S No

Instruction Se

8
9

10

Addressing Mod
11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18
19

20

Interrupts

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30
Programming

31

32

33

34

35
36

37

38

39

40

S.no

5
6

7
8
9
10

11

12

13
14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23
24
25

26

27
28
29

30
 Module 1

Question:
Instruction Set

The instruction that is used to transfer the data from source operand to destination operand is

Which of the following is not a data copy/transfer instruction?

The instructions that involve various string manipulation operations are

Which of the following instruction is not valid?

In PUSH instruction, after each execution of the instruction, the stack pointer is

The instruction that pushes the contents of the specified register/memory location on to the stack is

In POP instruction, after each execution of the instruction, the stack pointer is

The instructions that are used for reading an input port and writing an output port respectively are
The instruction that is used for finding out the codes in case of code conversion problems is
The instruction that loads effective address formed by destination operand into the specified source
register is

Addressing Modes
The instruction, MOV AX, 0005H belongs to the address mode

The instruction, MOV AX, 1234H is an example of

The instruction, MOV AX, [2500H] is an example of

If the data is present in a register and it is referred using the particular register, then it is

The instruction, MOV AX,[BX] is an example of

If the offset of the operand is stored in one of the index registers, then it is

The addressing mode that is used in unconditional branch instructions is

If the location to which the control is to be transferred lies in a different segment other than the current
one, then the mode is called
 The instruction, JMP 5000H:2000H;
is an example of

The contents of a base register are added to the contents of index register in

Interrupts

While CPU is executing a program, an interrupt exists then it

An interrupt breaks the execution of instructions and diverts its execution to

While executing the main program, if two or more interrupts occur, then the sequence of appearance of
interrupts is called

Whenever a number of devices interrupt a CPU at a time, and if the processor is able to handle them
properly, it is said to have

NMI stands for

 The interrupt for which the processor has highest priority among all the internal interrupts is

If any interrupt request given to an input pin cannot be disabled by any means then the input pin is
called

The INTR interrupt may be

The Programmable interrupt controller is required to

The INTR interrupt may be masked using the flag

Programming

The method of defining the interrupt service routine for software is

While programming for any type of interrupt, the interrupt vector table is set

To execute a program one should

Procedures are also known as

Procedures, for their execution, require

The technique that is used to pass the data or parameter to procedures in assembly language program
is by using

If a procedure is interactive, then

For passing the parameters to procedures using the PUBLIC & EXTRN directives, it must be declared
PUBLIC in the

 Operation code field is present in :

The length of the one-byte instruction is

Module 1 - 8086 Revision

Quetion

what is the two interfance unit in 8086

which unit , reads data from memory and I/O ports, writes data to memory and I/ O ports

An instructions are used to transfer data from source operand

to destination operand

MOV BX, 0210H

MOV AL, BL
MOV [SI], [BX]

Upon execution of ths instruciton which flag register is affectecd

Consider the memory loaction have the data 7700 in 5000H.

what will be the result saved in Bx if the following code is executed.

XCHG [5000], AX,

XCHG BX
Causes the 8086 to recognize external mask interrupts; clearing IF disables these interrupts.
Upon on acknowledgement from the slow device or memory that they have completed the data transfer
using which pin in 8086
What is the duty cycle in microprocessor to have basic timing and contorl activity of 8086
which transfers the operand from accumulator to specified port.
To copies the lower byte of flag register to AH which instrucuton is used
In 8086, Match the followings A,B,C,D to 1,2,3,4 A) MOvSB/SW B) CMPS C) SCAS D) LODS 1) loads
AL/AX register by content of a string 2) moves a string of bytes stored in source to destination 3)
compares two strings of bytes or words whose length is stored in CX register 4) scans a string of bytes
or words
In 8086,The instructions that are used for reading an input port and writing an output port respectively
are ______ .The instruction that is used for finding out the codes in case of code conversion problems is
_____ (respectively)
In 8086, The instructions that are used to call a subroutine from the main program and return to the main
program after execution of called function are
In 8086, The directive that updates the location counter to the next even address while executing a
series of instructions is_______ & The directive that marks the starting of the logical segment is
________ (respectively)

In 806, Min mode & Max mode is differed from the Pin no ____ to Pin No ____ . The Pin meaning of
Max Mode are ____,____,_____,____,___,____,______,____________
In 8086, Let Ax = AA & BX =04 . What is the value after executing ADD AX, BX ________ & AAA
______ & DAA_______ & INC AX____ & DEC AX____ (without carry bit) -- (All values are in Hex)

In 8086, suppose Ax = 0001 0001, then what is the value for SHL _____ & SHR _____ & ROR ____ &
ROL _____ & RRC ____ RLC_____

In 8086 Match the following a,b,c,d to 1,2,3,4 a) DB b) DT c) DW d) DQ 1) used to direct the assembler
to reserve only 10-bytes 2) used to direct the assembler to reserve only 4 words 3) used to direct the
assembler to reserve byte or bytes 4) used to direct the assembler to reserve words
In 8086,The instruction, CMP to compare source and destination operands it performs _____ & The
instruction in which adjustment is made before performing the operation is_____

In 8086 - PUSH & POP instruction, after each execution of the instruction, the stack pointer is ___ &
____ respectively
1.______ 2.______These instruction that performs logical AND operation and the result of the operation
is available is and Not available in AX register respectively (in 8086)

8086 Microprocessor has ____ data size,_____ Address size, _____ Clock Speed, ______ No of
transistors, ______Memory Locations

The RD, WR, M/IO is the heart of control for a _______mode

The remaining address line of bus is decoded to generate chip select signal
In 8086 microprocessor the following has the highest priority among all type interrupts?

Consider the following instructions executed in 8086

PUSH AX;AX has 20H in it
PUSH BX;BX has 34H in it
POP AX;
ADD AX, BX;
POP G.

