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R E V I E W S H E E T
EXERCISE
NAME ____________________________________ Respiratory System
LAB TIME/DATE ________________________
Mechanics
Pulmonary Function Tests
The following questions refer to Activity 1: Measuring Respiratory Volumes.
1. What activity are you simulating when you click the ERV button? ______________________________________________
What additional muscles are used in this activity? ___________________________________________________________
2. What was the MRV calculated in Activity 1? ______________________________________________________________
3. What does the pump rate simulate? ______________________________________________________________________
The following questions refer to Activity 2: Examining the Effect of Changing Airway Resistance on Respiratory Volumes.
4. How did changing the radius effect FEV1 (%)? _____________________________________________________________
5. What was the FEV1 at a radius of 5.00 mm? _______________________________________________________________
6. Do the results suggest that there is an obstructive or restrictive problem? Explain.
Simulating Factors Affecting Respirations
The following questions refer to Activity 3: Examining the Effect of Surfactant.
7. What effect does the addition of surfactant have on the airflow? _______________________________________________
8. Why does surfactant affect airflow? _____________________________________________________________________
9. Why do premature infants have difficulty breathing? ________________________________________________________
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The following questions refer to Activity 4: Investigating Intrapleural Pressure.
10. What effect does opening the valve have on the left lung? Why does this happen?
11. What condition does opening the valve simulate? ___________________________________________________________
12. What is the value of the pressure in the left lung when the valve is opened? ______________________________________
13. What happened to the total flow when the valve was opened? _________________________________________________
14. In the last part of this activity, when the reset button was clicked, what procedure would be used with real lungs? _____________
Simulating Variations in Breathing
The following questions refer to Activity 5: Exploring Various Breathing Patterns.
15. What was the value of the PCO2 with rapid breathing? _______________________________________________________
How does this compare to the value with normal breathing? Explain any differences.
16. What was the value of the PCO2 with rebreathing? __________________________________________________________
Explain any difference. _______________________________________________________________________________
17. What happened to the rate of respirations with rebreathing? ___________________________________________________
Why do you think this happened? (Hint: Think about the effects of chemoreceptors in the body). ______________________
18. What was the value of the PCO2 with breath holding? Explain any difference.
19. Was there a change in the rate of respirations when the breathing was resumed?
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The following questions refer to Activity 6: Comparative Spirometry.
20. What was the value obtained for the (FEV1/FVC) 100% with “normal breathing”?
21. What effect did “emphysema breathing” have on FVC and FEV1?
22. In “emphysema breathing” which of the two values, FVC and FEV1 changed the most? _____________________________
23. What effect did “acute asthma attack breathing” have on FVC and FEV1?
24. In “acute asthma attack breathing” which of the two values, FVC and FEV1 changed the most? ______________________
25. Describe the effect that the inhaler medication had on the FVC and FEV1.
26. Did the values return to “normal”? Explain. _______________________________________________________________
27. During “moderate exercise breathing,” which volumes changed the most?
28. During “heavy exercise breathing,” which volumes changed the most?
