Taekwondo
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Taekwondo
Highest governing body World Taekwondo (South Korea)
First played Korea, 1940s
Characteristics
Contact Yes
Mixed gender Yes
Type Martial art
Presence
Country or region Worldwide
Olympic Since 2000
World Games 1981–1993
Taekwondo
Taekwondo.svg
Milad Kharchegani at the 2016 Summer Olympics.jpg
A taekwondo contest at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Also known as TKD, Tae Kwon Do, Tae Kwon-Do, Taekwon-Do, Tae-Kwon-Do
Focus Striking, kicking
Hardness Full-contact (WT), Light and medium-contact (ITF, GTF, ATA, TI, TAGB)
Country of origin Korea
Creator No single creator; a collaborative effort by representatives from the
original nine Kwans, initially supervised by Choi Hong Hi.[1]
Parenthood Mainly Taekkyon and Karate,[a] and slight influence of Chinese martial
arts[2]
Olympic sport Since 2000 (World Taekwondo)
Taekwondo
Hangul 태권도
Hanja 跆拳道
Revised Romanization taegwondo
McCune–Reischauer t'aekwŏndo
IPA [tʰɛ.k͈wʌn.do] (About this soundlisten)
Taekwondo, Tae Kwon Do or Taekwon-Do (/ˌtaɪkwɒnˈdoʊ, ˌtaɪˈkwɒndoʊ/;[3][4][5]
Korean: 태권도/跆拳道 [tʰɛ.k͈wʌn.do] (About this soundlisten)) is a Korean martial
art, characterized by punching and kicking techniques, with emphasis on head-height
kicks, jumping spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. The literal translation
for tae kwon do is "kicking," "punching," and "the art or way of."[6] It is a
martial art that attacks or defends with hands and feet anytime, anywhere without
any weapons, and the purpose of physical training is important, but it also has
great significance in fostering the right mind through mental armament.[7]
Taekwondo practitioners wear a uniform, known as a dobok. It is a combat sport and
was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by Korean martial artists with experience
in martial arts such as karate, Chinese martial arts, and indigenous Korean martial
arts traditions such as Taekkyon, Subak, and Gwonbeop.[8][9] The oldest governing
body for Taekwondo is the Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA), formed in 1959 through
a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original kwans, or martial
arts schools, in Korea. The main international organisational bodies for Taekwondo
today are the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF), founded by Choi Hong Hi in
1966, and the partnership of the Kukkiwon and World Taekwondo (WT, formerly World
Taekwondo Federation or WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the Korea
Taekwondo Association.[10] Gyeorugi ([kjʌɾuɡi]), a type of full-contact sparring,
has been an Olympic event since 2000. The governing body for Taekwondo in the
Olympics and Paralympics is World Taekwondo.
Contents
1 History
2 Features
2.1 Theory of power
2.2 Typical curriculum
3 Equipment and facilities
4 Styles and organizations
4.1 1946: Traditional Taekwondo
4.2 1966: ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo
4.3 1969: ATA/Songahm-style Taekwondo
4.4 1970s: Jhoon Rhee-style Taekwondo
4.5 1972: Kukki-style / WT-Taekwondo
4.6 Other styles and hybrids
5 Forms (patterns)
6 Ranks, belts, and promotion
7 Historical influences
8 Philosophy
9 Competition
9.1 World Taekwondo (WT) Competition
9.2 International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) Competition
9.3 Multi-discipline competition
9.4 Other organizations
9.5 Weight divisions
10 Korean Taekwondo vocabulary
11 See also
12 Notes
13 References
14 External links
History