What will be the value stored in G

In the 8086 Instruction ADD DX, [BC] [CI], the addressing mode of source opeand is
PUSH A
PUSH B
PUSH C
POP AX
POP BX
SUB AX,BX
POP BX
ADD AX, BX
The expression computed by the above program stored in AX is
To have the multiprocessing capabilities of the 8086, the oin connected to the ground is
In 8086, if the content of the code segment register is 1FAB and the content of the IP register is 10A1,
then the effective memory address is
 Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer:
truction Set
data
data copy/transfer  arithmetic/logical
 branch instruction string instruction copy/transfer
instruction instruction
instruction
MOV PUSH DAS POP DAS
flag manipulation shift and rotate string
string instructions
branch instructions instructions instructions instructions

MOV AX, BX MOV DS, 5000H MOV AX, 5000H PUSH AX MOV DS, 5000H
decremented by
incremented by 1 decremented by 1 incremented by 2 decremented by 2
2

PUSHF POPF PUSH POP PUSH

incremented by
incremented by 1 decremented by 1 incremented by 2 decremented by 2
2
MOV, XCHG MOV, IN IN, MOV IN, OUT IN, OUT
XCHG XLAT XOR JCXZ XLAT

LEA LDS LES LAHF LEA

essing Modes
register direct immediate register relative immediate
immediate
register addressing direct addressing immediate based indexed
addressing
mode mode addressing mode addressing mode
mode
direct
immediate direct addressing indirect addressing register
addressing
addressing mode mode mode addressing mode
mode
register
direct addressing register addressing indexed addressing immediate
addressing
mode mode mode addressing mode
mode
register
direct addressing register addressing register relative register indirect indirect
mode mode addressing mode addressing mode addressing
mode
relative based indexed
based indexed indexed addressing none of the
indexed addressing addressing
addressing mode mode mentioned
mode mode
intrasegment
intrasegment direct intersegment
intrasegment direct intrasegment indirect indirect
and indirect direct addressing
addressing mode addressing mode addressing
addressing mode mode
mode
intersegment intersegment
intersegment direct intersegment
intrasegment mode direct and indirect direct and
mode indirect mode
mode indirect mode
 intrasegment direct intrasegment indirect intersegment direct intersegment intersegment
mode mode mode indirect mode direct mode

based indexed
based indexed
relative based and relative
indexed addressing based indexed and relative based
indexed addressing based indexed
mode addressing mode indexed
mode addressing
addressing mode
mode

nterrupts
breaks the
breaks the normal
follows the next normal
jumps to instruction sequence of stops executing
instruction in the sequence of
in other registers execution of the program
program execution of
instructions
instructions

Interrupt service Counter word Interrupt

Execution unit control unit
routine register service routine

nested interrupt nested interrupt

interrupt within
multi-interrupt nested interrupt and interrupt and interrupt
interrupt
within interrupt within interrupt

multiple
interrupt handling interrupt processing multiple interrupt multiple interrupt interrupt
ability ability processing ability executing ability processing
ability
Non
nonmaskable nonmovable nonmaskable
nonmultiple interrupt microcontroller
interrupt interrupt interrupt
interrupt
keyboard interrupt TRAP NMI INT TRAP
maskable interrupt
nonmaskable nonmaskable
maskable interrupt and nonmaskable TRAP
interrupt interrupt
interrupt
maskable and
maskable nonmaskable keyboard interrupt maskable
nonmaskable
handle one or
handle one or more handle one or more
handle one interrupt handle no more interrupt
interrupt requests at interrupt requests
request interrupt request requests at a
a time with a delay
time
direction flag overflow flag interrupt flag sign flag interrupt flag
ogramming
same as that of difficult than easier than same as that of
it uses stack
hardware hardware software hardware

externally and either externally

either externally or
externally through a program through the or through the
through the program
program program

assemble the All of the All of the

link the program apply external pulse
program mentioned mentioned
macros segment subroutines Registers subroutines
input data input data or input data or
output data constants
constants constants
 global declared All of the All of the
registers stack
variable mentioned mentioned
it accepts
it accepts inputs it uses global
it uses memory inputs directly
directly from input declared variable it uses stack
locations from input
devices technique
devices
main routine and
subroutine procedure main routine main routine
subroutine
 machine
programming assembly language  machine language
C language language
language instruction instruction instruction
instruction
1 byte 2 bytes 4 bytes 6 bytes 1 byte

option 1 Option 2 option 3 option 4 Ans

Excecution unit and Bus interface
Bus interface and Address generation Memory bank and and Execution
Execution unit unit ALU and Registers Execution unit unit
Bus interface
Bus interface unit Excecution unit ALU Memoryunit unit
Data tranfer Boolean Data tranfer
Arithmetic instruction Branching Instruction instruction Instruction instruction

No change in flag No change in

Carry flag resgisters Zero flag Trap flag flag resgisters

Content of BX will
be exchanged with Content of BX
Content of BX will be the content of will be
exchanged with memory location No change in flag exchanged with
No change in BX content of AX [5000] resgisters content of AX
Interrupt flag Trap Flag Zero Flag Interrupt flag

Read Ready Test NOP Ready

55.50% 33.33% 23% 23.89% 33.33%
MOV INC OUT PORT OUT
LAHF SAHF INTR HLT LAHF

A-2,B-3,C-4,D-1 A-2,B-1,C-4,D-3 A-1,B-2,C-3-D-4 A-3,B-2,C-4,D-3 A-2,B-3,C-4,D-1

MOV AX,OUT &

MOV AX,IN & XLAT XCHG IN,OUT & XLAT PORT & XLAT IN,OUT & XLAT

JMP, CALL CALL, RET RET, JMP CALL, RET

 DIVIDE BY 2 & EVEN & ODD EVEN &
EVEN & SEGMENT EVEN & ORG SEGMENT PARITY SEGMENT

24 to 31,
QS1,QS0, S0,
24 to 31, QS0,QS1, 26 to 34, QS1,QS0, 24 to 31, QS1,QS0, 26 to 33, QS1, S0, S1,S2, LOCk,
S1, S2,S3, LOCk, S0, S1,S2, LOCk, S0, S1,S2, LOCk, S1,S2, LOCk, RQ/GT1
RQ/GT1 ,RQ/GT0 RQ/GT1 ,RQ/GT0 RQ/GT1 ,RQ/GT0 RQ/GT1 ,RQ/GT0

