Q1.
Project Abstract (1000 words)
1. Describe project objective/ use case/ solution.
2. Describe technical outline of the project.
Cities everywhere are growing. Estimates indicate that by 2050 about 68% of the
total population will be living in urban areas. It is a priority to find solutions on how to manage
costs and logistics, while creating a liveable and attractive environment for citizens to live.
We believe that it is easier to begin a smart city journey with smart streetlights. In
current years, the street light control is automated. One such system is to change the
resistance by using the light-sensitive device to control street lamps that lights up
automatically in the evening after dark and turns off automatically in the morning. But the
reliability of this method is less. Though it reduces the man power, it does not conserve
energy spent during night time. It also exposed a problem that it cannot meet the needs of
the growing street lamp information and intelligent management. Therefore there is an
urgent need to develop a highly intelligent street lighting system. Thus to cater the needs
mentioned above we have come up with a solution.
A smart street lighting system would mean that the lights would remain on at
maximum intensity till a certain time till the traffic is high.As soon as the traffic levels reduces
all the lights should go to a desired minimum intensity and as any vehicle is detected
approaching, the intensity of lights would go to maximum. The main aim of the project is to
save energy and the principle used for this is vehicle movement sensing through the
piezoelectric sensors deployed on the roads and controlling the intensity of street lights
according to the decisions taken by the microcontroller used. To accomplish this, we need to
divide the roads at different intervals such that a minimum of 5-6 lights fall in one interval.
The interval would have a microcontroller placed in one of the light poles that would govern
the tasks that happen in the interval. The start of the interval has a strip of sensors that
senses a vehicle approaching and due to this the lights in the interval glows when a vehicle
comes in. As soon as the vehicle is sensed by the sensor of the next interval the lights of the
next interval starts glowing turning off the previous one.
The type of sensor that we have used here is a piezoelectric sensor. These sensors
are buried under the road within strips made using epoxy resin which would make the entire
structure waterproof and durable. They are distributed in a uniform order along the strip.The
microcontroller used in each interval uses WIFI module to communicate with the controller of
the trailing interval and with the one from the upcoming interval. Numerous such intervals
would form a network in which one of the controllers will act as the master controller. This
master controller has access to the internet and will monitor and send all the data from a
particular network to the base station(nav nahi suchla).
Along with monitoring vehicles we also have an error detection system which would
detect any failures in the system. For this there will be LDRs placed near the LED bulbs
which will sense any abnormality in the functioning of the bulbs. The system would have a
base station related to it and all the lights that have ceased to function would be reported on
the base station along with their exact position. So that the department responsible for the
management of light can go and fix them.
