- 159 -
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 160 -
8.1 VLAN qdw
k mbmvJ
VLAN qdw
k mudt"d
k ymÜ ,fziG rhf ,fq&kd ifLAN tzGUJ wpfcjk zpfatmifzefw;D xm;wmudVLAN
k
vdac:Yk Eikd yf gw,f/odaYk omfVLAN rSmuGJjym;wJhPhysical Connection awmh½EdS ikd yf gw,f/'gayr,fh
VLAN xJrSmcsdwfqufxm;wJNetwork h awG[mqd&k ifSingle Network wpfcw k nf;rSmyJcsw d f
qufxm;wmjzpfygw,f/
VLAN udkzefwD;&jcif;taMumif;uawmhNetwork Traffic awGavQmcs h Eikd &f efEiS Net-
hf
work Size udavQ k mch say;Edik &f eftwGuNetwork f Administrator awGonfNetwork Segmenting
twGuf toH;k jyK&jcif;yJjzpfygw,f/
VLAN onfNetwork &JUPerformance udkvnf;ydkNyD;wdk;wufoGm;atmifvkyfay;ygw,f/
uRefawmfwdkYawG[mLarge Network awGudkcsdwfqufwJhae&mrSmVLAN udktoHk;jyK&wmuawmh
Broadcast Domain awGuavQ kd mch say;&efEiS Network
hf &JUTraffic udavQ
k mch say;Edik zf &Ykd eftwGuf
toH;k jyKae&jcif;yJjzpfygw,f/
uRefawmfwdkYawG[mSwitching Network rSmVLAN awGuzef kd w;D Edik yf gw,f/odaYk omf
VLAN udzef k w;D r,fq&kd ifawmhLayer 2 Swtich ESiLayer hf 3 Switch wdkYrSmyJVLAN udkzefwD;
Edik rf mS jzpfygw,f/VLAN qdw k monfBroadcast Domain wpfcjk zpfygw,f/
yHrk eS t
f m;jzifqh &kd ifawmhBroadcast Domain awGudkRouter awGuyJjyKvkyfEdkifwmjzpfygw,f/
odkYaomfuRefawmfwdkYuVLAN udkzefwD;vdkufr,fqdk&ifawmhVLAN zefwD;vdkufwJhSwitch
onfBroadcast Domain jzpfomG ;rSmjzpfygw,f/aemufjy;D VLAN tvkyfvkyfwmonfVLAN
ID Number awGetvk YJ yv f yk w f mjzpfygw,f/
Cisco uxkwfwJhLayer 2, Layer 3 Switch awGrSm½SdwPort Jh ?'grrS [kwfInterface awG
tm;vH;k [mqd&k ifVLAN ID Number 1 xJrmS ½Syd gw,f/tJ'gaMumifVLAN h 1 udkNative VLAN
vdv Yk nf; ac:ygw,f/
VLAN udzef k w;D r,fq&kd ifVLAN ID Number awGudk1 to 4096 xdzefw;D vd&Yk rSmjzpf
ygw,f/uReaf wmfwaYkd wG[mVLAN awGwpfcek w YJ pfccsk wd qf ufr,fq&kd ifvnf;VLAN ID
Number awGwlnr Do
S mcsw d q f ufEikd rf mS jzpfygw,f/
Oyrmtm;jzifah jym&&ifSwtich A rSmVLAN 10 qdNk y;D zefw;D xm;w,f/Switch B rSmvnf;
VLAN 10 udzef k w;D xm;w,f/tJ'v D q kd &kd ifVLAN ID Number awGwlnDwJhtwGufaMumifh
csw d q f ufEikd rf mS jzpfygw,f/tu,fíSwitch A rSmVLAN 10 zefwD;xm;jyD;Swtich B rSmVLAN
Product of YOUTH
- 161 -
20 udzef
k w;D vdu
k rf ,fq&kd ifawmhtJ'DVLAN 10 eJVLAN Y 20 [mVLAN ID Number rwl
nDwt
hJ wGuaf Mumifcsh wd q
