I ASSIGNMENT
1. What is the role of indigenous science in the development of S&T in the
Philippines?
Because of their strong connection to environmental resources and access,
indigenous science aided the advancement of science and technology in the Philippines. We
are able to enlighten, clarify, and relate the science behind the local and traditional
knowledge that is also evident in the environment by using the indigenous cultural system
and procedure. Furthermore, identifying the comparisons and relations between indigenous
and modern science has a substantial impact on the Philippines' science and technology
growth.
In addition, indigenous science has a significant role in the development of S&T in
the Philippines because it has been the one who is responsible for providing knowledges
and development of other branch of sciences just like the predicting the weather, indigenous
science thought us how to predict weather conditions and seasons using knowledge in
observing animals’ behaviour and celestial bodies but as modern science introduced in our
world, instead of observing through these, is that people are now predicting weather through
technology just like the PAGASA.
2. How do society and culture influence the development of S & T?
The market for new technology is extremely important. Few people are interested in
development unless there is a necessity, conveyed as demand, and no one is willing to pay
the costs. Not impulse, but society's existence and growth determine need and desire.
Science has an impact on society because of its awareness and worldview. It forms diverse
culture and distinguishes them from each other. It encourages us to merge and socialize. As
well as society and culture influence the development of S & T by these two are the
foundation of innovation and progress, they are the one who needs demands so science
innovation functions as what the society demands.
VIII. EVALUATION
1. Research an article that talks on Filipino Indigenous knowledge. Discuss the
connection of said knowledge to science and technology. (10 points)
This research was entitled Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices (IKSPs) in the
teaching of science, therefore this paper claims that Indigenous Knowledge Systems and
Practices (IKSPs) are local knowledge developed over centuries of experimentation by our
ancestors and are passed orally from generation to generation. It was proven to be a perfect
scaffold to sustainable development connecting the past, the present and the future.
However, these knowledge, systems and practices are at escalating rate of deterioration due
to consistent assimilation that resulted from the continuing loss of interest of these practices
from young people. Thus, empirical evidence to showcase importance to environmental
protection and cultural preservation are encouraged. Likewise, studies connecting these
indigenous knowledge and practices to academic curriculum are highly regarded to be
influential in their preservation. According to Baguilat (2009), IKSPs cover a broader scope
that included all traditional skills, laws, philosophy, rituals, livelihood, sciences and
technologies of the community. IKSPs were incorporated in several public secondary
subjects, e.g. Music Arts and Physical Education (MAPEH), Filipino, Science and Araling
Panlipunan. For Science, it has always been connected to history and to philosophy with
several observations, theories and facts developed.
As per my findings, there is a clear link between the IKSPs and science and
technology because, as part of the Science and Technology (S&T) development, both
educators and the majority of students showed that teaching and learning science should
include a technological component. Indigenous knowledge, on the other side, should not be
ignored in the framework of these topics, as it is essential for science and technology
advancement. However, it was discovered that teachers who conveyed IKSPs to integrated
science, biology, chemistry, and physics faced significant difficulties. Since we all believe
that indigenous science is only evident through oral transmission from generation to
generation, it is impossible to teach students with strong and sufficient evidence, so they
were limited to using limited resources such as the internet. Subsequently, there is a lack of
interest among students, especially among those who are unable to connect the IKSPs'
ideas to scientific ideas and current practices that are focused on Western cultural
meanings, thus demonizing indigenous knowledge, which is misunderstood as selfish and
ignorant.
To simplify, the link between IKSPs and S&T was focused on how teachers imparted
it to their students' interests while also having sufficient knowledge of IKSPs and technology.
Since today's youth recognize the value of modern science while dismissing the relevance of
indigenous science.
https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Session%202-8%20Indigenous%20Knowledge
%20Systems%20and%20Practices%20%28IKSP%29%20in%20the%20Teaching%20of
%20Science.pdf
2. Give your own thought about this statement: “We really respect the indigenous
knowledge. These traditional values of dealing with illness have validity, even if we
don’t understand the scientific basis.” Ray White
Although some studies have shown that traditional expertise about medicines lacks
sufficient proof that it is proven to treat illness, many people, including myself, believe that
personal experience with these herbal medicines is sufficient to prove their validity in coping
with illnesses. Experts should not underestimate indigenous sciences, especially in terms of
herbal medicine, since these types of medicines are a major component in the development
of other medicines, such as lagundi and oregano, which have shown to have the potential to
heal cough illness. Apart from that, there are malunggay capsules, which have been shown
to treat or prevent cancer and other diseases. These are just a few examples of traditional
medicine, which is described as the collection of all knowledge, expertise, and practices
based on assumptions, ideologies, and experiences indigenous to diverse cultures, whether
comprehensible or not, that are used in the treatment of ailments as well as the prevention,
diagnosis, recovery, or treatment of physical and mental illness. Experts should respect
IKSPs as it is the main foundation of innovation nowadays. Experts should value IKSPs
because they are the core of today's innovation. To summarize, I believe that traditional
knowledge has a great significance and validity than modern knowledge because, in addition
to being convenient, it is also free for anyone who wants to treat their illness.
