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Steam Plant Instrumentation Guide

The document discusses instrumentation used in a typical steam power plant, including mechanical and electrical instruments to measure variables like temperature, pressure, flow, level, speed, and gas analysis. The main units of a thermal power plant are described as the steam generator or boiler, steam turbine, and electric generator. Instrumentation systems in a plant are used for measurement, control, operation, monitoring, and protection.

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Mohamed Gamal Gemy
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108 views4 pages

Steam Plant Instrumentation Guide

The document discusses instrumentation used in a typical steam power plant, including mechanical and electrical instruments to measure variables like temperature, pressure, flow, level, speed, and gas analysis. The main units of a thermal power plant are described as the steam generator or boiler, steam turbine, and electric generator. Instrumentation systems in a plant are used for measurement, control, operation, monitoring, and protection.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Gamal Gemy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‫محمد جمال عطية ابراهيم‬:‫االسم‬

4: ‫سكشن‬

Instrumentation in Typical Steam Power Plant

Introduction
Instrumentation is the science of automated measurement and control. Instruments
are used to measure and control the condition of process streams as they pass
through a Plant. Instruments are used to measure and control process variables
such as: Temperature; Flow; Level; Pressure; Quality.

There are basically three main units of a thermal power plant:

1. Steam Generator or Boiler

2. Steam Turbine

3. Electric Generator

instrumentation system
a) Measurement
b) Control
c) Operation
d) Monitoring
e) Protection

For a Plant Measurement system needs to be:


1- Very accurate
2- Reliable
3- Delays should be as small as possible
4- Should be switched on manually when a overall control  system fails.
MECHANICAL INSTRUMENTS
1. Temp Measurement
Thermocouples (J, K, R, S, E etc.), RTD (pt100, pt1000,jpt500), Liquid
filled thermometer, Gas filled bulb & tube thermometer, Vap pressure
thermometer, Pyrometer (optical, radiation).
2. Pressure Measurement
C-type bourdon pressure gauge (spiral, helical, twisted), Bellows, diaphragm
gauges, vaccume gauges, manometer, draft gauges etc.
3. Flow Measurement steam flow meter (flow nozzles, pitot tube etc),
water flow meter & air flow meter (orifice, venturi, rotameter, hot wire
anemometer), atomized steam meter.
4. Fuel Measurement coal measurement (belt speed with load/min-load cell
& tachometer),
Gas meter (gas meter, positive displacement type disk-nutating), Oll
Meter (rotameter, nutating disk, etc).
5. Level Measurement boiler drum (hydra step, bubbler methode-clode
vessel etc), bunker level
& Ash (RF Type etc), hot well, condenser/HP Heater, Deaerator
(Capacitive, hydrostatic, sight glass etc).
6. Speed Measurement
Turbine speed(stroboscope), motor speed, belt speed-tachometer,
magnetic pick-ups etc.
7. Gas Analysis
CO+H2O, SOX-NOX,O2, CO2,calorific value of fuels measurement.

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT

1. Current Measurement
Ammeter (generator load, feeder circuits, aux power, field circuit etc).
2. Voltage Measurement
Voltmeter (generating & transmitting voltage, feeding voltage,motors
voltages, etc).
3. Energy Measurement
Wattmeter (Power generate, feeder powers).
4. Other Meters
Power factor, synchroscope,frequency,reactive power meter etc.

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