Krok 1 – 2014 Anatomy Base

1. A patient has a right-sided fracture in the region of the frontal third of

mandible accompanied by a haematoma in the region of chin. It is caused by
the injury of the following artery:
A. Mental
B. Inferior labial
C. Lingual
D. Facial
E. Palatine

2. Children often have heavy nasal breathing resulting from excessive

development of lymphoid tissue of pharyngeal mucous membrane. What
tonsils growth may cause this effect?
A. Tonsilla pharyngea
B. Tonsilla palatina
C. Tonsilla lingualis
D. Tonsilla tubaria
E. All above mentioned tonsils

3. In course of laparotomy a surgeon revealed gangrenous lesion of descending

colon. It was caused by thrombosis of the following artery:
A. Sinister colic
B. Median colic
C. Dexter colic
D. Ileocolic
E. Superior mesenteric artery

4. As a result of a cold a patient has the abnormal pain and temperature

sensitivity of the frontal 2/3 of his tongue. Which nerve must have been
damaged?
A. Trigeminus
B. Sublingual
C. Accessory
D. Vagus
E. Glossopharyngeal

5. A patient with a stab wound of the anterior stomach wall is in surgical care.
What formation of abdominal cavity did the stomach contents get into?
A. Antegastrial bursa
B. Omental bursa
C. Hepatic bursa
D. Left mesenteric sinus
E. Right mesenteric sinus
6. A patient has tissue ischemia below the knee joint accompanied with
intermittent claudication. What artery occlusion should be suspected?
A. Popliteal artery
B. Peroneal artery
C. Posterior tibial artery
D. Anterior tibial artery
E. Proximal part of femoral artery

7. After a trauma of soft tissues in the region of the posterior sorface of medial
condyle of humerus a patient has got a skin prickle of medial forearm surface.
Which of the listed nerves is located in the affected region?
A. N.ulnaris
B. N.musculocutaneu
C. N.dorsalis scapularis
D. N.subscapularis
E. N.radialis

8. A female patient with a tumour of pancreas has developed mechanic jaundice

resulting from compression of a bile-excreting duct. Which duct is
compressed?
A. Ductus choledochus
B. Ductus cysticus
C. Ductus hepaticus communis
D. Ductus hepaticus dexter
E. Ductus hepaticus sinister

9. A 28-year-old woman has been diagnosed with extrauterine pregnancy

complicated by tha fallopian tube rupture. The blood is most likely to penetrate
the following peritoneal space:
A. Rectouterine
B. Vesicouterine
C. Right mesenteric sinus
D. Left mesenteric sinus
E. Intersigmoid sinus

10. Examination of a 2-year-old child revealed physical developmental lag, the

child often has pneumonias. The child was diagnosed with nonclosure of
ductus arteriosus. Haemodynamics disorder was caused by the
intercommunication of the following vessels:
A. Aorta and pulmonary trunk
B. Pulmonary trunk and pulmonary veins
C. Superior cava and aorta
D. Superior cava and pulmonary trunk
E. Aorta and pulmonary veins

11. Inflammation of the tympanic cavity (purulent otitis media) was complicated
 by inflammation of mammillary process sockets. What wall of tympanic cavity
did the pus penetrate into the sockets through?
A. Posterior
B. Anterior
C. Medial
D. Lateral
E. Superior

12. It is necessary to take the cerebrospinal fluid from a patient with suspected
inflammation of brain tunics. Diagnostic puncture was performed between the
arches of the lumbar vertebras. During the puncture the needle went through
the following ligament:
A. Yellow (flaval)
B. Iliolumbar
C. Anterior longitudinal
D. Posterior longitudinal
E. Intertransverse

13. Nowadays about 50 minor bases have been found in the t-RNA structure
besides the main four nitrogenous bases. Choose the minor nitrogenous base:
A. Dihydrouracil
B. Uracil
C. Cysteine
D. Adenine
E. Cytosine