f ufv&Ykd rSmr[kwaf wmhygb;l /'gaMumifuR h eaf wmfwaYkd wG[m'Dvrkd sKd ;uGjJ ym;wJh
VLAN awGuzef kd w;D vduk jf cif;jzifNetwork
h Segment awGucG kd jJ cm;vd&Yk oGm;rSmjzpfygw,f/
uReaf wmfwakYd wG[mb,fvt kd ajctaersKd ;rSmtoH;k jyKzvYkd t
kd yfvmrSmvJq&kd if-
(1) rdrd&JULAN rSmDevice (200)ausmaf usmaf vmuf½adS ejyq
D &kd ifawmhVLAN udktoHk;jyKzdkY
vdtk yfvmygr,f/
(2) rdrd&JULAN xJrSmBroadcast Traffic awGrsm;vmwJtcs
h ed q
f &kd ifVLAN udktoHk;jyKzdkY
vdtk yfygr,f/
rSwcf su/f /Broadcast Domain awGt&rf;rsm;vm&ifConnection uaES;oGm;yg
vdrrhf ,f/
(3) tzGUJ tpnf;wpfcck si;f pDtwGuydf jk y;D Security &Szd &Ykd efvdt
k yfvmjyq
D &kd ifvnf;VLAN udk
toH;k jyKzv
Ykd t
kd yfygvrd rhf ,f/
(4) Physical Switch wpfckrSmrsm;jym;wJhVirtual Switch awGutrs
kd m;Mu;D zefw;D csiw
f ,fqkd
&ifawmhVLAN udktoHk;jyKzdkYvdktyfvmygvdrfhr,f/
8.2 VLAN udk toH;k jyKjcif;jzifh &½Srd ,fh tusKd ;aus;Zl;rsm;
(1) Increased Performance - Performance awGjrifhrm;vmr,f/
(2) Improved Manageability - xde;f csKyrf I pGr;f &nf wd;k wufvmr,f/
(3) Network Tunning and Simplification of Software Configurations
aemufNyD;awmhSoftware Configure jyKvyk &f wmawGvnf;vG,u
f &l ;kd &Si;f apygw,f/
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 162 -
(4) Physical Topology Independance - oD;oefPhysical
Y Topology awGudkvnf;
jyKvyk Ef ikd rf ,f/
(5) Increased Security Options - vkNH cKH a&;pepfvnf; ydNk y;D jrifrh m;vmygvrd rhf ,f/
8.3 VLAN trsKd ;tpm;rsm;
VLAN rSmtrsdK;tpm;tm;jzifh(2)rsdK;owfrSwfxm;ygw,f/
(1) Cell-based VLAN ESihf
(2) Frame-based VLAN wdjYk zpfygw,f/
udkawmhATM Switched Network awGrSmtoHk;jyKygw,f/Frame-
Cell-based VLAN
based VLAN uawmhEthernet Network rSmtoHk;jyKygw,f/
8.4 Cisco Swtitch Series
Cisco uaexkwv f yk cf w
hJ Cisco
hJ Switch Series rsm;udkazmfjyay;yghr,f/Cisco uae
xkwv
f yk cf w
hJ Cisco
hJ Switch Series awGuawmh-
- 1900 Series,
- 2820 Series,
- 2900 Series,
- 4000 Series,
- 5000 Series,
- 6000 Series,
- 6500 Series,
- 8500 Series ponfwjYkd zpfygw,f/
Cisco uxkwfwJhSwitch awGudkCatalyst Switch vdv Yk nf;ac:Muygw,f/Cisco Cata-
lyst Switch rSmtrsdK;tpm;tm;jzifh(2)rsdK;&SdrSmjzpfygw,f/
Product of YOUTH
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tJ'gawGuawmhFixed Switch ESiModular hf Switch yJjzpfygw,f/Fixed Switch qd& k ifawmh
