APPRECIATION
INTRODUCTION
There are many industrial that has been created for our comfort. They are made from alloy,
pure metal, super conductor, glass, ceramic and complex material. Each of them has their own
characteristics and uses in our daily life.
Alloy was developed by The Sumerians in the third millenia BC. Bronze was the first alloy
that was ultilized as bronze tools and weapons. In Asia, alloy is used to make musical
instruments and mirror. Persians developed carbon steel alloy in 16th centtury BC and started the
iron age. Steel is the still the most widely produced metal, and is the building block of modern
society. Early carbon steel was produced when iron was hammered and wrought in the presence
of carbon. Agricultural tools and weapons relied on that because it holds an edge so well. The
Industrial Age and our modern times are built on these steel alloys.
In my point of view, I think this chapter is an interesting chapter as it revealed things that had
been in our life since we were born. I hope by learning this, I can increase my knowledge in
industrial chemistry.
OBJECTIVES
State the meaning of Alloy
List the properties of Alloy
List the composition of Alloy
Identify the temperature of Alloy
Justify the uses of Alloy in daily life
FINDINGS
Alloy
Mixture of 2 or more elements
Alloy main element is a metal
Examples : Pewter, Duralumin, Bronze, Brass, Steel, Stainless steel
Composition and properties of Alloys
ALLOY COMPOSITION PROPERTIES
Duralumin 93% Aluminium Stronger than pure
3% Copper aluminium
3% Magnesium Low density
1% Manganese Does not rust
Bronze 90% Copper Stronger than pure copper
10% Tin Does not rust
Shiny
Brass 70% Copper Stronger than pure copper
30% Zinc Does not rust
Shiny
Steel 98% Iron Known as carbon steel
0.2 – 2% Carbon Stronger and harder
Malleable
3 types of steel which are
low-carbon steel, average-
carbon steel and high-
carbon steel
Stainless steel 73% Iron Stronger than pure iron
18% Chromium Resistant to corrosion
8% Nickel
1% Carbon
Pewter 95% Tin Stronger than pure tin
3.5% Antimony Does not rust
1.5% Copper Shiny
Temperature of Alloys
-Melting point is the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid state.
Metal Melting point (°C)
Brass 900 - 940
Aluminium 660
Bronze 1027 - 1038
Copper 865 - 955
Nickel 1453
Tin 232
Zinc 419.5
Uses of Alloy in daily life
-uses of alloys based on the composition and properties of the alloy produced.
-Each alloy has its own uses and functions
Alloy Uses
Duralumin Body of aeroplanes
Electric cables
Racing bicycles
Bronze Medals
Monuments
Trophies
Brass Musical instruments
Doorknobs
Keys
Steel Structure of buildings
Railway tracks
Body of cars
Stainless steel Cutlery
Sinks
Surgical instruments
Pewter Decorative ornaments
Trophies
Souvenirs
DISCUSSION
1) Alloys has many advantages in our daily life over the pure metal
Metal Alloy is stronger than pure metal
- Metal alloys are made up of differing atoms, unlike pure metal, where the atoms are
all the same. This makes it harder for the atoms to move around in metal alloys
Metal alloy is more versatile than pure metals
-metal alloys are compounds of different metals and non-metals.
-This allows for more changes and the improvement of certain properties that are more
desirable in different applications
Metal alloys are more resistant to corrosion than pure metals
- metal alloys are mixtures and compounds of different metals and non-metal materials
-metal alloys will delay the corrosion problem