67,04,74,68,66 67,74,04,68,66 65,04,74,66,64 47,56,04,38,33 65,04,74,66,64

0010 0010 ,
0010 0010 , 0000 0010 0011 , 0000 0010 0010 , 0000 1010 0011 , 0100 0000 1000, 0001
1000, 0001 0000, 1000, 0001 0000, 1010, 0001 0000, 1000, 1101 0000, 0000, 0010
0010 0010, 1000 0010 0010, 1000 0010 0010, 1000 0010 0110, 1000 0010, 1000
1000, 0010 0010 1000, 0010 0010 1000, 0010 0010 1001, 0010 0011 1000, 0010 0010

a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1 a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4 a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2 a-1,b-2,c-3-d-4 a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
Subtraction &
Subtraction & AAD Comparison & AAA Subtraction & DAA MLA & MUL AAD
decremented by
2&
decremented by 1 & Incremented by 1 & decremented by 2 & Increment by 3 & Incremented by
Incremented by 1 decremented by 1 Incremented by 2 Decement by 3 2

AND & TEQ TEST & TEQ AND & TEST READ & READY AND & TEST

16 bit ,20
16 bit ,16 bit,4.77 16 bit ,20 bit,4.77 8 bit ,16 bit,5 8 bit ,8 bit,916 bit,4.77
MHz,19K,1024 KB MHz,29K , 1 MB MHz,29K,128 KB MHz,19K,1024 KB MHz,29K , 1 MB

minimum maximum compatibility mode Supervisory mode minimum

data address control bus Input bus address
NMI DIV 0 TYPE 255 DIV 1 NMI

20H 34H 54H 87H 20H

Register Register Indirect Based Indexed Immediate Based Indexed

C-B+A A+B+C A-B-C A+B-C C-B+A
ALE INTR MN/MX' RST MN/MX'

1FBC0 304C 20B51 27H32 20B51

 2.1.ARCHITECTURE
S No Question
1 How are the status of the carry, auxiliary carry and parity flag
affected if the write instruction MOV A,#9C ADD A,#64H

2 How are the bits of the register PSW affected if we select Bank2 of
8051?

3 On power up, the 8051 uses which RAM locations for register R0-
R7
4 When 8051 wakes up then 0x00 is loaded to which register?
5 When the microcontroller executes some arithmetic operations,
then the flag bits of which register are affected?

6 If we push data onto the stack then the stack pointer

7 Harvard architecture allows:
8 Why most of the DSPs use Harvard architecture?

9 Which of the two architecture saves memory?

10 How are the performance and the computer capability affected by

increasing its internal bus width?

2.2.INSTRUCTION SET
S No Question
1 To initialize any port as an output port what value is to be given to
it?
2 Which out of the four ports of 8051 needs a pull-up resistor for
using it is as an input or an output port?
3 Which of the ports act as the 16 bit address lines for transferring
data through it?
4 Which of the following registers are not bit addressable?
5 Which instruction is used to check the status of a single bit?
6 Which addressing mode is used in pushing or popping any element
on or from the stack?
7 Which operator is the most important while assigning any
instruction as register indirect instruction?
8 . What is the advantage of register indirect addressing mode?

9 Which of the following comes under the indexed addressing mode?

MOVX A, @DPTR
10 How many byte of Instruction for implied addressing mode
 2.3.INTERRUPTS
S No Question

1 When an interrupt is enabled, then where does the pointer moves

immediately after this interrupt has occurred?

2 What are the contents of the IE register, when the interrupt of the
memory location 0x00 is caused?

3 After RETI instruction is executed then the pointer will move to

which location in the program?

4 Which pin of the external hardware is said to exhibit INT0 interrupt?

5 Which bit of the IE register is used to enable TxD/RxD interrupt?

. Which of the following combination is the best to enable the

6 external hardware interrupt 0 of the IE register (assuming initially all
bits of the IE register are zero)?
7 Why normally LJMP instructions are the topmost lines of the ISR?
8 Which register is used to make the pulse a level or an edge
triggered pulse?

9 What is the disadvantage of a level triggered pulse?

10 What is the correct order of priority that is set after a controller gets
reset?

11 The number of hardware interrupts that the processor 8085

consists of is

12 The register that stores all the interrupt requests in it in order to

serve them one by one on a priority basis is

13 The register that stores the bits required to mask the interrupt
inputs is

14 The interrupt control logic

15 In a cascaded mode, the number of vectored interrupts provided by

8259A is

16 When the PS(active low)/EN(active low) pin of 8259A used in

buffered mode, then it can be used as a
17 Once the ICW1 is loaded, then the initialization procedure involves

18 When non-specific EOI command is issued to 8259A it will

automatically

19 In the application where all the interrupting devices are of equal

priority, the mode used is
2.4.PROGRAMMING 8051
S No Question
1 DJNZ R0, label is how many bit instructions?

2 JZ, JNZ, DJNZ, JC, JNC instructions monitor the bits of which
register?
Calculate the jump code for again and here if code starts at 0000H
3 MOV R1,#0 MOV A,#0 MOV R0,#25H AGAIN:ADD A,#0ECH JNC
HERE HERE: INC R1 DJNZ R0,AGAIN MOV R0,A END

4 When the call instruction is executed the topmost element of stack

comes out to be

5 What is the time taken by one machine cycle if crystal frequency is

20MHz?
Find the number of times the following loop will be executed MOV
6 R6,#200 BACK:MOV R5,#100 HERE:DJNZ R5, HERE DJNZ
R6,BACK END
7 What is the meaning of the instruction MOV A,05H?

8 Do the two instructions mean the same? BACK: DEC R0 JZ BACK

BACK: DJNZ RO, BACK

9 Which of the following instructions will load the value 35H into the
high byte of timer 0?

10 Bit-addressable memory locations are:

11 The contents of the accumulator after this operation MOV A,#0BH

ANL A,#2CH will be
12 The I/O ports that are used as address and data for external
memory are:

13 MOV A, @ R1 will:

14 Which of the following instructions will move the contents of register

3 to the accumulator?
2.5.KEYBOARD/DISPLAY AND LC
 S No Question
1 Which of the following steps detects the key in a 4*4 keyboard
matrix about the key that is being pressed?

2 What is described by this command: CJNE A,#00001111b, ROW1

3 To detect that in which column, the key is placed?

4 In reading the columns of a matrix, if no key is pressed we should

get all in binary notation
5 If we need to operate a key of a keyboard in an interrupt mode,
then it will generate what kind of interrupt?

6 To identify that which key is being pressed, we need to:

7 Key press detection and Key identification are:

8 How many rows and columns are present in a 16*2 alphanumeric
LCD?
9 How many data lines are there in a 16*2 alphanumeric LCD?
10 Which pin of the LCD is used for adjusting its contrast?
11 For writing commands on an LCD, RS bit is
12 Which command of an LCD is used to shift the entire display to the
right?
Which command is used to select the 2 lines and 5*7 matrix of an
13
LCD?
14 What changes are to be made to send data to an LCD?

