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Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems

This document outlines Axis IV of the DSM-IV-TR, which describes psychosocial and environmental problems in the following areas: problems with primary support groups, social environment, education, occupation, housing, economic issues, health care access, legal issues, and other problems such as exposure to disasters or hostilities. Examples are provided for each category of problems.

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401 views1 page

Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems

This document outlines Axis IV of the DSM-IV-TR, which describes psychosocial and environmental problems in the following areas: problems with primary support groups, social environment, education, occupation, housing, economic issues, health care access, legal issues, and other problems such as exposure to disasters or hostilities. Examples are provided for each category of problems.

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Pinj Blue
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems

(From DSM-IV-TR, pp.31-32)


• Problems with primary support group - e.g., death of family member; health problems in
family; disruption f family by separation, divorce, or estrangement; removal from the home;
remarriage of parent; sexual or physical abuse; parental overprotection; neglect of child;
inadequate discipline; discord with siblings; birth of a sibling.
• Problems related to the social environment - e.g., death or loss of a friend; inadequate
social support; living alone; difficulty with acculturation; discrimination; adjustment to life-cycle
transition (such as retirement).
• Educational problems - e.g., illiteracy; academic problems; discord with teachers or
classmates; inadequate school environment.
• Occupational problems - e.g., unemployment; threat of job loss; stressful work schedule;
difficult work conditions; job dissatisfaction; job change; discord with boss or co-workers.
• Housing problems - e.g., homelessness; inadequate housing; unsafe neighborhood; discord
with neighbors or landlord.
• Economic problems - e.g., extreme poverty; inadequate finances; insufficient welfare
support.
• Problems with access to health care - e.g., inadequate health care services; transportation
to health care facilities unavailable; inadequate health insurance.
• Problems related to interaction with the legal system/crime - e.g., arrest; incarceration;
litigation; victim of crime.
• Other psychosocial and environmental problems - e.g., exposure to disasters; war; other
hostilities; discord with non family caregivers such as counselor, social worker, or physician;
unavailability of social service agencies.

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