14. A patient operated on complicated appendicitis has the following changes of

blood count: erythrocytes - 4,0* 101 2/l, Нb - 120 g/l, color index - 0,9,
leukocytes – 18* 109 /l, basophils - 0, eosinophils - 0, myelocytes - 0, juvenile -
0, stab neutrophils - 20, segmentonuclear neutrophils - 53, lymphocytes - 21,
monocytes - 5. How is such nuclear shift of leukocytic formula called?
A. Degenerative left shift
B. Right shift
C. Regenerative left shift
D. Hyperregenerative
E. Regeneratively-degenerative

15. An old woman was hospitalized with acute pain, edema in the right hip joint;
the movements in the joint are limited. Which bone or part of it was broken?
A. The neck of the thigh
B. The body of the thigh bone
C. Condyle of the thigh
D. Pubic bone
E. Ischial bone

16. A 53-year-old female patient was diagnosed with liver rupture resulting from
 a blunt abdominal injury. The escaped blood will be assembled in the following
anatomic formation:
A. Rectouterine pouch
B. Vesicouterine pouch
C. Right mesenteric sinus
D. Omental bursa
E. Left mesenteric sinus

17. A patient complains about edemata of legs, skin cyanosis, small ulcers on one
side of the lateral condyle. Examination revealed a swelling, enlarged veins,
formation of nodes. The pathological process has started in the following vein:
A. V. saphena parva
B. V. saphena magna
C. V. femoralis
D. V. profunda femoris
E. V. iliaca externa

18. A 70-year-old female patient was diagnosed with fracture of left femoral neck
accompanied by disruption of ligament of head of femur. The branch of the
following artery is damaged:
A. Obturator
B. Femoral
C. External iliac
D. Inferior gluteal
E. Internal pudendal

19. A woman underwent an operation on account of extrauterine (tubal)

pregnancy. In course of the operation the surgeon should ligate the branches
of the following arteries:
A. Uterine and ovarian
B. Superior cystic and ovarian
C. Inferior cystic and ovarian
D. Uterine and superior cystic
E. Uterine and inferior cystic

20. A 6-month old baby ill with bronchitis was taken for an X-ray of chest. Apart
of changes associated with bronchi the X-ray film showed a shadow of thymus
gland. What might have caused such changes?
A. The above-mentioned condition is a normal variant for this age
B. It's the effect of bronchitis
C. It is caused by abnormal position
D. It is caused by thymus inflammation
E. It is caused by neoplastic process

21. A patient suffering from chronic myeloleukemia has got the following
symptoms of anemia: decreased number of erythrocytes and low haemoglobin
 concentration, oxyphilic and polychromatophilic normocytes, microcytes.
What is the leading pathogenetic mechanism of anemia development?
A. Substitution of haemoblast
B. Intravascular hemolysis of erythrocytes
C. Deficiency of vitamin B1 2
D. Reduced synthesis of erythropoietin
E. Chronic haemorrhage

22. A 7-year-old girl has signs of anemia. Laboratory examination revealed

pyruvate kinase deficiency in erythrocytes. What process disturbance plays the
main role in anemia development?
A. Anaerobic glycolysis
B. Oxidative phosphorylation
C. Tissue respiration
D. Peroxide decomposition
E. Aminoacids desamination

23. A patient complained about being unable to adduct and abduct fingers in the
metacarpophalangeal articulations towards and away from the 3rd finger.
Which muscles' function is impaired?
A. Interosseous muscles
B. Lumbrical muscles
C. Breviflexors of fingers
D. Long flexors of fingers
E. Extensors

24. While examining foot blood supply a doctor checks the pulsation of a large
artery running in the separate fibrous channel in front of articulatio
talocruralis between the tendons of long extensor muscles of hallux and toes.
What artery is it?
A. a dorsalis pedis
B. a tibialis anterior
C. a tarsea medialis
D. a tarsea lateralis
E. a fibularis

