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Westernization in India: Types and Primary Westernization

Westernization in India took place as a result of 150 years of British rule. This introduced new technologies, beliefs, values, and institutions from Western culture. Primary Westernization refers to changes in the little traditions of Indians, including the emergence of Westernized subcultures in areas of early contact and the general diffusion of Western cultural traits like dress, food, language, and habits. Secondary Westernization began later and involved changes to great cultural traditions across India, bringing Western-style structures like education, law, science, and transportation systems.

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3K views2 pages

Westernization in India: Types and Primary Westernization

Westernization in India took place as a result of 150 years of British rule. This introduced new technologies, beliefs, values, and institutions from Western culture. Primary Westernization refers to changes in the little traditions of Indians, including the emergence of Westernized subcultures in areas of early contact and the general diffusion of Western cultural traits like dress, food, language, and habits. Secondary Westernization began later and involved changes to great cultural traditions across India, bringing Western-style structures like education, law, science, and transportation systems.

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Samiksha Pawar
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Westernization in India: Types and

Primary Westernization
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Like sanskritization, westernization is an important process of social change.


It has taken place in India as a result of the British rule. The 150 years British
rule produced some radical and lasting changes in Indian social set up. The
Britishers brought with them new technology, knowledge, beliefs, values and
institutions. For example, the introduction of Printing Press by them are
produced many changes in the life of the Indians. The concept
‘Westernization’ is easy to understand but difficult to “Explain. We can define.
Westernization is a process or changing life style of the Indians towards the
west.

Types of Westernization:
On the basis of influence on the both little and great tradition, westernization
took place in two phases, i.e. Primary Westernization and Secondary
Westernization. The little tradition have been termed as Primary
Westernization and the great tradition have been termed as Secondary
Westernization.

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Primary Westernization:
By Primary Westernization, Prof. Y. Singh means, “Changes induced by the
western impact on Indian little traditions.”

Such changes are of two types:


1. Firstly, the emergence of westernized sub-cultural pattern limited to a
specific group of Indians within an area who first came into contact with
western culture.

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2. Secondly, primary westernization refers to the process of general diffusion


of western cultural traits. For example, the use of new technology, dress, food,
language, changes in habits and’ way of living. This is in general, resulting
from the cultural contact with Britishers.

Secondary Westernization:
Secondary Westernization on the other hand started towards the end of the
19th century and beginning of the 20th century. It refers to the changes which
have contributed to the growth of various forms of cultural structures
extending over the whole of the country. Education, law, science, technology,
facilities of transport and communication are some of the examples of cultural
structure.

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