Port awG[mOne or Two Row yg½r dS mS jzpfjy;D Port ta&twGufuawmh12 Port uae80 Port
txd ½Srd mS jzpfygw,f/
odkYaomfuRefawmfwdkYodxm;&rSmuFixed Switch rSm&SdwPort Jh awG[mtaowyfqifxm;
wmjzpfwJhtwGufaMumifhPort awGudkajymif;vJvdkYawmhr&ygbl;/Modular Switch qd&k ifawmh
Switch rSmwyfqifxm;wJhPort awGua kd jymif;vJwyfqifjy;D toH;k jyKEikd rf mS jzpfygw,f/odaYk omfModular
Card awGudkawmhxyfrH0,f,lNyD;toHk;jyK&rSmjzpfygw,f/
uReaf wmftckCisco uxkwfwJhFixed Catalyst Switch Series awGxJuvlodtrsm;qHk;
Model tcsdKUudkazmfjyay;yghr,f/
- WS-C2950,
- WS-C2960,
- WS-C3550,
- WS-C3560 ESihf
-WS-C3750 Series wd[
Ykd mqd&k ifvlot
d rsm;qH;k Series awGyjJ zpfygw,f/
tJ'Switch
D Series xJrSm½SdwPort
Jh awG[mqd7k if10/100/1000 Mbps Ports awGvnf;
½Syd gw,f/tcsKd UPort awG[mqk&d ifPoE (Power over Ethernet) udkvnf;Support vkyaf y;Edik yf gw,f/
a,bk,stm;jzifazmf h jy&&ifawmhWS-C2950 ESiWS-C2960
hf Series wdkY[m10/100
Mbps PortsawGyjJ zpfygw,f/WS-C3550 ESiWS-C3560hf wk[
Yd mqd&k ifFull Gigabit &½Sw d Port
hJ
awGjzpfjyD;PoE (Power Over Ethernet) udkvnf;Support vkyaf y;Edik yf gw,f/
Cisco uxkwfwJhModular Catalyst Switch Series awGuazmf
kd jy&r,fq&kd ifawmh-
- Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series,
- Cisco Catalyst 5500 Series ESihf
- Cisco Catalyst 5000 Series ponfw[
Ykd mModular Catalyst Switch awGyjJ zpfygw,f/
Modular Catalyst Switch rSm½SdwPort
Jh awG[mqd&k if10 Gigabit Ethernet xdudkSup-
port vkyE
f ikd Mf uygw,f/Cisco &JUNetwork Hierarchical Model t&Munfrh ,fq&kd ifAccess Layer
rSmawmh -
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 164 -
- 1900 Series,
- 2820 Series,
wkdYutvkyfvkyfygw,f/
- 2900 Series
Distribution Layer rSmawmh4000 Series, 5000 Series, 6000 Series wdkYutvkyf
vkyyf gw,f/Core Layer rSmawmh6500 Series ESi8500
hf Series wdkYutvkyfvkyfygw,f/
8.5 Cisco Switch &J U IOS udk Configure vkyyf k H
tckuRefawmfqufvufNyD;azmfjyay;rSmuawmhCisco Switch xJrSmyg½SdwIOS Jh udkb,fvdk
Configure vkyf&r,fqdkwmudkazmfjyay;rSmjzpfygw,f/
uReaf wmftckazmfjyay;r,fCisco
h Switch uawmhCatalyst 2900 Series udkazmfjyay;rSm
jzpfygw,f/'Dawmhol&UJ Command toH;k jyKyt kH csKd Uudavh
k vmMunf&h atmif..../
switch>
¤if;onfUser exec Mode jzpfygw,f/
Switch>enable
Swtich#
Privileged exec Mode xJo0Ykd ifwCommand
hJ jzpfygw,f/
Switch#?
