UNIT 10: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

I. Put the verbs into the correct form.

1. If you (not/go)_____________to bed late every night, you wouldn't be tired all
the time.
2. Anne got to the bus-stop in time. If she (miss) ___________________ the bus,
she would have been late for school.
3. If I (have) ___________________ a lot of money, I will travel around the world.
4. I (not/buy) ___________________ that coat if I were you.
5. If the weather is nice tomorrow, she (go) ___________________ on a picnic.
6. If I were her, I (not/marry) ___________________ him.
7. I'd have sent you a letter if I (have) ___________________ your address.
8. We would buy that house if it (not/be) ___________________ so small.
9. It is good that you reminded me about Anne's birthday. I (forget)
___________________ if you (not/remind) ___________________ me.
10. If you (not/have)_________ that last drink, you (not/have)_____________the
accident.
11. Pamela (borrow)___________________ one of my dresses for the party
tomorrow if she (lose)___________________ about 5 kilos between now and then.
II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. ____ she agreed, you would have done it.
A. If B. Had C. Should D. Would
2. If you ____ to be chosen for the job, you'll have to be experienced in the field.
A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. wants
3. If it's real ecotourism, much of the money you're paying will go to ____.
A. conserve B. conserves C. conserving D.
conservation
4. If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy ____ saved.
A. might be B. have been C. was D.
might have been
5. If you've decided to travel, you can still do a lot to reduce your impact and at
least in some respects even ____ a positive difference.
A. do B. make C. take D. tell
6. If there ____ enough water, the rice fields could have been more productive.
A. had been B. were C. would be D. are
7. The patient could not recover unless he ____ an operation. [undergo: pass
through]
A. had undergone B. would undergo C. underwent D.
was undergoing
8. If she ____ him, she would be very happy.
 A. met B. will meet C. is meeting D.
should meet
9. "What are the major tourist attractions in your city?" – “____”
A. Half of the city has been rebuilt. B. The more you know about my city, the
more you like it.
C. We have a lot of historical buildings and ruins. D. You should go on a city
tour by bus.
10. If he ____ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this
post.
A. had had B. had C. has D. has had
11. If I had enough money, I ____ abroad to improve my English.
A. will go B. would go C. should go D. should
have to go
12. If it ____ convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight.
A. be B. is C. was D. were
13. If you ____ time, please write to me.
A. have B. had C. have had D. has
14. The gardens and islets near the Tien and Hau River are very attractive
ecotourism ____ of the region.
A. views B. scenes C. sights D. destinations
15. The show Captain Bob's Adventure Children is available now. If children of all
ages ____ it, they ____ part in an airboat ride and an interactive reptile show.
A. enjoyed - would take B. enjoyed – took C. enjoy - will take
D. enjoys – take
16. If you ____ to Pak Ou Caves in Laos, you ____ thousands of Buddha images
and statues which have been deposited here over centuries.
A. went - saw B. would go-saw C. go - see D. go
- will see
17. "Would you like to work in tourism?" – “____”
A. I'm afraid I can't do a lot of travel. B. The sooner, the better.
C. Not many people think about this that way. D. I'd rather you didn't
think so.
18. Local people can't see the benefits of ecotourism in their region. If ecotourism
____ their lives by creating new job opportunities, they ____ a more active role in
the conservation.
A. improved - would play B. improved - played C. improves - will play D.
improves - play
19. If visitors ____ their holiday in Hawaii, they ____ in typical ecotourism
activities, such as whale watching, kayaking, surfing, snorkelling, scuba diving,
and boating.
 A. spent - would participate B. would spend - would
participate
C. spend - participate D. spend - will participate
20. We can help ____ the environment by using green and sustainable energy
sources.
A. waste B. save C. keep D. enjoy
21. Ecotourism ____ are important to the overall sustainable energy sources.
A. drawings B. designs C. intentions D. plans
22. Texas is ____ to a number of eco-tour companies, and plenty of ranches and
resorts.
A. home B. house C. accommodation D.
building
23. Seattle is one of the most ____ cities in the US.
A. ecosystem B. eco-friendly C. ecology D. ecological
24. In Alaska, the ecotourism operators are designed to help minimise tourism
____, which may be more difficult to control as an independent traveler.
A. result B. impact C. action D. power
25. "If Hien had gotten the raise, she would have bought a car." is closest in meaning to "_____".

A. Hien bought the car. B. Hien didn't get the raise, but she bought a car.

D. Hien got the raise. C. Hien didn't get the raise, so she didn't buy a car.

26. If he………. time tomorrow, we will meet the day after.

A didn’t have B. won’t have C. wouldn’t have D. doesn’t have

27. If you inherited a million pounds, what………. with the money.

A. do you do B. will you do C. would you do D. are you going to do

28. Yesterday I met my friend__________ gave me a dog on my birthday.

A. whom B. who C. whose D. which

29. If you pass your examination we _____________ a celebration.

A. have B. will have C. would have had D. would have

30. If I had time, I _____ to the beach with you this weekend.

A. will go B. will have gone C. would go D. would have

gone

31. 'What did your grammar teacher want to talk to you about?'
'I did badly on the last test. She ......studied for it.'
 A. said why hadn't I B. said why I hadn't C. asked why hadn't I D.
asked why I hadn't
32. If she_________ late again, she'll lose her job.

