American war

The American Civil War was fought between the United States of America and the Confederate
States of America, a collection of eleven southern states that left the Union in 1860 and
1861. The conflict began primarily as a result of the long-standing disagreement over the
institution of slavery. On February 9, 1861,  Jefferson Davis, a former U.S. Senator and Secretary
of War, was elected President of the Confederate States of America by the members of the
Confederate constitutional convention.  After four bloody years of conflict, the United States
defeated the Confederate States. In the end, the states that were in rebellion were readmitted to
the United States, and the institution of slavery was abolished nation-wide.

Causes of the war

In the mid-19th century, while the United States was experiencing an era of tremendous
growth, a fundamental economic diff erence existed between the country’s northern and
southern regions.In the North, manufacturing and industry was well established, and
agriculture was mostly limited to small-scale farms, while the South’s economy was based
on a system of large-scale farming that depended on the labor of Black enslaved people to
grow certain crops, especially cott on and tobacco. Growing aboliti onist senti ment in the
North aft er the 1830s and northern oppositi on to slavery’s extension into the new western
territories led many southerners to fear that the existence of  slavery in America —and thus
the backbone of their economy—was in danger.

Incident that triggered the war

The event that triggered war came at Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay on April 12,
1861. Claiming this United States fort as their own, the Confederate army on that day
opened fire on the federal garrison and forced it to lower the  American flag in
surrender .When Abraham Lincoln won election in 1860 as the first Republican
president on a platform pledging to keep slavery out of the territories, seven slave
states in the deep South seceded and formed a new nation, the Confederate States
of America. The incoming Lincoln administration and most of the Northern people
refused to recognize the legitimacy of secession. They feared that it would discredit
democracy and create a fatal precedent that would eventually fragment the no-longer
United States into several small, squabbling countries .

IMAPACT OF THE WAR ON AMERICAN WOMEN.

In many ways, the coming of the Civil War challenged the ideology of Victorian
domesticity that had defined the lives of men and women in the antebellum era. In the
North and in the South, the war forced women into public life in ways they could
scarcely have imagined a generation before.In the years before the  Civil War , the
lives of American women were shaped by a set of ideals that historians call “the Cult
of True Womanhood.” As men’s work moved away from the home and into shops,
offices and factories, the household became a new kind of place: a private, feminized
domestic sphere, a “haven in a heartless world.” “ True women” devoted their lives to
weeks into Lincoln's presidency with the Confederate attack on  Fort Sumter , a
creating a clean, comfortable, nurturing home for their husbands and children.

ROLE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLIN THE WAR

Lincoln presided over the Union victory in the American Civil  War, which dominated
his presidency. ... A former Whig, Lincoln ran on a political platform opposed to the
expansion of slavery in the territories. His election served as the immediate impetus
for the outbreak of the American Civil War. The presidency of Abraham
Lincoln began on March 4, 1861, when he was  inaugurated  as the 16th  President of
the United States , and ended upon his assassination and death  on April 15, 1865, 42
days into his second term. Lincoln  was the first member of the recently-
established Republican Party  elected to the presidency. He was succeeded by  Vice
President  Andrew Johnson . Lincoln presided over the Union  victory in the American
Civil War , which dominated his presidency.Lincoln took office following the  1860
presidential election , in which he won a plurality of the popular vote in a four-
candidate field. Almost all of Lincoln's votes came from the  Northern United States ,
as the Republicans held little appeal to voters in the  Southern United States . A
former Whig , Lincoln ran on a political platform opposed to the expansion
of slavery  in the territories . His election served as the immediate impetus for the
outbreak of the American Civil War . After being sworn in as president, Lincoln refused
to accept any resolution that would result in Southern secession from the Union. The
Civil War began federal installation located within the boundaries of the Confederacy

THE FAMOUS GETTYSBURG ADDRESS

President Lincoln delivered the 272 word Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863
on the battlefield near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania."Fourscore and seven years ago our
fathers brought forth, on this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and
dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a
great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so
dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have
come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting-place for those who here
gave their lives, that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we
should do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate—we
cannot hallow—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here,
have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little
note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did
here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which
they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here
dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we
take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure
of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—
that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government
of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
Aftermath [ consequences]

The Civil War confirmed the single political entity of the United States, led to freedom
for more than four million enslaved Americans, established a more powerful and
centralized federal government, and laid the foundation for America's emergence as a
world power in the 20th century.Though freedom did not lead to equality for former
slaves, the Civil War initiated immense constitutional changes that re-defined the
nature of American society and acted as a point of departure in the struggle for equal
civil and human right