BASIC FIRE FIGHTING COURSE
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
• Hose
• Branches
• Hydrants
• Fire pump
Types of Hose
It is used to deliver water from its source to wherever it is
required for firefighting purposes.
• Delivery Hose
• Hose-Reel Hose
• Suction Hose
Required features of hose
• Reliability in use
• Handling and Storage
• Durability
• Friction loss
Delivery Hose
It is also known as soft suction
Traditional delivery hose is constructed by using mainly natural fibers like
cotton or flax. It is prone to rotting under damp storage conditions.
Modern hose is made from synthetic yarns, especially Polyester and
Nylon, Which is not prone to rotting and has extra strength. It has a
thinner linings, lesser weight and coil diameter.
Sizes:
25 or 30 metres in length
45mm or 70mm in diameter
It is fitted with standard instantaneous couplings
Hose-Reel Hose
It is a delivery hose of small diameter (normally 19mm)
that is carried on a rotating drum.
It consists of 3 delivery hoses which are joined together
18 metres of length in each hose
It is fitted with Hermaphrodite or MacDonald couplings.
Suction Hose
Modern suction hose is made from heavy duty PVC with a high tensile carbon
steel helix.
It is designed to resist external pressure and is used exclusively between the
water supply and the pump.
Size
6 or 8 metres in length
100 mm in diameter .
Fitted with threaded couplings and require the use of suction wrenches to secure
Handling fire hose
General rules:
Always under-run the hose before rolling and re-stowing.
If the hose has been used with foam or salt water systems, always
flush out thoroughly with clean water.
Do not drive vehicles over hose.
Hose ramps should be used to deploy hose across roads.
Do not kink hoses around corners under pressure.
Hose should be deployed as straight as possible.
Fire hose accessories
• Different coupling
• Suction wrench
• Lugs
• Strainer
• Dividing breaching
• Branches
Branches
• Its ranging from simple nozzles to complex foam making branches
• The standard type is the hand-controlled branch
• It provides velocity at the end of the hose to project the firefighting
media to where it is required.
• The diffuser nozzle can be rotated to select a spray pattern that
suits the operational circumstances.
• Shut-off valve
Gives firefighter the ability to close down the branch and to move position more
safely, conserve water supplies and reduce water damage.
•
FIRE HYDRANTS
• It is used to provide a link from below ground water mains
to where the water is required above ground.
• There are various types of hydrant and means of
identifying their location.
• The two main types of hydrant are:
– Screw down hydrant
– Sluice valve hydrants
– Pillar Hydrants
Screw Down Hydrants
This is the most common type of hydrants used.
It is attached directly to the main, which is provided at the chosen
point.
A mushroom type valve closes on a seating in the base of the
hydrant body just above the inlet flange.
Screw Down Hydrants
A valve is attached to False
the lower end of a spindle
screwed stem and is spindle
lifted from its seating by
the rotation of a hollow
spindle into which the
stem screws until it is gland
clear of the waterway. Stuffing
box
The outlet is bolted to
the upper end of a bend guide
leading from the valve stem
seating.
Drain
The hydraulic efficiency boss washer
of this type varies
greatly with the design of
valve and outlet bends.
Sluice Valve Hydrant
This type of hydrant is not placed
above the main. It is placed spindle
alongside the main, on a short gland
branch. Stuffing box
In this type the water flows
Frost valve
wedge
horizontally past the valve. Not
vertically as in the screw down
type.
It consists of three main castings, The opening and closing of the
waterway is affected by means of a
The inlet piece gate or wedge.
The sluice valve This hydrant is hydraulically very
efficient.
The duck foot bend
HYDRANT MARKER PLATES
Hydrant Marker Plates are yellow
with black characters or digits.
Top Number:
The size of the main in mm
Bottom Number:
The distance between the plate
and the hydrant in metres
Colour:
Black on a yellow background
