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no Specific objectives Time Content matter Teaching AV Aids Evaluation
learning
activity
1 To introduce self 30 sec Self introduction : Myself Jaskomaldeep kaur student Lecture cum Verbally Self introduction
of M.Sc Nursing 1st year at Lala Lajpat rai institute of discussion done
nursing education
2 To introduce the 30sec Introduction to the topic today we are going to discuss Lecture cum Verbally
topic about osteoarthritis discussion Introduced the
topic
3 To assess the 1 min What Is osteoarthritis Lecture cum Verbally
previous What are the causes and treatment of osteoarthritis discussion
knowledge of the
group Previous
Definition knowledge is
4 To define 1 min It is known as degenerative joint disease and is more Lecture cum Verbally assessed
osteoarthritis comman and most frequent disabling joint disorder .it discussion
is characterized by loss of joint cartilage. also known
as wear and tear arthritis. OR
Osteoarthritis
It is progressive joint disorder and is leading cause of definition is
pain and disability in elderly people( hands , knees, explained
vertebral column is mostly affected.
Types Primary ( idiopathic or when there is unknown
5 Types of 2 min cause of symptoms ) Lecture Verbally Types is
osteoarthritis Secondary ( resulting from previous joint injury , cum explained
repetitive strain , joint dislocation etc ) discussion
Other types of osteoarthritis
Hip osteoarthritis
Foot and ankle osteoarthritis
Knee osteoarthritis
Hand osteoarthritis
Spinal osteoarthritis
Causes Lecture cum Causes are
6 To enlist the 2 min Family history : osteoarthritis sometimes runs in discussion explained
causes of families. If your parents or siblings have
osteoarthritis osteoarthritis you’re more likely to as well. Doctors
don’t know why osteoarthritis runs in families. No
gene has yet been identified as the cause, but genes
may contribute to osteoarthritis risk.
Age : osteoarthritis is directly connected to wear and
tear on joints. It becomes more common as people
get older., more than one third of adults over the age
of 65 have symptoms of osteoarthritis
Gender : Osteoarthritis can affect both men and
women. it’s slightly more common in men until age
45. After that, it’s more common in women. This
may reflect the different joint stressors experienced
by men and women at different ages.
Previous injury : People who have injured a joint
are more likely to develop osteoarthritis in that joint.
Obesity : Being overweight or obese puts increased
stress and strain on the body. This increases the risk
of osteoarthritis in the joints. People who are
overweight or obese are particularly susceptible to
osteoarthritis in the:
Knees , hips , spine
However, obesity is also associated with
osteoarthritis in non-weight-bearing joints, such as
those in the hands. This suggests that extra
mechanical stress on the joints or weight alone may
not increase osteoarthritis risk.
Certain occupations Repetitive actions can put
undue stress on your joints, and occupations that
require such repetitive actions can increase
osteoarthritis risk. category might include:
kneeling or squatting for more than an hour a
day
lifting
climbing stairs
walking
People who regularly participate in joint-intensive
sports may also have an increased risk.
Poor posture : Sitting or standing improperly can
strain your joints. This can increase osteoarthritis
risk.
Other types of arthritis
Other types of arthritis can increase your risk of
developing osteoarthritis later in life. These include:
Gout
Rheumatid arthritis
Other medical conditions Medical conditions that
affect joint health can affect your risk for
osteoarthritis . For example, bleeding disorders can
cause bleeding in the joints. Conditions that affect
blood flow or inflammation can also affect risk.
Some medical conditions associated with
osteoarthritis include: diabetes
Lack of activity : Staying still for too long can
cause your joints to stiffen. This makes movement
more likely to hurt. Lack of activity during the night
may partially explain why osteoarthritis pain is often
worse when people wake up.
Weather changes Changes in weather can worsen
symptoms of osteoarthritis. People with osteoarthritis
are often especially sensitive to cold, damp weather.
7 To explain the 3 min Stages of osteoarthritis Lecture cum Verbally Stages are
stages of Stage 1 = minor wear and tear in the joints . little to discussion explained
osteoarthritis no pain in the affected area .
Stage 2 = mild , more notable bone spurs
Stage 3 = moderate, cartilage in the affected area
begins to erode .
