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Chap - 28 - New

Esters are formed by heating alcohols and carboxylic acids together in a reaction that requires an acid catalyst. They have a distinctive fruity smell due to their volatile nature and contain the functional group -COO-, making them useful in perfumes and food flavorings. Ester formation is demonstrated by the reaction of ethanol and ethanoic acid to produce ethyl ethanoate. Esters are named using the alcohol and acid components, such as ethyl propanoate being formed from ethanol and propanoic acid.

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53 views1 page

Chap - 28 - New

Esters are formed by heating alcohols and carboxylic acids together in a reaction that requires an acid catalyst. They have a distinctive fruity smell due to their volatile nature and contain the functional group -COO-, making them useful in perfumes and food flavorings. Ester formation is demonstrated by the reaction of ethanol and ethanoic acid to produce ethyl ethanoate. Esters are named using the alcohol and acid components, such as ethyl propanoate being formed from ethanol and propanoic acid.

Uploaded by

Abubakar Siddiq Ramin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHEMISTRY IGCSE NOTES

Chapter – 28

Esters - If we heat alcohols and carboxylic acids together they’ll form an ester. Esters
are a homologous series which contain the functional group ‘-COO’ and can be
identified by their distinctive fruity smell. They also evaporate easily (we say they are
volatile) which makes them a useful group of compounds to use in perfumes and food
flavourings.

Let’s look at the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid to produce the ester, ethyl
ethanoate. This reaction requires an acid catalyst, which is usually concentrated sulfuric
acid.

CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH → CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O

Naming esters - The first part of the name comes from the alcohol and the second part
from the carboxylic acid. For example, the ester ethyl propanoate would have been
formed by reacting ethanol and propanoic acid together.

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