25. Microspecimen of spinal cord contains a nucleus that should be analyzed. Its
neurons form motor endings in the skeletal muscles. What nucleus of spinal
cord is meant?
A. Proper nucleus of the anterior horn
B. Thoracic nucleus
C. Intermediate lateral nucleus
D. Proper nucleus of the posterior horn
E. Proper nucleus of gray substance

26. A man with cut wound of his right foot sole was admitted to the hospital ward.
 The patient has limited elevation of the lateral foot edge. In course of wound
management the injury of a muscle tendon was revealed. What muscle is
injured?
A. Long peroneal
B. Anterior tibial
C. Long extensor muscle of toes
D. Triceps muscle of crus
E. Short peroneal

27. A comminuted fracture of infraglenoid tubercle caused by shoulder joint injury

has been detected during X-ray examination of a patient. What muscle tendon
attached at this site has been damaged?
A. Long head of m. triceps brachii
B. Long head of m. biceps brachii
C. Medial head of m. triceps brachii
D. Lateral head of m. triceps brachii
E. Short head of m. biceps brachii

28. A 35-year-old man with a trauma of his left hand was admitted to the
traumatology department. Objectively: cut wound of palmar surface of left
hand; middle phalanxes of II–V fingers don't bend. What muscles are
damaged?
A. Superficial finger flexor
B. Profound finger flexor
C. Lumbrical muscles
D. Palmar interosseous muscles
E. Dorsal interosseous muscles

29. A 38-year-old patient came to a traumatology centre and complained about an

injury of his right hand. Objectively: the patient has a cut wound in the region
of the thenar eminence on the right hand; distal phalanx of the I finger cannot
be flexed. What muscle was injured?
A. Long flexor muscle of thumb
B. Short flexor muscle of thumb
C. Short abductor muscle of thumb
D. Opposer muscle of thumb
E. Abductor muscle of thumb

30. A patient with neuritis of femoral nerve has disturbed flexion of thigh as well
as disturbed crus extension in the knee joint. What muscle's function is
disturbed?
A. Quadriceps muscle of thigh
B. Biceps muscle of thigh
C. Triceps muscle of thigh
D. Semitendinous muscle
E. Semimembranous muscle
 31. A 42-year-old male with a lesion of the ulnar nerve is unable to flex the II and
V fingers to the midline. Which muscle function is impaired in this case?
A. Palmar interosseous muscles
B. Dorsal interosseous muscle
C. Fidicinales
D. Short palmar muscle
E. Abductor muscle of little finger

32. A patient has difficulties with hand movement. Examination revealed

inflammation of common synovial sheath of flexor muscles. It is known from
the patient's anamnesis that he got a stab wound of finger a week ago. Which
finger was most probably damaged?
A. Digitus minimus
B. Pollex
C. Digitus medius
D. Index
E. Digitus anularis

33. An injured man has bleeding from branches of carotid artery. For a temporary
arrest of bleeding it is necessary to press the carotid artery to the tubercle of
cervical vertebra. Which vertebra is it?
A. VI
B. V
C. IV
D. III
E. II

34. During cytoscopy mucous membrane of urinary bladder normally makes folds
except for a single triangular area with smooth mucosa. This triangle is located
in the following part of urinary bladder:
A. Bladder floor
B. Bladder cervix
C. Bladder apex
D. Bladder body
E. Bladder isthmus

35. As a result of an accident a patient has intense painfullness and edema of the
anterior crus surface; dorsal flexion of foot is hindered. Function of which crus
muscle is most likely to be disturbed?
A. M.tibialis anterior
B. M.flexor digitorum longus
C. M.flexor hallucis longus
D. M.peroneus longus
E. M.peroneus brevis
 36. A 40-year-old patient complains of intensive heartbeats, sweating, nausea,
visual impairment, arm tremor, hypertension. From his anamnesis: 2 years
ago he was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Hyperproduction of what
hormones causes the given pathology?
A. Catecholamines
B. Aldosterone
C. Glucocorticoids
D. ACTH
E. Thyroidal hormones