Help Command jzpfygw,f/¤if;" ? " Sign Command jzifhrdrdtoHk;jyKvdkU&r,fComma-
h
nd awGuMkd unf½h EI ikd yf gw,f/
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#
Global Configuration Mode xJoUkd 0ifwCommand
hJ jzpfygw,f/
Switch(config)#hostname SwitchA
Product of YOUTH
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SwitchA(config)#
Switch udkHostname owfrw
S af y;wmjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#enable secret cisco
SwitchA(config)#
rdrdSwitch &JUIOS Configuration udkPassword ay;wmjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
SwitchA(config)#
Switch &JUInterface Fastethernet 0/1 xJo0if
Ykd wmjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#
rdrda&muf½SdaewJMode
h xJuaejyefxu
G w
f mjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#exit
SwitchA#show running-config
rdrdjyKjyifxm;wJhConfiguration Setting awGuMkd unf&h wmjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA#copy running-config startup-config
SwitchA#
RAM ay:rSm½SdaewJhrdrdjyKjyifxm;wJConfiguration
h Setting awGudkNVRAM ay:odkU
Copy ul;xnfw
h mjzpfygw,f/
Cisco &JUCatalyst Switch awG&JUtoHk;jyKyHkConfiguration Command awGudkem;vnf
avmufNyDvdkUxifygw,f/'DawmhuRefawmfwdkYawGatmufygLAB av;udkvkyfMu&atmif/
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 166 -
yHk 8.1
yHkrSmjyxm;wJhtwdkif;uRefawmfwdkUawG[mCisco Catalyst Switch rSmComputer (3)vkHk;udk
csw
d x
f m;ygw,f/PC1, PC2, PC3 wpfvHk;eJYwpfvHk;udPing k Munhyf g/Network rdaeygvrd rhf ,f/
aumif;jy.D ..'gq&kd ifCisco Catalyst Swtich udConfigure
k 0ifvyk Mf unf&h atmif/
yHk 8.2(u)
Product of YOUTH
- 167 -
yHk 8.2 (c)
Catalyst Switch Configure vkyy
f kH
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 168 -
yHk 8.2 (*)
Catalyst Switch Configure vkyyf kH
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname switchA
SwitchA(config)#enable secert cisco
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
SwitchA(config)#description connetion to PC1
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
SwitchA(config-if)#description connetion PC2
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/3
SwitchA(config-if)#description connetion PC3
Product of YOUTH
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SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#line console 0
SwitchA(config-line)#password cisco
SwitchA(config-line)#login
SwitchA(config-line)#exit
SwitchA(config)#exit
SwitchA#copy running config startup config
SwitchA#show startup config
8.6 Switch wGif VLAN cGyJ kH
yHk 8.3
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname switchA
SwitchA(config)#enable secret cisco
SwitchA#vlan database
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 170 -
SwitchA(vlan)#vlan 10 name MyVlan10
VLAN 10 added:
name: MyVLAN10
SwitchA(vlan)#vlan 20 name MyVlan20
VLAN 20 added:
name:MyVlan20
SwitchA(vlan)#exit
Apply completed.
Exiting.....