Stage 4 = severe, the patient is a lot of pain
8 Explain the signs 3 min Signs and symptoms Lecture cum Signs and
and symptoms Pain ( in knees, hands , lower back, neck ) discussion symptoms are
explained
Joint Stiffness , numbness, tingling
Crackles
Joint Swelling , diminished flexibility of joint
Tenderness on palpation , soreness
Morning stiffness
Bony outgrowth in fingers
Loss of range of motion , loss of function
9 Describe the 2min Diagnostic evaluation Lecture cum Verbally Diagnostic
diagnostic Based on symptoms : during the physical exam discussion evaluations are
evaluation assess aymptoms like swelling , tenderness, redness described
etc
Imaging tests
X rays studies : narrowing of the space between
the bones in your joint , it can show bone spurs
MRI : it gives detailed images of bone and soft
tissues .
Joint fluid analysis : fluid extracted from an
affected area then tested for inflammation
ESR - it gets increases
10 Explain the Life style and home remedies Lecture cum Chart Prevention are
prevention and life 1) Exercise discussion explained
style and home Low impact exercise can increase your
remedies of endurance and strength the muscle around
osteoarthritis joint make it more stable.
2) Lose body weight
Carrying extra weight increases the stress on
weight bearing joints such as your joints and
hips.
3) Perinatel screening it should be done to
diagnose the condition in early stage . and to
prevent congenital hip joint .
4) Take enough sleep
5) Have control on sugar intake
Other things to try
Movement therapies : yoga involve simple
exercises , improve movement
.
Heat and cold therapy Both heat and cold can
relieve pain and swelling in your joint. Heat,
especially moist heat, can help muscles relax and
ease pain. Cold can relieve muscle aches after
exercise and decrease muscle spasms.
Capsaicin. Topical capsaicin, a chili pepper extract,
applied to your skin over an arthritic joint might help
some people. You might have to apply it three to four
times a day for several weeks before you see a
benefit. Some people can't tolerate the irritation.
Wash your hands well after applying capsaicin
cream.
Braces or shoe inserts. Shoe inserts or other devices
might help reduce pain when you stand or walk.
These devices can support your joint to help take
pressure off it.
Assistive devices. Assistive devices can help relieve
stress on your joints. A cane takes weight off your
knee or hip as you walk. Hold the cane in the hand
opposite the leg that hurts.
Diet Lecture cum diet is
discussion Verbally explained
Dairy products milk , yogurt, cheese
Vitamin D intake
Dark leafy vegetables spinach etc such as
Broccoli
Green tea
Garlic
Nuts
Omega 3 fatty acids ( fish , plants oil such as
soyabean oil, canola oil )
Food to avoid
Sugar
Saturated fat
Refined carbohydrates
11. What are the myths 1 min Myths related to arthritis and food Lecture cum Verbally Myths are
related to discussion explained
osteoarthritis Citrus fruits cause inflammation
Some people believe that they should avoid citrus
fruits because the acidity is inflammatory. However,
this is not the case. In fact, citrus fruits have anti-
inflammatory benefits, as well as being rich in
vitamin C and antioxidants.
Grapefruit juice can, however, interact with some
medicines that doctors use to treat arthritis. People
who are undergoing treatment should check with a
doctor before incorporating it into their diet.
2. Avoiding dairy helps with osteoarthritis
There are also claims that avoiding dairy can help
with osteoarthritis. Although milk, cheese, and other
dairy products , these foods can have anti-
inflammatory effects .
3. Nightshade vegetables cause inflammation
Tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, and peppers all
contain the chemical solanine, which some blame for
arthritis pain. But Adding these nutritious vegetables
to the diet can have many benefits for chronic health
conditions.
12. Summerization
Verbally Summarization
of the topic 1 min Summarization Lecture cum is done
discussion
What is osteoarthritis
Types of osteoarthritis
Causes of osteoarthritis
Signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis
Diagnostic tests of osteoarthritis
Lifestyle and home remedies for osteoarthritis
Myths related to osteoarthritis
Recaptulization Verbally Recaptulizatio
13. Recaptulization 1 min Lecture cum n is done
of the topic What is osteoarthritis discussion
Its related life style and home remedies
Bibliography
14 What are the 1 min Lecture cum Verbally
references Taxtrosuzonne and Polaski L., Practice of discussion
medical surgical
nursing, edition 3rd published by Elsevier, Pg
463-466 .
Ansari J, textbook of Medical Surgical nursing,
Edition 2nd ,Pee Vee publisher , Pg : 1084-1086
Webliography
www.Med.surg.com