37. A patient who suffers from cancer of back of tongue has an intense bleeding as
a result of affection of dorsal lingual artery by the tumour. What vessel should
be ligated to stop bleeding?
A. Lingual artery
B. Dorsal lingual artery
C. Deep lingual artery
D. Facial artery
E. Ascending pharyngeal artery

38. A 58-year-old patient with acute cardiac insufficiency has decreased volume of
daily urine - oliguria. What is the mechanism of this phenomenon?
A. Decreased glomerular filtration
B. Decreased number of functioning glomerules
C. Drop of oncotic blood pressure
D. Rise of hydrostatic blood pressure in capillars
E. Reduced permeamility of renal filter

39. An 18-year-old man was delivered to the hospital after a road accident.
Examination at the traumatological department revealed multiple injuries of
soft tissues of face in the region of the medial eye angle. The injuries caused
massive haemorrhage. What arterial anastomosis might have been damaged
in this region?
A. a carotis externa et a. carotis interna
B. a carotis externa et a. subclavia
C. a carotis interna et a. subclavia
D. a subclavia et a. ophthalmica
E. a carotis interna et a. ophthalmica

40. After a 2 y.o. child has had flu, there appeared complaints about ear ache. A
doctor revealed hearing impairment and inflammation of the middle ear. How
did the infection penetrate into the middle ear?
A. Through the auditory tube
B. Through foramen jugularis
C. Through canalis caroticus
D. Through atrium mastoideum
E. Through canalis nasolacrimalis
 41. A 40-year-old woman was admitted to the infectious diseases department with
high body temperature. Objectively: marked meningeal symptoms. A spinal
cord punction was made. What anatomic formation was puncturated?
A. Spatium subarachnoideum
B. Spatium subdurale
C. Spatium epidurale
D. Cavum trigeminale
E. Cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior

42. After resection of the middle third of femoral artery obliterated by a thromb
the lower extremity is supplied with blood due to the surgical bypass. Name an
artery that plays the main role in reestablishment of blood flow:
A. Deep femoral artery
B. Superficial circumflex artery of hip bone
C. Descending genicular artery
D. Superficial epigastric artery
E. Deep external pudendal artery

43. A patient's knee joint doesn't extend, there is no knee-jerk reflex, skin
sensitivity of the anterior femoral surface is disturbed. What nerve structures
are damaged?
A. Femoral nerve
B. Superior gluteal nerve
C. Big fibular nerve
D. Obturator nerve
E. Inferior gluteal nerve

44. A 50 y.o. patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints about pain
behind his breastbone, asphyxia during physical activity. Angiography
revealed pathological changes in the posterior interventricular branch of the
right coronary artery. What heart parts are affected?
A. Posterior wall of the right and left ventricles
B. Left atrium
C. Anterior wall of the right and left ventricles
D. Right atrium
E. Right atrioventricular valve

45. A patient was admitted to the surgical department with suspected

inflammation of Meckel's diverticulum. What part of bowels should be
examined in order to discover the diverticulum in course of an operation?
A. Ileum
B. Duodenum
C. Jejunum
D. Caecum
E. Colon ascendens
 46. Examination of a newborn boy's genitals revealed a cleft of urethra that opens
on the inferior surface of his penis. What developmental anomaly is meant?
A. Hypospadia
B. Hermaphroditism
C. Epispadia
D. Monorchism
E. Cryptorchism

47. A patient complains about impaired evacuatory function of stomach (long-

term retention of food in stomach). Examination revealed a tumour of initial
part of duodenum. Specify localization of the tumour:
A. Pars superior
B. Pars inferior
C. Pars descendens
D. Pars ascendens
E. Flexura duodeni inferior