A. came B. comes C. had come D. come

III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following
questions.
1. A. nature B. natural C. snake D. cave
2. A. impact B. travel C. animal D. flora
3. A. environmental B. waste C. entertain D. educate
4. A. government B. protection C. consumption D. violent
5. A. Aquarius B. Taurus C. Pisces D. Sagittarius
IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. ecotourism B. deforestation C. contamination D.
qualification
2. A. inorganic B. superstitious C. recognition D.
sustainable
3. A. ecology B. equality C. majority D.
ceremony
4. A. environment B. contribution C. establishment D. diversity
5. A. contaminate B. oxygenate C. eliminate D.
discriminate
V. Mark the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following
questions.
1. If businesses want to protect the environment, they will aid the local community
and educating
A B C
D
travellers.
2. Nowadays, many of us tried to live in a way that will damage the environment
as little as
A B C
D
possible.

3. Ecotourism must benefits the local people and involve the local community.
A B C D
4. Ecotourism must be sustainable, that is make a profit without destroy natural
resources.
A B C D
5. Ecotourism must provide an experiences that tourists want to pay for.
A B C D
6. In a true ecotourism project, a nature reserve allows a small number of tourists
to visiting its
A
B
rare animals and uses the money that is generated to continue with important.
C D
7. The local people have jobs in the nature reserve as guides and wardens and also
has a voice in
A B
C
how the project develops.
D
8. Tourists stay in local houses with local people, not in special built hotels.
A B C D
9. Tourists experience the local culture and do not take precious energy and water
away from the
A B C

locally population.
D
10. Tourists travel by foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so that there is no pollution.
A B C D
11. Ecotourism brings tourists a specially experience that they will remember all of
their lives.
A B C
D
12. This type of tourism can only involve small number of people so it can be
expensive.
A B C D
13. Tourists can apply to the principles of ecotourism wherever they go for their
holiday.
A B C D
VI. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank
space in the following passage.
Come “fly" over the Rainforest - We'll take your breath away!
Located in Cairns, Australia, Rainforest Flyway is a world leader in (1) ____. We
take our guests on a breathtaking “flight over rainforest trees and straight into the
heart of the rainforest for an unforgettable experience.
On the Flyway, you'll experience over 7.5 kilometers of living rainforests while
learning about this spectacular place. Did you know that Australia's rainforests are
home to over 3,000 different plant species? And (2) ____ of the trees here are more
than 3,000 years old! After this visit you'll understand why it's so important to (3)
____ the rainforests. And you'll see that environmentally responsible travel can be
fun, educational, and breathtaking.
Even if you're a world traveler, you've never experienced anything like the
Rainforest Flyway. You'll start your unique journey above the (4) ____, as you
“fly” in a comfortable gondola only a few meters above the trees. Sit back and
enjoy the extraordinary (5) ____. You will be amazed at the breathtakingly rich
and lush foliage. And rest assured, there was no damage done to the rainforest (6)
____ during the construction of your gondola. That's why the development of the
Flyway took over 40 months to complete.
Your gondola will bring you down into the rainforest itself, where you follow a
path to see, hear, and smell the rainforest environment from the ground. Free tours
are available several times a day. (7) ____ guides can point out some unusual
plants, provide you with interesting facts about rainforest ecology, and answer your
questions.
Your Rainforest Flyway experience lasts 90 minutes and ends in the small town of
Kuranda, just 25 kilometers northwest of Cairns. Here, you can continue your eco-
tour with a visit to the protected areas that 2,000 tropical butterflies call home. You
can also buy (8) ____ arts and crafts made by the people of Kuranda. And if that
isn't enough, you can continue on to the (9) ____ reserve located a short 9
kilometers west of Kuranda to see animals from all parts of the world.
Rainforest Flyway has won numerous awards, including Travel Planet magazine's
"Best Ecotourism Destination” Call or visit us online to make your (10) ____
reservations.
1. A. difference B. range C. ecotourism D. quality
2. A. some B. part C. type D. any
3. A. exist B. accommodate C. store D. preserve
4. A. flood B. rainforest C. forest D. jungle
5. A. appearance B. scenery C. photo D. present
6. A. ecology B. biology C. geography D. ecotourism
7. A. Tourism B. Tour C. Tourist D. Touring
8. A. beneficial B. right C. original D. negative
9. A. ecology B. ecotour C. ecotourist D. wildlife
10. A. protections B. reservations C. guides D. organizations
VII. Choose the best answer.
As most potential ecotourist sites are inhabited by ethnic minorities, the principle
of “encouraging community participation in ecotourism activities” should both
create income and help maintain cultural identity. These communities have a deep
understanding of traditional festivals, cultivation and land use customs, traditional
lifestyle and handicrafts, and historical places. A trip to the limestone mountain of
Cao Bang - Bac Kan, for example, is valuable not only for the Ba Be Lake, but for
the opportunity to learn about cultivation customs, dying practices using endemic
plants to produce brocading, and traditional handmade boats of precious timber
collected in the forest.
Because ecotourism is important for environmental education, maintenance of
indigenous culture, and local economic development, both investment and
government encouragement are required.
One research shows that 90 percent of ecotourist guides lack environmental
knowledge about the flora, fauna, and natural resources in the area, and 88 percent
would benefit from ecotourism guidebooks written especially for them. An
illustration of wasted potential caused by this lack of training is Ha Long Bay, a
world heritage site with immense environmental value - coral reefs, limestone
mountains, thousands of flora and fauna species of high biodiversity, and rich
cultural identity. But tourists in Ha Long Bay are presently visiting only the Bay
and some caves, not accessing environmental information or local cultural
activities. In general, the full potential of ecotourism has not yet been reached.
International visitors to Viet Nam often like to visit ethnic minority villages to
observe the culture, meet local people, and participate in traditional activities. The
ethnic minorities who live in or near nature reserves maintain distinctive lifestyles,
cultural identities, and traditional customs. These features are part of the real value
of ecotourism. However, local people are not much involved in ecotourism.
In additional, local people still live in poverty, their life closely associates with
natural resources. The economic benefits of ecotourism need to be shared with
them, but this will not happen without community participation.

