OBJECTIVES OF COURSE
To develop ability of students in planning and
management techniques for various construction
projects.
COURSE CONTENTS
Introduction:
The construction industry, nature and challenges, key players,
Management issues and need for improved organization and
management structures with particular reference to local
construction industry, project management objectives,
processes and responsibilities, Project Life Cycle (PLC),
value engineering, normal track versus fast track
construction.
Project scoping, Bidding and Preconstruction
Planning:
Defining project scope, pre-qualification process, bidding
process, overview of pre-construction planning aspects
including area and site investigation, constructability review,
site layout planning, contractor’s team organization chart,
preliminary schedules, mobilization plan.
COURSE CONTENTS
Project Planning, Scheduling and Controlling by
Deterministic Models:
Work breakdown structure (WBS), Project activities and
their types, Estimating activity durations, Establishing
activity sequencing, Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM)
overview, Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM),
Scheduling using rectangular bar chart, CPM
scheduling, determining the minimum total cost of a
project. Resource scheduling and leveling, cost loaded
schedule, Cash flow analysis, Project control during
construction, Record Keeping, Project Supervision,
Schedule and cost control
COURSE CONTENTS
Project Planning, Scheduling and Controlling by
Probabilistic Models:
Program evaluation and review technique (PERT),
Statistical tools including mean, variance, and standard
deviation. Probability distribution, Beta Curves and
center limit theorem
REFERENCE BOOKS
Managing the construction process: estimating,
scheduling, and project control by Frederick E.
Gould.
Construction planning and scheduling by Jimmie W.
Hinze (3rd edition)
Construction jobsite management by William R.
Mincks and hal Johnston (3rd edition)
Constriction contracts by Jimmie Hinze (3rd edition)
Construciton project management: An integrated
approach by Peter Fewings. (2nd edition)
EVALUATION
Mid-term exams
Final exam
Quizzes
Final exam
Assignments/ class projects
Attendance (80%)
…etc.
INTRODUCTION
Definition of a Project
A project is an venture that is undertaken to produce the
results that are expected from the requesting party. OR
A project is defined as “a unique set of co-ordinated
activities with definite starting and finishing points,
undertaken by an individual or organization to meet
specific objectives within defined schedule, cost and
performance parameters”.
A project may refer to design only, construction only, or
a combination of both.
INTRODUCTION
A project generally consists of three
components:
scope,
budget, and
schedule.
“Scope” represents the work to be accomplished, i.e., the
quantity and quality of work
“Budget” refers to costs, measured in PKR.
“Schedule” refers to the logical sequencing and timing of the
work or activities to be performed.
Quality of a project must meet the owner's satisfaction and is
an integral part of project management .
INTRODUCTION
Balanced approach i.e. equilateral triangle
Increase in scope requires increase in other two items
and vice-versa
Quality is an integral
part of scope, budget,
and schedule
INTRODUCTION
Balanced concept is sometimes not fully recognized
during early project development as well as during
design and construction.
Failure in defining the scope of project.
Too often the focus is on budget or schedule.
Connectivity is much important in project
management. Simultaneous approach
INTRODUCTION
Budgeting
Amount of money the owner will spend to obtain the project
Amount of money that the design and construction
organizations will be compensated for performing work.
Each party is concerned about project cost.
Scheduling
It brings together project definition, people, cost, resources,
timing, and methods of performing work to define the logical
sequencing of activities for the project.
Final product of scope definition, budgeting, and planning and
forms the base against which all activities are measured.
Project tracking and control cannot be accomplished without
a good plan and schedule.
INTRODUCTION
Project definition is the development of the project scope
up to the planning application stage, so that the risks have
been identified and the value for money (VFM) has been
optimized to suit the business needs.
Quality
Quality is meeting the needs and satisfaction of the
ultimate end user of the project, the owner or public.
Responsibility of all participants in a project.
An attitude of achieving quality must be instilled in everyone.
The attitude should be "what can we do to improve our work
and what is the best way we can furnish a project that
meets the needs and satisfaction of the owner?"
THE ENGINEERING PROJECT
Project
Architectural Civil Mechanical Electrical
Works works Works Works
Types of Construction Projects :
- Building construction
- Roads Construction
- Bridges (flyovers), and underpasses
- Dams and barrages construction
- Irrigation projects (canal lining)
- Water supply Systems
- Sewerage and Storm water systems
- Transmission and telecommunication towers
- Seaports, harbors and docks construction
PROJECT CYCLE
Studies, design,
Taking- over,
tendering
and operation
Implementation
& supervision
MAIN STAGES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
1. Concept : identify the project needs, and objectives
2. Technical studies as feasibility study, possibility of implementation,
primary cost, and possibility of financing …..etc.
3. Preliminary design
4. Detailed design including architectural, structural, electrical, mechanical.
5. Tender documents.
6. Tendering
7. Contract Award
8. Contract agreement
9. Starting construction
10. Preliminary handing over the project
11. The operation of the project
12. Maintenance period
13. Project final handing over.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT CYCLE
Full
Operations
Installation Substantially
Percent Complete
Com plete
Major Contracts
Let
Project "GO"
Decision
Stage II Stage III Stage IV
Stage I
F e a s a bilit y P la nning & D e s ign C o ns t ruc t io n T urno v e r
- P ro ject Fo rmulatio n - B ase Design - M anufacturing & S t a rt Up
- Feasabiltiy Studies - Co st & Schedule - Delivery - Final Testing
- Strategies Design & - Co ntract Terms & - Civil Wo rk - M aintenance
A ppro val Co nditio ns. - Installatio n
- Detailed P lanning - Testing
Figure 1.1 : Construction Projects Life-Cycle (Ref: PMBK, 2000)
THE PROJECT PARTIES
The Employer /Owner / Client
The consultant: who appointed by the
employer to do the design and bidding
documents and supervise the construction
work.
The contractor: who was approved by the
employer to implement the works according to
the submitted bid.
OTHER PARTIES
Municipalities, ministries,
suppliers, technicians
Subcontracts, workers,
Insurance companies
Banks and other financing agencies.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT TEAMS
Main tasks for engineering teams in the project are :
- design
- Implementation / construction
- supervision
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT TEAMS
RESOURCES OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Money
Insufficient money vs. delay in completion vs. escalation
Man
Skilled and unskilled manpower
Material
Cost of material is usually 50% of the project cost
Local availability of material is much important
Machine and equipment
Economical as per requirements of specific projects
Management
Function is to plan, organize, control and coordinate the
use of different resources to achieve the desired goal.
ASSIGNMENT # 1
Kindly manage yourself and friends
QUESTIONS?