15 For reading operation from an LCD what changes in the software

are introduced?

16 Which instruction is used to select the first row first column of an

LCD?
17 The RS pin is an input/output for a controller?
2.6.8051 ADC & DAC
S No Question
1 Why two pins for ground are available in ADC0804?

2 When is the function of the WR pin?

3 State which of the following statements are false?

4 While programming the ADC0804 IC what steps are followed?

5 Step size is selected by which two bits?

6 What is the difference between ADC0804 and MAX1112?

7 Which of the following statements are true about DAC0808?

8 8 input DAC has ________

9 INTR, WR signal is an input/output signal pin?

10 What is the function of the SCLK pin in MAX1112?

2.7.8051 SENSOR
S No Question
1 A thermistor is a __________
2 What is the difference between LM 34 and LM 35 sensors?

3 Transducers produce an output voltage in the form of?

4 What is signal conditioning?

5 What steps have to be followed for interfacing a sensor to a

microcontroller 8051?

6 LM35 has how many pins?

7 Why Vref is set of ADC0848 to 2.56 V if analog input is connected
to the LM35?
2.8. I/O Memory Interfacing
S No Question
If the access time of a cache is 1nS, and the access time of a main
memory is 15nS, assuming that the Cache hit rate is 0.9 and the total
1
number of accesses are 100; then the average access times of the access
with cache and without cache will be

2 Cache design elements are

 The method of mapping the consecutive memory blocks to consecutive
3
cache blocks is called ______.

4 The memory blocks in Main Memory are mapped on to the cache blocks
with the help of ______.
The average time required to reach a storage location in memory and
5
obtain its contents is called_____.

Which of the following statements are true with respect to pipelining. I.

Pipelining is an implementation technique whereby multiple instructions
6 are overlapped in execution. It is not visible to the programmer II. Each
step is called a pipe stage or pipe segment. III. Pipeline machine cycle is
the time required to move an instruction one step down the pipeline

Control signals can be categorized by the pipeline stage that uses them.
7 Which one of the following signal could be used in the Execution stage of
an instruction?

When the number of stages in a pipeline increases from 3 to 5, then the

8
______.

9 What are the ARM 3-stage pipelining stages include?

10 Which of the following is not a stage of pipeline of a RISC processor?

2.9.Stepper motor
S No Question
1  What is the principle on which electromagnetic relays operate?

2 . What are DPDT relays?

3  Why do we need a ULN2803 in driving a relay?

4 Why are solid-state relays advantageous over electromechanical

relays?

5 What are optoisolators?

6  How can we control the speed of a stepper motor?

7 Which of the following can be a unit for torque?

8 The RPM rating given for the DC motor is for?

9 How can we change the speed of a DC motor using PWM?

10 How can the direction of the DC motor be changed?

Module 2 - 8051 Revision

 2.1.ARCHITECTURE
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
CY=1,AC=1,P=0 CY=0,AC=0,P=0 CY=0,AC=1,P=0 CY=1,AC=1,P=1

PSW.5=0 and PSW.2=0 and PSW.3=1 and

PSW.3=0 and PSW.4=1
PSW.4=1 PSW.3=1 PSW.4=1

00-0F 00-7F 00-07 00-2F

PC PSW SP DPTR
DPTR PSW PC  SP

increases & decreases increases with

No change decreases with every push
with every push every push
separate program and data
pipe-ling complex architecture Sup
they provide memory they provide greater
they provide more none of the
greater bandwidth & also more
predictable bandwidth predictable bandwidth mentioned
bandwidth
Partially Harvard
Super scalar Harvard Von Neumann
& Von Neumann

internal bus
width doesn’t
it increases and
it decreases remains the same affect the
turns better
performance in
any way
2.2.INSTRUCTION SET
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
A port is by default an
0xFF 0x01 0x00
output port

PORT 3 PORT 2 PORT 1 PORT 0

PORT 0 and PORT 1 and

PORT 0 and PORT 1 PORT 1 and PORT 2
PORT 2 PORT 3
PCON PSW A SCON
JNB PO.0, label ADD A,#05H CLR P0.05H MOV A,P0
register direct indirect immediate
@ $ & #
it makes use of
it uses the data it makes use of
registers R0 and it is easy
dynamically operator @
R1
MOVX
MOVC @A+DPTR, A MOV @R0, A MOV A,@ R0
A,@DPTR
3 4 1 2
 2.3.INTERRUPTS
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4

to the first location of the

to the first to the next instruction to the end of
memory called the
instruction of ISR which is to be executed the program
interrupt vector table

0xFFH 0xF0H 0x00H 0x10H

next instruction next instruction of the next interrupt
after the RETI in program after the IE none of the mentioned of the interrupt
the memory instruction vector table
pin no 13 pin no 12 pin no 10 pin no 11

IE.D2 IE.D4 IE.D3 IE.D5

so as to jump to
EA=1
some other EX0=1 & EA=1 any of the mentioned EX0=1
location where so as to avoid overwriting
all of the
there is a wider of other interrupt none of the mentioned
mentioned
space of memory instructions another
TCON
available to write SCON IE IPR
interrupt may
the codes be caused if
a constant pulse is to
it is difficult to
difficult to analyze its the signal is
be maintained for a
produce effects still low before
greater span of time
the completion
of
EX0 the> last
T0 >
TxD/RxD < T1 < TxD/RxD > T1 > T0 >EX1 EX0 < T0 < EX1 < T1 < instruction
EX1 >T1>
T0<EX1 < EX0 > EX0 TxD/RxD
TxD/RxD

1 7 5 3

Interrupt Request In-Service

Priority resolver Interrupt Mask Register
Register Register

In-service
Priority resolver None Interrupt Mask register
register
accepts
manages manages interrupt interrupt
all of the mentioned
interrupts acknowledge signals acknowledge
signal

4 64 8 16

input to designate chip

buffer disable buffer enable none
is master or slave
 slave mode
all of the
edge sense circuit is reset IMR is cleared address is set
mentioned
to 7

set the INTR reset the INTR set the ISR reset the ISR

Automatic EOI
Specific rotation Automatic rotation EOI
mode
2.4.PROGRAMMING 8051
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
Can’t be
1 2 3 determined