48. A young man consulted a doctor about disturbed urination. Examination of his
external genitals revealed that urethra is split on top and urine runs out of this
opening. What anomaly of external genitals development is the case?
A. Epispadia
B. Phimosis
C. Hermaphroditism
D. Paraphimosis
E. Hypospadia

49. As a result of a continuous chronic encephalopathy, a patient has developed

spontaneous motions and a disorder of torso muscle tone. These are the
symptoms of the disorder of the following conduction tract:
A. Tractus rubrospinalis
B. Tractus corticospinalis
C. Tractus corticonuclearis
D. Tractus spinothalamicus
E. Tractus tectospinalis

50. A 35-year-old patient applied to a doctor with complaints about having intense
rhinitis and loss of sense of smell for a week. Objectively: nasal cavity contains
a lot of mucus that covers mucous membrane and blocks olfactory receptors.
In what part of nasal cavity are these receptors situated?
A. Superior nasal turbinate
B. Median nasal turbinate
C. Inferior nasal turbinate
D. Common nasal meatus
E. Vestibule of nose
 51. As a result of a craniocerebral injury, a patient has a decreased skin sensitivity.
What area of the cerebral cortex is likely to be damaged?
A. Posterior central gyrus
B. Occipital region
C. Cingulate gyrus
D. Frontal cortex
E. Anterior central gyrus

52. A 40-year-old patient has ulcer perforation in the posterior wall of stomach.
What anatomical structure will blood and stomach content leak to?
A. Bursa omentalis
B. Bursa praegastrica
C. Right lateral channel (canalis lateralis dexter)
D. Left lateral channel (canalis lateralis sinister)
E. Bursa hepatica

53. Inflammatory process of modified subserous layer around cervix of the uterus
caused an intensive pain syndrome. In what region of genitals does the
pathological process take place?
A. Parametrium
B. Mesometrium
C. Myometrium
D. Endometrium
E. Perimetrium

54. In course of an operation surgeon removed a part of a lung that was ventilated
by a tertiary bronchus accompanied by branches of pulmonary artery and
other vessels. What part of a lung was removed?
A. Bronchopulmonary segment
B. Middle lobe
C. Inferior lobe
D. Superior lobe
E. Pulmonary lobule

55. Angiocardiography of a 60-year-old male patient revealed constriction of a

vessel located in the left coronary sulcus of the heart. What is the pathological
vessel called?
A. Ramus circumflexus
B. Ramus interventricularis posterior
C. A coronaria dextra
D. V cordis parva
E. Ramus interventricularis anterior

56. A patient complains of pain in the right lateral abdomen. Palpation revealed a
dense, immobile, tumor-like formation. A tumor is likely to be found in the
following part of the digestive tube:
A. Colon ascendens
B. Colon transversum
C. Colon descendens
D. Colon sigmoideum
E. Caecum

57. While examining the oral cavity a stomatologist revealed inflammation of

papillae on the border of the median and posterior third of the back of tongue.
What papillae are inflamed?
A. Papillae vallatae
B. Papillae fungiformes
C. Papillae foliatae
D. Papillae filiformes
E. Papillae conicae

58. Examination of a patient revealed an abscess of pterygopalatine fossa. Where

can the infection spread to unless the disease is managed in time?
A. To the orbit
B. To the interpterygoid space
C. To the frontal sinus
D. To the subgaleal temporal space
E. To the tympanic cavity

59. A patient with cholelithiasis fell ill with mechanic jaundice. Examination
revealed that the stone was in the common bile duct. What bile-excreting ducts
make up the obturated duct?
A. Ductus hepaticus communis et ductus cysticus
B. Ductus hepaticus dexter et sinister
C. Ductus hepaticus dexter et ductus cysticus
D. Ductus hepaticus sinister et ductus cysticus
E. Ductus hepaticus communis et ductus choledochus

