles show rhythmic contraction and relaxation throughout the life.
ii. They are cylindrical, branched and uninucleated.
iii. Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles.
Q10.What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Ans. Areolar tissues are found between the skin and muscle as well as around the blood vessels.
This tissue fills the gap between the organs and protects the internal organs. It also repairs the
damaged tissues.
Q11. Define the term “tissue”.
Ans. A group of cells common in origin and structure and performs similar function is called a
tissue. Example: blood, xylem.
Q12. How many typesof elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
Ans. Four types of elements together make up xylem tissue. These are:
(i) Tracheids (ii) Vessels (iii) Xylem parenchyma (iv) Xylem fibres.
Q13. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?
Ans. Differences between simple and complex plant tissues-
Simple tissues Complex tissues
1. Simple tissues are made up of only one
1. Complex tissues are made up of more than one
type of cells.
type of cells.
2. All cells have same origin and are similar
2. The cells of complex tissues have different origin
in structure.
as well as structure.
3. Example-Parenchyma, collenchyma, and
3. Example-Xylem and phloem.
sclerenchyma.
Q14.Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell
wall.
Ans. The difference is as follows:
Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma
i. Cells of collenchyma tissues are i. Cells of sclerenchyma are
i. Cells of prenchyma tissues
elongated and irregularly thicknend dead and have thick cell
are unspecialised with thin
at the corners. wall.
cell walls.
ii. It has deposition of pectin at ii. The cell walls have
ii. It is made up of cellulose.
corner. deposition of lignin.
Q15.What are the functions of the stomata?
Ans. The two main functions of stomata are:
Exchange of gases with the atmosphere.
Loss of water during transpiration.
Q16. Diagrammatically show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres.
Ans.
(a) Striated Muscle
(b) Smooth Muscle
(c) Cardiac Muscle
Q17. Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardic muscles on the basis of their structure
and location in the body.
Ans. The differences are as follows:
Striated muscle Unstriated muscle Cardiac muscle
Structure:
Structure: Structure:
1. The cells are shorts,
1. The fibres or cells are long and 1. The cells are long, narrow, and
cylindrical and
cylindrical with multiple nuclei spindle-shaped and uninucleate.
unincleate.
present at the periphery. 2. The fibres or cells are
2. The cells are
2. The fibres or cells are unbranched. unbranched.
branched.
3. Striations with light and dark band 3. Strations are absent.
3.Striations are present
are present. Location: They are present in
but not very distinct.
Location: They are present in hand, walls of stomach, intestine, ureter
Location: They are
feet and other skeletal muscles. and bronchi.
present in the heart.
Q18. Draw a labeled diagram of a neuron.
Q19.Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.
Ans. The cells of parenchyma are living cells and are usually loosely packed. This tissue is
mainly found in all soft parts of the plant such as roots, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc. It is also
found in the ground tissue of petioles, mesophyll of leaves as well as in vascular bundles.
Q20.What is the role of epidermis in plants?
Ans. Several layers of epidermal cells constitute the cork. These cells are dead and compactly
arranged without intercellular spaces. They also possess a chemical called suberin in their walls
which makes them impervious to water and gases.
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