B DPTR A PSW

E9,01 F3,02 F9,01 E3,02

the address
next address of the address of the call the address next to the
stack pointer where stack
instruction call instruction
pointer starts
0.60 micro 1.085 micro
1 micro seconds 0.75 micro seconds
seconds seconds

20000 2000 200 100

address 05H is fifth bit of
data 05H is stored in
stored in the none of the mentioned accumulator is
the accumulator
accumulator set
yes to one
and the
 no cant be determined yes second one is
preferred

MOV TH0,#35 MOV T0,#35 MOV T0,35H MOV TH0,35

10H through
30H through 3FH 20H through 2FH 40H through 4FH
1FH

101000 11011010 1000 11010111

ports 1 and 2 ports 0 and 2 ports 0 and 3 ports 1 and 3

copy the accumulator

copy the copy the contents of
to the contents of copy R1 to the
accumulator to memory whose address is
memory whose accumulator
R1 in R1 to the accumulator
address is in R1

MOV A, R3 MOV 3R, A MOV R3, A MOV A, 3R

2.5.KEYBOARD/DISPLAY AND LCD
 Option the
it compares 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option
checking that4
value of the
all of the ensuring that initially, all itmasking
compares the value whether
of bits it masksthe thekey
bit
accumulator
mentioned with itthe makes
keys the
are value
open of the is actually
of the accumulator with and then
0FH and jumps to accumulator 0FH and then pressed or not
0FH and jumps to the jumps to the
the location jumps at the address
location where ROW1 label where
where ROW1 where ROW1 label is
label is there if the ROW1 is
label
we can rotate the written
is there if
value becomes equal written
the
bits value is not
and then
equal
check that
particular bit we can mask the bits and all of the
none of the mentioned
which is set or then check it mentioned
reset(according
to the particular
condition)

1 F 7 0

ES EX0/EX1 RESET T0/T1

connect all the pins of ground pins of

none of the ground all the pins of the
the port to the main the
two port one at
different
mentioned port at a time
supply at a time a time
works are
none of the
the same processes any of the mentioned done in
mentioned
rows=16, rows=2,
rows=2, columns=16 rows=16, columns=2 Keyboard
columns=16 columns=32
Interfacing
8 16 1 0
pin no 2 pin no 3 pin no 4 pin no 1
none of the
set & reset set reset
mentioned
0x07 0x05 0x18 0x1C
0x01 0x06 0x0e 0x38
set the E bit set the RS bit all of the mentioned set the R/W bit

low to high pulse at E

low to high pulse none of the
R/W pin is set high pin & R/W pin is set
at E pin mentioned
high

0x80 0xc0 0x0c 0x08

none of the
input & output output input
mentioned
2.6.8051 ADC & DAC
Option 1 the
for controlling Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
for controlling the analog
ADCON0 and for both parts of the none of the
its active high
its active low and the digital pins of the
ADCON1 register chip respectively
its active high input
mentioned
input used to
input controller
of theused to
controller its active high input used to
used to inform inform
inform ADC0804, inform ADC0804, about ADC0804 IC is
CLK ADC0804, about the ADC0804,
aboutINthe
pinstart
is of the end of conversion an 8 bit parallel
used to tell about end
INTR pin tells about the about
of conversion ADC inthethestart
conversion None of the mentioned
the conversion of conversion
end of the conversion family of the
time ADC0800
series
 select the
analog
channel,
select the analog channel, activate the
select the analog
select the channel, activate the ALE signal (H ALE signal (L
channel, start the
start the to L pulse), start the conversion, monitor the to H pulse),
conversion, end conversion, monitor the conversion, display the start the
the conversion conversion, read the digital digital results conversion,
None of the results monitor the
Vref/2 & Vin Vin
ADC0804 is used for Vref/2
mentioned conversion,
ADC0804 has
adc and dac read
ADC0804 has 32 bits and 8 bitsthe
anddigital
None of the conversions whereas results
MAX1112 has 3 bit for MAX1112 has
mentioned MAX1112 is used for
data output 1 bit for data
it has current as parallel digital data to serial data None
all of the mentioned outputof the
an output analog data conversion transmissions mentioned
8 discrete voltage 256 discrete voltage 124 discrete
64 discrete voltage levels levels
levels voltage levels
one is input and
none of the
the other is both are output both are input
mentioned
output

It is used to bring data

It is used to get It is used to get output out and send in the It is used to
serial output clock control byte, one at a bring data in
time

2.7.8051 SENSOR
one’s output
Option 1
voltage Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
one requires
corresponds to
micro controller transducer sensor adc
external
the Fahrenheit one is of low precision
one is a sensor and the calibration and
temperature and and the other is of
other is a transducer the other
an analog
the other
an analog voltage higher precision
an analog voltage in doesn’t
voltage require
in the
corresponds
in the form ofto all of the mentioned
the form of voltage itform of
the Celsius
current
temperature pressure or
conversion
conversion from
digital to analog is conversion from analog to to analyse any signal modification is
signal conditioning digital is signal conditioning make
referred to as
connections
conditioning of
8051 with an
make the appropriate ADC to convert
interface sensor with the
connections with the analog voltage
None of the MAX232, send now to
controller, ADC to digital one,
mentioned microcontroller, analyse
conversion, analyse send this
the results
the results digital value to
the controller,
1 2 3 analyse
4 the
to set the ground to set the step size of the results
all of the mentioned  g/m
for the chip sampled input
2.8. I/O Memory Interfacing
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4