60. Neurological examination of a 65 y.o. patient revealed a haemorrhage within

the superior temporal gyrus. In the blood supply area of which artery is it?
A. Middle cerebral artery
B. Anterior cerebral artery
C. Posterior cerebral artery
D. Anterior communicating artery
E. Basilar artery

61. A 70 y.o. man has cut an abscess off in the area of mammiform process during
shaving. Two days later he was admitted to the hospital with inflammation of
arachnoid membranes. How did the infection penetrate into the cavity of skull?
A. V.emissariaе mastoideaе
B. V.v.labyrinthi
C. V.v.tympanicae
D. V.facialis
E. V.v.auriculares

62. The cerebrospinal fluid is being examined for the purpose of diffrential
meningitis diagnostics. At what site is the lumbal puncture safe?
A. L III-L IV
B. L II-L III
C. L I-L II
D. Th XII-L I
E. L V-S I

63. A female patient has facial neuritis that has caused mimetic paralysis and
hearing impairment. Hearing impairment results from the paralysis of the
following muscle:
A. Stapedius muscle
B. Anterior auricular muscle
C. Superior auricular muscle
D. Posterior auricular muscle
E. Nasal muscle

64. Part of alveoles of a preterm infant didn't spread because of enhanced elastic
recoil of lungs. How can this recoil be reduced?
A. By surfactant introduction
B. By pure oxygene inhalation
C. By artificial pulmonary ventilation
D. By fluid suction from the respiratory tracts
E. By glycose introduction

65. Preventive examination of a patient revealed an enlarged lymph node of

metastatic origin on the medial wall of the left axillary crease. Specify the most
likely localization of the primary tumour:
A. Mammary gland
B. Submandibular salivary gland
C. Lung
D. Stomach
E. Thyroid gland

66. A man suffering from osteochondrosis got acute pain in the abdominal muscles
(lateral and anterior). During objective examination a physician
diagnosticated increased pain sensitivity of skin in the hypogastric region. This
pain might be caused by affection of the following nerve:
A. Iliohypogastric
B. Sciatic
C. Obturator
D. Femoral
E. Genitofemoral
 67. A woman suffering from osteochondrosis felt acute pain in her humeral
articulation that became stronger when she abducted her shoulder. These
symptoms might be caused by damage of the following nerve:
A. Axillary nerve
B. Subscapular nerve
C. Dorsal scapular nerve
D. Subclavicular nerve
E. Throracodorsal nerve

68. Pyeloureterography X-ray photo showed a renal pelvis with minor calyces only
(major calyces were absent). What form of urinary tracts of a kidney was
revealed?
A. Embryonal
B. Fetal
C. Mature
D. Ampullar

69. A patient has a deep cut wound on the posterior surface of his shoulder in its
middle third. What muscle might be injured?
A. Triceps muscle of arm
B. Biceps muscle of arm
C. Anconeus muscle
D. Brachial muscle
E. Coracobrachial muscle

70. A patient has pain, edema and reddening of his skin in the anterosuperior area
of his thigh and his foot's thumb. What lymph nodes of his lower extremity
responded to the inflammatory process?
A. Superficial inguinal
B. Deep inguinal
C. Internal longitudinal
D. Superficial longitudinal
E. General longitudinal

71. A patient got a craniocerebral trauma that resulted in right-side convergent

strabismus. Damage of which craniocerebral nerve caused such consequences?
A. n. abducens
B. n. facialis
C. n. trigeminus
D. n. trochlearis
E. n. aculomotorius

72. In case of a penetrating wound of the anterior abdominal wall the wound tract
went above the lesser curvature of stomach. What peritoneum formation is
 most likely to be injured?
A. Ligamentum hepatogastricum
B. Ligamentum gastrocolicum
C. Ligamentum hepatoduoduodenale
D. Ligamentum hepatorenale
E. Ligamentum triangulare sinistrum

