(1) Achievement Motivation

It is the drive to pursue and attain goals. An individual with achievement motivation wishes to achieve

objectives and advance up on the ladder of success. Here, accomplishment is important for its own shake

and not for the rewards that accompany it. It is similar to ‘Kaizen’ approach of Japanese Management.

(2) Affiliation Motivation

It is a drive to relate to people on a social basis. Persons with affiliation motivation perform work better

when they are complimented for their favorable attitudes and co-operation.

(3) Competence Motivation

It is the drive to be good at something, allowing the individual to perform high quality work. Competence

motivated people seek job mastery, take pride in developing and using their problem-solving skills and

strive to be creative when confronted with obstacles. They learn from their experience.

(4) Power Motivation

It is the drive to influence people and change situations. Power motivated people wish to create an

impact on their organization and are willing to take risks to do so.

(5) Attitude Motivation

Attitude motivation is how people think and feel. It is their self confidence, their belief in themselves,

their attitude to life. It is how they feel about the future and how they react to the past.

(6) Incentive Motivation

It is where a person or a team reaps a reward from an activity. It is “You do this and you get that”,

attitude. It is the types of awards and prizes that drive people to work a little harder.

(7) Fear Motivation

Fear motivation coercions a person to act against will. It is instantaneous and gets the job done quickly. It

is helpful in the short run.

REQUISITES TO MOTIVATE
 • We have to be Motivated to Motivate

• Motivation requires a goal

• Motivation once established, does not last if not

• Motivation requires Recognition

• Participation has motivating effect

• Seeing ourselves progressing Motivates us

• Challenge only motivates if you can win

• Everybody has a motivational fuse i.e. everybody

• Group belonging motivates

MOTIVATING DIFFERENT PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT WAYS

Motivation is not only in a single direction i.e. downwards. In the present scenario, where the workforce

is more informed, more aware, more educated and more goal oriented, the role of motivation has left the

boundries of the hierarchy of management. Apart from superior motivating a subordinate, encouragement

and support to colleague as well as helpful suggestions on the right time, even to the superior, brings

about a rapport at various work levels. Besides, where workforce is self motivated, just the

acknowledgement of the same makes people feel important and wanted.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MOTIVATION, SATISFACTION, INSPIRATION AND MANIPULATION

Motivation refers to the drive and efforts to satisfy a want or goal, whereas satisfaction refers to the

contentment experienced when a want is satisfied. In contrast, inspiration is bringing about a change in

the thinking pattern. On the other hand Manipulation is getting the things done from others in a

predetermined manner.
Hence, manipulation or external stimulus as well as inspiration or internal stimulus acts as carriers of

either demotivation or motivation which in turn either results into dissatisfaction or satisfaction

depending upon.

TOP

Thinkers of the Western world define motivation in different ways. Williams G Scot defines it as a
process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals. The basic objective of
motivation is considered to influence the way in which the work is performed by the employee by
changing the attitude towards work, by improving the quality of work, by directing his efforts to
desired direction and by helping him in satisfying his desires.

Maslow’s, Mc Clelland’s, F. W Taylor’s and all other western theories are of the opinion that man is a
needy animal and he can be motivated by fat salaries, perks etc. Thus motivation for them is
basically external and they use materialistic ways to motivate their employees.

Whereas the Indian philosophy believes that motivation is internal. It considers men as children of
immortal bliss and full of immense potentialities. Fat salaries, and perks can motivate people to
some extent but ultimately they can be motivated only when they are recognized and given respect
as human beings, and helped in developing and manifesting their inner divinity and potentialities.

Therefore we can say that the western approach focuses more on materialistic and external benefits
whereas the Indian philosophy considers motivation as an internal concept. Man, according to the
Indian philosophy can be motivated more based on their ethical values, their beliefs, their emotions
and belief in spirituality.
In Indian philosophy motivation is not something external. It is rather internal. Infact GITA is a
story of motivation. Arjuna was motivated from the very beginning but he lost his motivation due to
some obstacles, hurdles and confusion in his mind. All that was required was to remove these
obstacles only. Thus removing obstacles during the performance of job is motivation in Indian
philosophy.

Every soul is divine, having immense potentialities. Management has to bring out that potential by
removing obstacles and hurdles which restrict from performing. Such motivation involves the inner
beauty and does not promote any greed in an individual to have more and more in return of his
work- as work itself is viewed in a unique way in Indian philosophy. Work is here considered as an
exercise of energy.

A living being has no alternative but to be working- physically or mentally. A non working body is a
dead body. A man has to work to realize that divinity is residing in him. Thus attitude towards work
is quite different. An Indian does not work for a livelihood only, but he considers it as his
duty( Sadhana), as Indian philosophy teaches that every work you perform can only be an offering
to that divine soul in you.

Lord Krishna motivated Arjuna successfully by this technique. In the beginning Arjuna said that “I
will not fight” and at the end he said “ I will do, what you say”. Arjuna was not offered any position
etc. for this but all the obstacles had been removed. He was motivated right from the beginning, he
only required some of his doubts cleared. In fact the Gita shows the five clear stages of motivation.

They are as follows:

1. Patient listening – when Lord Krishna did not interrupt Arjuna and listened patiently, where
Arjuna puts his problems from 29 to 47 stanzas in the first chapter of Gita.

2. Putting stress on good points/ strength while removing Arjuna's doubts

4. Showing the action plan to achieve the goal.

5. Discussing the consequences of proposed action plan.

Thus Bhagwadgita teaches how to motivate the individual within.