250 nS and 1500 20 nS and 2000

250 mS and 150 nS 25 nS and 1500 nS
nS nS

Block size Cache size Mapping functions All of the above

 Set associative Associative Direct Indirect

Hash functions Vectors Mapping functions Set Associative

Latency time Access time Turnaround time Response time

I is true I and III are true II and III are False None of them
are true

MemRead RegWrite ALUop PCsrc

Throughput Throughput and latency Throughput

Latency reduces increases and
reduces increases
latency reduces

Fetch, Decode, Fetch, Decode,

Write Fetch, Decode, Execute Fetch, Execute, Write Execute, Write

read registers and access an

decode the fetch instructions from write result into a operand in data
registers register
instructions memory
2.9.Stepper motor
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
electromagnetic
motor control  switching Indusing
induction
 Single pole,  Double pole, double
Single pole, double throw Single pole
single throw throw
for switching a  for increasing the for switching
for increasing the current
motor power the voltage

they need zero  they need less current to they need less voltage to electromagneti
voltage circuit be energised be energised c induction

it is a device that can

it is a thing isolated from be used as an
it is a driver  switching
the entire world electromagnetic relay
without a driver
by controlling its by controlling its wave  cant be
by controlling its torque
switching rate drive 4 step sequence controlled

kg/m2 ounce-inch kg-m3  g/m

for switching a
 no-loaded loaded Full
motor
 By changing
By changing duty cycle By increasing
amplitude of By keeping fixed duty cycle
of PWM power of PWM
PWM

 by changing the

by changing the by changing the switching  by changing
polarity of voltages
torque speed the RPM rating
connected to the leads
 Answer
CY=1,AC=1,P=0

PSW.3=0 and
PSW.4=1

00-07
PC
PSW

increases with
every push
they
Sup provide
greater bandwidth
& also more
predictable
bandwidth
Von Neumann

it increases and
turns better

Answer
A port is by
default an output
port
PORT 0

PORT 0 and PORT

2
PCON
JNB PO.0, label
direct
@

it uses the data

dynamically

MOVC @A+DPTR,
A
1
 Answer
to the first
location of the
memory called the
interrupt vector
table

0x00H
next instruction of
the program after
the IE instruction
pin no 12

IE.D4

EX0=1 & EA=1

all of the
mentioned
TCON
another interrupt
may be caused if
the signal is still
low before the
completion of the
last instruction
EX0 > T0 > EX1
>T1> TxD/RxD

Interrupt Request
Register

Interrupt Mask
register

all of the
mentioned

64

buffer enable
all of the
mentioned

reset the ISR

Automatic rotation

Answer
2

PSW

E9,01

the address next

to the call
instruction
0.60 micro
seconds

20000
address 05H is
stored in the
accumulator
NO

MOV TH0,#35

20H through 2FH

1000

ports 0 and 2

copy the contents

of memory whose
address is in R1 to
the accumulator

MOV A, R3
 Answer
it compares the
all of the
value of the
mentioned
accumulator with
0FH and jumps to
the location where
ROW1 label is
there if the value
is not equal

all of the
mentioned

EX0/EX1

ground pins of the

port one at a time
two different
works are done in
Keyboard
rows=2,
Interfacing
columns=16
8
pin no 3
reset
0x1C
0x38
set the RS bit

low to high pulse

at E pin & R/W pin
is set high

0x80

output

Answer the
for controlling
analog and the
its active
digital low
pins of the
input used to
controller
inform ADC0804,
about the start of
None of the
conversion
mentioned
select the analog
channel, activate
the ALE signal (L
to H pulse), start
the conversion,
monitor the
conversion, read
Vref/2
the digital results
ADC0804 has 8
bits and MAX1112
has 1 bit for data
parallel digital
output
data to analog
data conversion
256 discrete
voltage levels

one is input and

the other is output

It is used to bring
data out and send
in the control
byte, one at a time

one’s output
voltageAnswer
corresponds
transducer to
the Fahrenheit
temperature and
the other
all of the
corresponds to
mentioned
the Celsius
conversion
temperatureor
modification is
referred to as
make connections
conditioning
of 8051 with an
ADC to convert
analog voltage to
digital one, send
this digital value
to the controller,
analyse the
results
3
to set the step
size of the
sampled input
Answer

250 nS and 1500 nS

All of the above

Direct

Mapping functions

Access time

I and III are true

ALUop

Throughput and
latency increases

Fetch, Decode,
Execute

fetch instructions
from registers

Answer
electromagnetic
induction
 Double pole,
double throw
for increasing the
current
 they need less
current to be
energised

it is a device that
can be used as an
electromagnetic
relay without a
driver
by controlling its
switching rate

ounce-inch
 no-loaded

By changing duty
cycle of PWM

 by changing the

polarity of
voltages
connected to the
leads
 3.1: ARM7
S No Question
1 How many bit data bus is used in ARM7EJ-s?

2 What are t, d, m, I stands for in ARM7TDMI?

3 How many registers are there in ARM7?

4 What is the cache memory for ARM710T?

5 What is the capability of ARM7 f instruction for a second?
6 Which of the following has the same instruction set as ARM7?
7 What are the profiles for ARM architecture?
8 ARM7DI operates in which mode?
9 In which of the following ARM processors virtual memory is present?
10 How many instructions pipelining is used in ARM7EJ-S?
3.2: ARM9
S No Question
1 Which of the two architecture saves memory?

2 Which of the following supports CISC as well as Harvard architecture?

3 Why most of the DSPs use Harvard architecture?

4 Which microcontroller doesn’t match with its architecture below?

5 Which architecture provides separate buses for program and data memory?

6 The effective address of the instruction written in Post-indexed mode,

MOVE[Rn]+Rm is _______

7 Which architecture is followed by general purpose microprocessors?

8 How many types of architectures are available, for designing a device that is
able to work on its own?
9 The address space in ARM is ___________
10 Harvard architecture has _____________

3.3: ARM Instruction set

S No Question
1 Which of the following register in ARM7 is used to point to the location of
currently executing instruction in a program?
2 How do Direct Addressing Mode instructions compare with respect to the
Indirect Addressing Mode instructions?
3 How many bits are required to specify the Register operands in an ARM7
instruction?
When the processor is executing simple data processing instructions, the
4 pipeline enables one instruction to be completed every clock cycle, this is
also called as _____
If an instruction takes 3 cycles for execution, then how many cycles are
5 needed for executing 4 instructions of the same type in a sequence using a
3-stage pipeline? Assume that there are no interrupts or exceptions while
executing them.

6 An instruction that is used to move data from an ARM Register to a Status

Register (CPSR or SPSR) is called _______.
7 Instruction used to Test equality of two 32-bit values in ARM7 is called
_____.