73. After a trauma a patient lost ability of elbow extension. This might have been
caused by dysfunction of the following main muscle:
A. m. triceps brachii
B. m. subscapularis
C. m. teres major
D. m. infraspinatus
E. m. levator scapulae

74. While playing a child got a punch in the presternum region. As a result of this
trauma an organ located behind the presternum was damaged. Name this
organ:
A. Thymus
B. Thyroid gland
C. Heart
D. Pericardium
E. Larynx

75. A patient complains of acute pain attacks in the right lumbar region. During
examination the nephrolithic obturation of the right ureter in the region
between its abdominal and pelvic segments has been detected. What
anatomical boundary exists between those two segments?
A. Linea terminalis
B. Linea semilunaris
C. Linea arcuata
D. Linea transversa
E. Linea inguinalis

76. After a craniocerebral trauma a patient lost the ability to execute learned
purposeful movements (apraxia). The injury is most likely localized in the
following region of the cerebral cortex:
A. Gyrus supramarginalis
B. Gyrus angularis
C. Gyrus paracentralis
D. Gyrus lingualis
E. Gyrus parahippocampalis

77. A patient got an injury of spinal marrow in a road accident that caused loss of
tactile sensation, posture sense, vibration sense. What conduction tracts are
damaged?
A. Fascicle of Goll and cuneate fascicle
B. Anterior spinocerebellar tract
C. Rubrospinal tract
D. Reticulospinal tract
E. Tectospinal tract

78. Examination of a patient revealed hypertrophy and inflammation of lymphoid

tissue, edema of mucous membrane between palatine arches (acute tonsillitis).
What tonsil is normally situated in this area?
A. Tonsilla palatina
B. Tonsilla pharyngealis
C. Tonsilla tubaria
D. Tonsilla lingualis

79. While performing an operation in the area of axillary crease a surgeon has to
define an arterial vessel surrounded by fascicles of brachial plexus. What artery
is it?
A. A. axillaris
B. A. vertebralis
C. A. transversa colli
D. A. profunda brachii
E. A. subscapularis

80.Examination of a patient with impaired blood coagulation revealed thrombosis

of a branch of inferior mesenteric artery. What bowel segment is damaged?
A. Colon sigmoideum
B. Ileum
C. Caecum
D. Colon transversum
E. Colon ascendens

81. A patient was admitted to the surgical department with inguinal hernia.
During the operation the surgeon performs plastic surgery on posterior wall of
inguinal canal. What structure forms this wall?
A. Transverse fascia
B. Aponeurosis of abdominal external oblique muscle
C. Inguinal ligament
D. Loose inferior edge of transverse abdominal muscle
E. Peritoneum

82. In order to prevent massive haemorrhage in the region of oral cavity floor it is
required to ligate an artery which is located within Pirogov's triangle. What
artery is it?
A. Lingual artery
B. Superior thyroid artery
C. Facial artery
D. Ascending pharyngeal artery
E. Maxillary artery

83. A man with an injury of the dorsal area of his neck was admitted to the
resuscitation department. What muscle occupies this area?
A. M. trapezius
B. M. sternocleidomastoideus
C. M. latissimus dorsi
D. M. rhomboideus minor
E. M. scalenus anterior

84. A patient complains of dizziness and hearing loss. What nerve is damaged?
A. Vestibulocochlear
B. Trigeminus
C. Sublingual
D. Vagus
E. Trochlear

85. While palpating mammary gland of a patient a doctor revealed an induration

in form of a node in the inferior medial quadrant. Metastases may extend to
the following lymph nodes:
A. Parasternal
B. Posterior mediastinal
C. Profound lateral cervical
D. Bronchopulmonary
E. Superior diaphragmal

86. A patient got a trauma that caused dysfunction of motor centres regulating
activity of head muscles. In what parts of cerebral cortex is the respective
centre normally localized?
A. Inferior part of precentral gyrus
B. Superior part of precentral gyrus
C. Supramarginal gyrus
D. Superior parietal lobule
E. Angular gyrus