1. The word “distinctive” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. close to nature B. easily understood
C. clearly different from others D. staying the same for a long time
2. In order to develop ecotourism, local communities should ____.
A. change their distinctive lifestyles B. share the economic benefits of
ecotourism
C. depend on natural resources D. take part in all aspects of
ecotourism
3. An ecotour to the region of ethnic minorities is very valuable because tourists
____.
A. can understand the aspects of cultures and traditions
B. can make a trip to the limestone mountain of Cao Bang - Bac Kan
C. can learn dying practices using endemic plants to produce brocading
D. can make traditional boats of precious timber collected in the forest
4. Ecotourism can bring all the following benefits EXCEPT ____.
A. establishing more national parks and nature reserves
B. introducing cultures of ethnic minorities to foreign tourists
C. maintaining cultural identity
D. providing opportunities to learn about traditional customs
5. Tourist guides who lack environmental knowledge can't ____.
A. get ecotourism guidebooks written especially for them
B. make ethnic minorities have a deep understanding of their traditional festivals
C. make tourists access all environmental information or local cultural activities
D. take tourists to Ha Long Bay, a world heritage site with immense environmental
value
XIII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.
The biggest difference between an eco-lodge and a green hotel is the setting in
which you'll find them. Eco lodges tend to be more remote, located in relatively
pristine natural environments such as beaches, jungles and mountains. Green
hotels, on the other hand, are more often associated with cities and towns.
Eco lodges and green hotels both emphasize elements such as environmental
responsibility and minimizing negative impact. The best ones offer renewable
energy sources, recycling services, eco-friendly toiletries, energy efficient lighting,
locally sourced food, organic linens and towels, non-toxic cleaning supplies, non-
disposable dishes, water conservation methods and various other sustainability-
focused initiatives.
But eco lodges tend to be more dependent on the natural environment than green
hotels. They are also generally more active in nature and wildlife conservation,
more focused on educating visitors about the flora and fauna of local ecosystems,
and more deeply connected with the area's indigenous culture (whose influence is
often incorporated into the lodge's decor and restaurant menu).
The best eco lodges also work to ensure positive relationships with the local
people. They train and employ them at fair wages, take part in community
development initiatives, offer activities that help visitors conserve and appreciate
local customs, and contribute to the local economy. In this way, they reinforce the
notion of ecotourism as a more sustainable long-term business model than altering
or destroying habitats for quick financial gains.
1. The passage mainly discusses ____.
A. what eco lodges do to the environment B. what eco lodges are and how
they work
C. how eco lodges are similar to green hotels D. how eco lodge are better
than green hotels
2. The word "ones" in the passage refers to ____.
A. eco lodges B. green hotels C. elements D. eco lodges
and green hotels
3. The word "initiatives" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.
A. acts B. plans C. actions D. operations
4. According to the passage, all of the following are true about eco lodges
EXCEPT that ____.
A. they are situated in small towns and cities
B. they create job opportunities for local people
C. they are closely connected with the local culture
D. they educate tourists about the local ecosystem
5. The word "they" in the passage refers to ____.
A. local customs B. visitors C. activities D. eco
lodges