8 Instruction used to multiply R5 contents by R4 and to store the result into R6

is called
9 Status of Z flag after the execution of CMP instruction given below, when R0
= 12; R9 = 12; is CMP R0, R9
10 Which of the following instruction ignores Operand1
3.4: Thumb instruction set
S No Question

1 Thumb-2 technology enhances the 16 bit Thumb instruction set with

2 What is the instruction set used by ARM7?

3 What are t, d, m, I stands for in ARM7TDMI?

4 MRC, MCR are the _______________.

5 Which of the following is NOT an extension to the ARM instruction set?

 Which type of branching instructions of thumb possesses 11-bit address &
6 is generally applicable for slightly longer jumps in order to implement the
instructions like GOTO of high level languages?

7 What is the use of Thumb instructions in ARM processor ?

8 Which function is used to switch between normal mode to thumb mode.

9 An ARM object file should contain symbols identifying the regions

10 Thumb-2 follows the instruction with

3.5: Interfacing of sensors
S No Question
1 Which of the following is correct about LM35 based sensors?

2 What is the difference between the LM34 and the LM35 based sensors?

3 LM35 provides _______ V for each degree count?

4 What is the temperature for LM35 sensor if the analog output is 0011 1001?

5 In an external hardware, there are how many pins available for the LM35
and the LM34 based sensors?
6 Do LM34 and LM35 based sensors have linear output?

7 which sensor is LM35?

8 Which of the following is the Wireless battery-free sensor?

9 Which sensor is used for monitor electric distribution and switching
equipment temperature?
10 What is DS18B20?

3.6: Seven segment display

S No Question
1 What is/are the consequences of driving the LED in the form of an output
function?

2 What is the possible range of current limiting resistor essential for lightening
the LED in certain applications after pressing the push-button?

3 What is the purpose of blanking (BI) associated with the 7-segment display
operations?

4 What does the RAM location at 44H indicates about the seven segment
code?

5 How are the port pins of microcontroller are calculated for time-multiplexing
types of display?

6 The individual segments are coded as

7 Most 7 segment displays are driven with an encoder that converts a binary
coded nibble into a
8 The input bits 0-7 are represented by

9 Individual segments in 7 segment display are coded

10 which of the below mentioned formats is supported by 7 segment display?

3.7: A/D and D/A

S No Question
1 LPC2148 ARM consists of ............ in built ADC.
2 ADC1 of LPC2148 consists of ..................... channels
3 ADC0 of LPC2148 consists of ..................... channels
4 Which of the following method is used in LPC2148 ARM to convert an
analog signal to digital?

5 Power down mode (PDN) is available in

6 If the combination of CLKS bits in AD0 control register is '010', then how may
bits can be converted into digital with respect to clock pulses?
7 When is the Overrun bit in the global data register enabled?

8 Which of the triggering method is used when interfacing ADC with ARM?
9 Which LCD display is present in LPC 2148 Development Board?

10 Which IDE is supported by LPC2148 board?

3.8 : Arduino Architecture

S No Question
1 How many types of arduinos do we have?
2 What is the microcontroller used in Arduino UNO?
3 What does p refer to in ATmega328p?

4 Arduino shields are also called as _________

5 How many digital pins are there on the UNO board?

6 _________ board allows sewn into clothing.
7 ___________ are pre built circuit boards that fit on top of Android.
8 How many analog pins are used in Arduino Mega board?
9 A program written with the IDE for Arduino is called _________
10 Arduino IDE consists of 2 functions. What are they?

3.9: Basic programming

S No Question
1 What does GPIO stand for?

2 What license is Arduino distributed under?

3 A function is a series of programming statements that can be called by

name. Which command is called once when the program starts
4 It starts with a /* and continues until a */ What does this do?

5 Arduino is a prototype based on an easy-to-use?

6 Which of the following is the Programming Interface for Arduino mini 05?

7 Which of the following is true about Arduino?

8 In the Arduino, what is the symbol used to calculate modulo?

9 Which of the following variable types are NOT recognized by the Arduino?

10 Which of the following programming language is used for controlling the

Arduino?
3.1: ARM7
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
32-bit 16-bit 8-bit Both 16 and 32 bit 32-bit
Thumb,
Timer, Debug, Timer, Debug, Thumb, Debug, Thumb, Debug,
Debug,
Multiplex, ICE Modulation, IS Multiplier, ICE Multiplier, ICE
Multiplier, IS

37 registers(28
35 register( 28 37 registers(31 35 register(30 GPR 37 registers(31
GPR and 9
GPR and 7 SPR) GPR and 6 SPR) and 5 SPR) GPR and 6 SPR)
SPR)

12Kb 16Kb 32Kb 8Kb 8Kb

110 MIPS 150 MIPS 125 MIPS 130 MIPS 130 MIPS
ARM6 ARMv3 ARM71a0 ARMvaT ARMv3
A,R A,M A,R,M R,M A,R,M
Both big and little Neither big nor little Both big and
Big Endian Little Endian Endian Endian little Endian
ARM7DI ARM7TDMI-S ARM7TDMI ARM7EJ-S ARM7DI
3-Stage 4-Stage 5-Stage 2-stage 5-Stage
3.2: ARM9
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
b) Von c) Harvard & Von d) None of the b) Von
a) Harvard
Neumann Neumann mentioned Neumann
d) None of the
ARM7 ARM9 SHARC SHARC
mentioned

c) they provide
c) they provide
b) they provide greater
a) they provide greater bandwidth
more d) they provide lower bandwidth &
greater & also more
predictable bandwidth also more
bandwidth predictable
bandwidth predictable
bandwidth
bandwidth

a) Microchip PIC- b) MSP430- c) ARM7- Von b) MSP430-

Harvard d) ARM9- Harvard
Harvard Neumann Harvard
b) Von
a) Harvard c) BCS a) Harvard
Neumann d) NST architecture
architecture architecture architecture
architecture
b) EA = [Rn +
a) EA = [Rn] c) EA = [Rn] + Rm d) EA = [Rm] + Rn a) EA = [Rn]
Rm]
b) Von
a) Harvard c) None of the d) All of the c) None of the
Neumann
architecture mentioned mentioned mentioned
architecture

3 2 1 4 2
2(2^24) 2(^64) 2(^16) 2(^32) 2(^32)
 a) dedicated
buses for data b) pipeline c) complex d) all of the d) all of the
and program technique architecture mentioned mentioned
memory
3.3: ARM Instruction set
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
R1 R5 R15 R8 R15

