PERPUSTAKAAN DATO' JAAFAR HASSAN
APA
FORMAT
CITATION
GUIDE
HOW TO CITE SOURCES IN
APA FORMAT
Presentation by Nor Azrina binti Kasim
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
WHAT IS
REFERENCING?
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
When you are writing a piece of work and use someone
else's words or ideas you must reference them.
This means that you need to include detailed
information on all sources consulted, both within your
What is
text (in-text citations) and at the end of your work
(reference list or bibliography).
referencing? Another way to understand referencing is to think of
an analogy - when you buy designer clothes there is
usually a label attached to say who made them; this
brand identity is like an author of a book
https://www.qub.ac.uk/cite2write/introduction.html
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
Referencing is used to tell the reader where ideas
from other sources have been used in an assignment.
There are many reasons why it is important to
reference sources correctly:
It shows the reader that you can find and use
sources to create a solid argument
What is It properly credits the originators of ideas,
theories, and research findings
referencing? It shows the reader how your argument relates to
the big picture
Failure to properly acknowledge sources is called
plagiarism, and it can carry significant academic
penalties.
https://owll.massey.ac.nz/referencing/what-is-referencing.php
Why
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
reference?
To distinguish your ideas
To reinforce your argument
To show different perspectives
To allow fact-checking
To ensure the moral rights of the
author
To avoid plagiarism
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
Whenever an assignment uses words, facts,
ideas, theories, or interpretations from
other sources, those sources must be
referenced. Referencing is needed when:
What needs to You have copied words from a book, article,
or other source exactly
be You have used an idea or fact from an
outside source, even if you haven't used
referenced? their exact wording (paraphrasing and
summarising)
The only exception to this is when the
information is common knowledge, which is
something that anyone is likely to know. If
you are uncertain whether to reference
something or not, it is better to reference it.
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
Citations and
references
There are two elements used in referencing:
A citation in the text of the assignment
(also known as in-text citations)
An entry in a reference list at the end of
the assignment
https://owll.massey.ac.nz/referencing/what-is-referencing.php
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
The citation contains only enough information for the
reader to find the source in the reference list. Usually, this
is the name of the source's author and the year the source
was published.
EXAMPLE:
When testing the usability of a website, it is necessary to
gather demographic information about the users (Lazar,
2006).
EXAMPLE:
Lazar (2006) tells the reader that this information has
come from a source written by Lazar, which was published
in 2006. This is a signpost, pointing the reader to the
reference list.
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
REFERENCE LIST
The reference list is a list of all the sources used (and
cited) in an assignment. It is alphabetised according to the
names of the authors.
EXAMPLE:
Durie, M. (2003). Ngā kāhui pou: Launching Māori futures.
Huia.
Hazledine, T., & Quiggan, J. (2006). Public policy in
Australia and New Zealand: The new global context.
Australian Journal of Political Science, 41(2), 131–143.
Lazar, J. (2006). Web usability: A user-centered design
approach. Pearson Addison Wesley.
Ministry for Primary Industries. (2012). Food safety.
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/food-safety
Perpustakaan Dato' Jaafar Hassan
Referencing is a formal system: there are rules and standards
to follow when formatting citations and references.
Many students find referencing quite intimidating at first. Like
Referencing any skill, it takes time and patience to learn.
styles Among Popular citation/ reference styles:-
American Psychological Association (APA)
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Chicago/Turabian style
American Psychological
Association (APA)
APA referencing style is an author-date
referencing system published by the
American Psychological Association.
There are two components in the APA
referencing style: in-text citations and their
What is APA? corresponding reference list entries.
With anything that you have read, used and
referred to in your academic writing, you must:
acknowledge in text (i.e. in the work /
assignment/ essay you are writing)
include in your reference list (i.e. the list at
the end of your work of all the sources you
refer to)
Author-Date citation system
In-text citations appear in the body of the work (or table,
figure etc.). They enable readers to locate the
corresponding entry in the reference list.
Parenthetical citation
The author and date appear within parentheses:
The issue was described in more detail (Smith, 2020).
Narrative citation
The author appears in the text with the date in
parentheses:
Smith (2020) describes the issue in more detail...
Parenthetical citation
Narrative citation
Elements of a reference
Journal articles
Journal articles
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/Articles
Journal articles
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/Articles
Articles from magazines,
newspapers, blog posts
Magazine Article
Newspaper Article
BOOK
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/books
BOOK
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/books
BOOK
Xiaofan, W., & Valent, B. (2009). Advances in Genetics, Genomics and Control of Rice Blast Disease. Springer.
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/books
BOOK
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/books
Websites & webpages
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/websites
Websites & webpages
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/websites
Websites & webpages
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/websites
PowerPoint slides
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/powerpoint
PowerPoint slides
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/powerpoint
YouTube or other streaming
video
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/powerpoint
YouTube or other streaming
video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l-ti-tT9xw
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/powerpoint
Film
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/powerpoint
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