87. A patient was diagnosed with paralysis of facial and masticatory muscles. The
haematoma is inside the genu of internal capsule. What conduction tract is
damaged?
A. Tr. cortico-nuclearis
B. Tr. cortico-spinalis
C. Tr. cortico-thalamicus
D. Tr. cortico-fronto-pontinus
E. Tr. cortico-temporo-parieto-occipito-pontinus
 88. A patient has lost skin sensitivity in the region of the medial surface of his
shoulder. This is the result of dysfunction of the following nerve:
A. Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
B. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
C. Radial nerve
D. Ulnar nerve
E. Axillary nerve

89. A foreign body (a button) closed space of the right superior lobar bronchus.
What segments of the right lung won't be supplied with air?
A. Apical, posterior, anterior
B. Superior and inferior lingular
C. Apical and posterior basal
D. Apical and median basal
E. Medial and lateral

90. A patient was diagnosed with bartholinitis (inflammation of greater

vulvovaginal glands). In which organ of urogenital system are these glands
localized?
A. Large lips of pudendum
B. Small lips of pudendum
C. Clitoris
D. Vagina
E. Uterus

91. While performing an inguinal canal operation on account of hernia a surgeon

damaged the canal's contents. What exactly was damaged?
A. Funiculus spermaticus
B. Urarchus
C. Lig. teres uteri
D. Lig. inguinalе

92. Ultrasonic examination of a patient revealed aneurism in the area of aortic

arch that caused alteration of vocal function of larynx. What nerve was
constricted?
A. Recurrent laryngeal
B. Diaphragmatic
C. Superior laryngeal
D. Mandibular
E. Sublingual

93. Surgical approach to the thyroid gland from the transverse (collar) approach
involves opening of interaponeurotic suprasternal space. What anatomic
structure localized in this space is dangerous to be damaged?
A. Jugular venous arch
B. External jugular vein
C. Subclavicular vein
D. Inferior thyroid arthery
E. Superior thyroid arthery

94. In course of a small pelvis operation it became necessary to ligate an ovarian

artery. What formation may be accidentally ligated together with it?
A. Ureter
B. Uterine tube
C. Round ligament of uterus
D. Internal iliac vein
E. Urethra

95. An injured person was delivered to the hospital with a penetrating wound in
the left lateral region of abdomen. What part of the large intestine is most likely
damaged?
A. Colon descendens
B. Colon ascendens
C. Colon transverses
D. Caecum
E. Rectum

96. After a road accident a driver was delivered to the hospital with an injury of
the medial epicondyle of humerus. What nerve might be damaged in this case?
A. n. ulnaris
B. n. radialis
C. n. axillaris
D. n. muscolocutaneus
E. n. medianus

97. A patient with a knife wound in the left lumbal part was delivered to the
emergency hospital. In course of operation a surgeon found that internal
organs were not damaged but the knife injured one of muscles of renal pelvis.
What muscle is it?
A. Greater psoas muscle
B. Iliac muscle
C. Erector muscle of spine
D. Abdominal internal oblique muscle
E. Abdominal external oblique muscle

98. A 25-year-old patient was examined by a medical board. Examination revealed

pathology of chest. Transverse dimensions were to small and the sternum was
strongly protruding. What chest type is it?
A. Keeled chest
B. Funnel chest
C. Flat chest
D. Cylindrical chest
E. Barrel chest

99. A man with a stab wound in the area of quadrilateral foramen applied to a
doctor. Examination revealed that the patient was unable to draw his arm aside
from his body. What nerve is most probably damaged?
A. N. axillaris
B. N. medianus
C. N. radialis
D. N. ulnaris
E. N. subclavius

100. Brain tomography revealed a tumour in the region of red nucleus. What
part of brain is damaged?
A. Midbrain
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebellum
D. Interbrain
E. Pons cerebelli