Faster Slower No difference None of the above Faster

32 bits 16 bits 4 bits 2 bits 4bits

Throughput Latency Execution None of the above Throughput

12 cycles 6 cycles 9 cycles 4 cycles 6 cycles

MRC MRS MSR MCS MSR

TEQ TST EOR None of the above TEQ

MUL R6, R5, MUL R6, R5, MUL R6, R5, LSR #2 ADD R6, R5, R4 MUL R6, R5, R4
LSL #2 R4
Same as previous
Z=1 Z=0 None of the above Z =1
value
MOV MUL ADD SUB MOV
3.4: Thumb instruction set
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer

Intermixing of 32 Intermixing of
Only 32 bits Only 16 bits
bits and 16 bits None of the above 32 bits and 16
instructions instructions
instructions bits instructions

Thumb 16-bit 32-bit Thumb 64-bit Thumb 8-bit Thumb 16-bit

instruction set instruction set instruction set instruction set instruction set

Thumb,
Timer, Debug, Timer, Debug, Thumb, Debug, Thumb, Debug,
Debug,
Multiplex, ICE Modulation, IS Multiplier, IS Multiplier, ICE
Multiplier, ICE

Both Co-processor Co-processor

Co-processor
Thumb register transfer
register transfer Shift instructions register transfer
instructions instructions and Thumb
instructions instructions

Trust Zone Thumb Jazelle NEON Thumb

 Medium Range Medium Range
Short Conditional Long Range
Unconditional None of the above Unconditional
Branch Subroutine Calls
Branch Branch

both code both code

density and low low power density and low
code density data density
power consumption power
consumption consumption

libopcodes objdump strmi None of the above objdump

All the above arm code ($a) thumb code ($t) literal data ($d) All the above

either variable or
variable length fixed length None of the above variable length
fixed length
3.5: Interfacing of sensors
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
its output voltage its output none of the all of the above its output
is directly voltage is mentioned voltage is
proportional to directly directly
the Celsius scale proportional to proportional to
the Fahrenheit the Celsius
scale scale

one requires one has output one is fast other is all of the mentioned one has output
external voltage slow voltage
calibration while proportional to proportional to
other does not the Celsius the Celsius
scale while scale while
others have to others have to
the Fahrenheit the Fahrenheit
scale scale

1 0.1 0.001 10 0.001

3 9 57 41 57

2 3 10 1 3

yes no depends on the can't say yes

condition
Pressure sensor Humidity Temperature Touch sensor Temperature
sensor sensor sensor
LM35 RFM3200 ESP8266 DHT11 RFM3200
LM35 ESP8266 DHT11 RFM3200 RFM3200

Pressure sensor Touch sensor Humidity sensor Temperature sensor Temperature

sensor
3.6: Seven segment display
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
 Pin sources the Pin sinks the Pin sources the Pin sinks the current Pin sinks the
current when current when current when when made low by current when
made low without made high made high by glowing LED made low by
glowing LED without glowing LED glowing LED
glowing LED

25-55 Ω 55-110 Ω 110-220 Ω 220-330 Ω 220-330 Ω

To turn ON the To turn OFF To pulse To pulse modulate To turn OFF the
display the display modulate the the lightness of display & To
brightness of display pulse modulate
display the brightness
of display

7-segment code 7-segment Display of select Display of select 7-segment code

for the third code for the code for third code for fourth for the third
character fourth display display character
character
4 + number of 4 raised to the 4 – number of 4 x number of digits 4 + number of
digits to be number of digits to be to be displayed digits to be
displayed digits to be displayed displayed
displayed
a,b,c,d a,b,c,d,e a,b,c,d,e,f,g a,a,a,c,d,e,f a,b,c,d,e,f,g
Binary number Numeric Octal number Hexadecimal number Numeric
number number
eight linear seven linear eight Boolean seven Boolean eight Boolean
expression expression expression expression expression
randomly clockwise anti clockwise 7 to 0 randomly
Common Common gate Common source Common drain Common
cathode cathode
3.7: A/D and D/A
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
2 3 4 5 2
7 8 9 10 8
5 6 7 8 6
Successive R - 2R ladder Dual slope method Integrated method Successive
approximation network approximation
method method
AD0 Control AD1 Control AD0 Global data AD1 Global data AD0 Control
register register register regsiter register
10 clocks / 9 bits 9 clocks / 8 8 clocks / 7 bits 7 clocks / 6 bits 9 clocks / 8 bits
bits
If the system is in If the system is If the system is in None of the above If the system is
normal mode in burst mode sleep mode in burst mode

Level triggering Edge Both a & b None of the above Edge triggering
method triggering method
method
 8*8 LED 2*32 LCD 2*16 LCD 2*16 LCD on-chip 2*16 LCD on-
connected chip
peripherally
Code Blocks AVR Studio 4 Keil uVersion 4 Walldorf Keil uVersion 4

3.8 : Arduino Architecture

Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
5 6 7 8 8
ATmega328p ATmega2560 ATmega32114 AT91SAM3x8E ATmega328p
Production Pico-Power Power-Pico Programmable on Pico-Power
chip
Extra peripherals Add on Connectivity Another Arduinos Add on
modules modules modules
14 12 16 20 14
UNO RedBoard LilyPad Mega LilyPad
Sensor Data types Breadboard Sheilds Sheilds
16 14 12 8 16
IDE source Sketch Cryptography Source code Sketch
Build() and loop() Setup() and Setup() and loop() Loop() and build() Setup() and
build() and setup() loop()
3.9: Basic programming
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Answer
General Purpose General General Purpose General Purpose Input General
Inner Outer Purpose Input Interested Old Output Processor Purpose Input
Propeller Output Pins People Output Pins
Proprietary with Proprietary LGPL or GPL Shareware Proprietary
GNU GPL license
Ambient user
interface
loop() setup() (output) (input) setup()

Loads a sketch Makes Compiles quicker Makes stars appear Makes

comments comments
hardware software Both A and B None of the above Both A and B
FTDI-Compatible USB via USB via FTDI Native USB FTDI-
Header ATMega16U2 Compatible
Header
Arduino boards Arduino IDE Arduino provides All of the above All of the above
are able to read uses a a standard form
analog or digital simplified factor that breaks
input signals version of C++, the functions of
from different making it the micro-
sensors easier to learn controller into a
to program. more accessible
package.

% # & * %
Float Integer Long All of these variable All of these
types are recognized variable types
by the arduino are recognized
by the arduino

Assembly C Language JAVA Any Language Any Language

Language