SwitchA#configure terminal
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan10
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan10
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/3
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan20
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/4
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan20
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#exit
SwitchA#copy running-config startup-config
SwitchA#show vlan breif
Switch>enable
Switch#vlan database
Switch(vlan)#
Product of YOUTH
- 171 -
txufygCommand onfVLAN Database udkzefwD;r,fhCommandjzpfygw,f/
Switch(vlan)#vlan 10 name MyVlAN10
Switch(vlan)#vlan 20 name MyVLAN20
Switch(vlan)#exit
txufygCommand uawmh vlan10ESihf vlan20 udzk efw;D wmjzpfygw,f/
Example Switch(vlan)#vlan [ID] name [VLANname]
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#
txufygCommand uawmhGlobal Configuratoin Mode odo
Yk mG ;wmjzpfygw,f/
Switch(config)#hostname switchA
SwitchA(config)#enable secret cisco
txufyg Command uawmhSwitch udkSwitchA qdkwHostname
Jh owfrw
S af y;jcif;
ESihf SwitchAudkPassword ay;wmjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
txufygCommand uawmhInterface Fastethernet 0/1 udVLAN
k ID 10
vdo
Yk wfrw
S af y;wmjzpfygw,f/ Vlan owfrSwfay;wJCommand
h uawmhswitchport
mode access ESiswitchport
hf access vlan ID jzpfygw,f/
Example Switch(config-if) #switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlanID
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan10
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 172 -
txufygCommand uawmhfastethernet 0/2 udkVLAN ID 10 owfrw
S af y;wmjzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/3
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan20
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
txufygCommand uawmhInterface fastethernet 0/3 udkVLAN 20 vdkU owfrSwf
ay;wm jzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/4
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan20
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
txufygCommand uawmhInterface fastethernet 0/4 udkVLAN ID 20 vdkYowfrSwfay;
wm jzpfygw,f/
SwitchA(config)#exit
SwitchA#show running config
SwitchA#copy running config stratup config
SwitchA#show vlan brief
txufygCommand uawmhrdrdwnfaqmufcJhwJhVLAN xJrSm½SdwInterface
Jh
awGudkMunfhwJhCommand jzpfygw,f/
8.7 Trunk qdw
k mbmvJ
uRefawmf½Sif;jyay;r,fhtaMumif;av;uTrunk ud½Sk i;f ay;rSmjzpfygw,f/Trunk qdw k m
Point-to-Point Link jzpfygw,f/tJ'DTrunk Link onfSwitch to Switch ?'grr S [kwSwitch
f ESihf
Router udkcsdwfquf&mMum;xJrSmTraffic awGudkTransmit ESiReceive
hf vkyaf y;wmjzpfygw,f/
Trunk Link onfwpfcx k ufywkd hJVLAN Traffic awGudkNetwork wpfavQmufrSm
Product of YOUTH
- 173 -
o,fomG ; ay; Edik yf gw,f/
'gaMumifhuRefawmfwdkUawG&JUNetwork xJrSmwpfckxufydkwVLAN
Jh awG[mtcsi;f csi;f csw d f
qufawmhr,fq&kd ifTrunk Link ay:rSmcsdwfqufrSomVLAN awGucskd w d q
f ufEikd rf mS jzpfygw,f/
aumif;jy.D ..'gq&kd ifTrunk Link udktoHk;jyKjyD;VLAN awGudkb,fvdkcsdwfqufNyD;vkyf&
r,fqdkwmudk azmfjyay;yghr,f/
8.8 VLAN with Trunk
yHk 8.4
Switch A Switch B
SwitchA Configure vkyyf kH
Switch>enable
Switch#vlan database
Switch(vlan)#vlan 10 name MyVlan10
Switch(vlan)#vlan 20 name MyVlan20
Switch(vlan)#exit
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 174 -
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)hostname switchA
SwitchA(config)enable secret cisco
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan10
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan20
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/3
SwitchA(config)#switchport mode trunk
SwitchA(config-if)#exit
SwitchA(config)#exit
SwitchA#show running-config
SwitchA#show startup-config
SwitchA#copy running-config stratup-config
SwitchA#show vlan brief
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- 175 -
SwitchB Configure vkyyf kH
Switch>enable
Switch#vlan database
Switch(vlan)#vlan 10 name MyVlan10
Switch(vlan )#valn 20 name MyVlan20
Switch(vlan)#exit
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname switchB
SwitchB(config)#enable secret cisco
SwitchB(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
SwitchB(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchB(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
SwitchB(config-if)#exit
SwitchB(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
SwitchB(config-if)#switchport mode access
SwitchB(config-if)#switchport access vlan20
SwitchB(config-if)#exit
SwitchB(config)#interface fastethernet 0/3
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
- 176 -
SwitchB(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
SwitchB(config-if)#exit
SwitchB(config)#exit
SwitchB#copy running-config startup-config
SwitchB#show vlan 10
SwitchB#show vlan 20
SwitchB#show vlan brief
Product of YOUTH
