EEN 443: Power Distribution Research Assignment
Mohammed Riad Elchadli Mohammed Shiful Maged Al Sharafi
College of Electrical and College of Electrical and College of Electrical and
Computer Engineering Computer Engineering Computer Engineering
Abu Dhabi University Abu Dhabi University Abu Dhabi University
Abu Dhabi, UAE 59911 Abu Dhabi, UAE 59911 Abu Dhabi, UAE 59911
Email: 1023736@students.adu.ac.ae Email: 1003799@students.adu.ac.ae Email: 1010947@students.adu.ac.ae
Abstract—In this paper, we are going present some of the
installation used in some areas for power distribution, and
describe their usage and how they are implement in these fields.
Power installations are meant to deal with installing cables or
repairing them in the power system. Also, some types of large
transmission towers and poles or anything related to power
distribution systems. So as it will be shown in the research,
explanations with comparisons between the four different fields
will be conducted.
I. I NTRODUCTION
Electric power turned into a critical piece of ordinary
life, accordingly affecting anything identified with us. As we
probably aware that electric power is produced and conveyed
through a procedure of generation, transmission, and distribu-
tion. These procedures can be found anyplace. Additionally
Fig. 1. Distribution System Of Aircraft
there are numerous hardware which is utilized to develop
the electrical system in distinctive frameworks. In this paper
we will investigate four field and discover how power is
introduced and utilized. The four field of this examination
Stability is considered as a design issue in the power
are: Marine, Aerospace, Transport field, and Consumer Device
systems since the loads of the power electronics have crit-
zone.
ically high percentage in the aerospace and marine power
systems and they make the problem more relevant in them
II. F IELDS OF ELECTRICAL POWER INSTALLATION
than in their bulk power coordinate. Not forgetting about
A. Electrical power installation for marine and aerospace the grounding issues also to be taken in consideration. As
well known, grounding is a significant case in all and every
According to Purdue University researchers, they were
power system, but the issue is severe in marine and aerospace
seeking and researching in the field of aerospace and ma-
power systems due to the large number of the converters of
rine power systems, plus some detailed power systems on
power electronics that are related to matchless environmental
other equipment, devices, and machines such as spacecraft,
conditions. Another kind of issues exist which can be classified
ground vehicles, aircrafts, ships, and submarines. There are
under the name of fault response. In marine systems, warships
faces of differences and comparisons which exist on both
we can say that can preserve the operation of the system in
marine and aerospace systems in order of power systems
case of any battle damage, the system ought to be reinforced
and installation means. There are multiple challenges for the
against any fault. Whereas in the aerospace system, faults have
design for both systems to be met. In the marine systems,
to be blocked from being a reason to cause a cascading failure
there is a decisive power system operation to the defensive
that will get the aircraft to be down. From the above figure we
systems on the shipboard and also to keep and maintain
can see alternative current is function and letting the generator
the ship in a situational awareness condition. While in the
work through magnetic field that varies and facilating the
case of the aerospace system, especially aircraft systems, the
current through conductor.[4]
power systems operation is usually flight critical. Also, one
of the most important challenges which face both marine and For aerospace systems, the commonly used frequency for
aerospace systems is stability. the distribution system is 400 Hz, yet high frequency and DC
systems are both of the same interest which is 20 khz.
and user friendly at the same time for a long-term life. The
charger has a fantastic feature which is the ability to use both
DC or AC. It is inexpensive to isetup and easier for railway
traction. In addition it is also good for far distances.
Fig. 2. Generator of Shipboard
Fig. 4. Railway infrastructure
Fig. 3. Marine Pwer DIstribution
B. Electrical power installation for transport and consumer
devices
Regarding to Infratek, electric cars industry is increasing, Fig. 5. Sschematic of a short railway line
and that leads to increase demand of the infrastructure to
guarantee the mobility for the electric vehicle scoot. So, a [1]
rapid supply for home chargers , intermediate chargers and The meaning of power transmission is to be in the same way
quick chargers must be there for electric vehicles. of track by using overhead wire or ground level furthermore
They are in a position place to supply the trades with of providing a rail close to the running rails which is the third
some inexpensive and complete solutions that they take on rail laid . Dc system can use either overhead wire or third rail
improvement contracts and taking in consideration to hold but AC only use overhead wire. One adder at least is needed
the work of electrical installation furthermore of fast chargers in both overhead systems attached to the train thus that it can
stations connections to the electricity grid. always have a connection with the power.
Infratek take important place as mediator for a product from adders of overhead current use pantograph. The running
Switzerland called EV technology. this product is strolling rails contain the return circuit back to the substation. The run-
charger that can induce between 230v 400v power that charges ning rails are earthed and connected in the end to substation.
and electrical car for about 80. [1]
Another reference is Railway technical , Railway Technical Now we will compare the transport field with consumer
Web Pages mentioned, that electric railway requires electric devices that the human use in their life. As IEEE smart grid
power supply that is affordable , accessible, economical, safe mentioned , AC electrical system are not appropriate for the
the voltage at the delivery point must not exceed 7.5 For a three
phase service, the maximum acceptable voltage imbalance
need to be 2.5
Moreover, voltage analysis is an important analysis tech-
nique in order to know the voltage level remains in specific
level under changing load condition or not as it eases and helps
for effective placement of capacitors and voltage regulation
devices on the distribution system. Besides, load flow analysis
with a computer aided tool is done to identify the feeder volt-
ages. Voltage analysation is started to begin at the substation
with a proper representation of the feeder circuits and also the
feeder loading is remarked before the process getting started.
furthermore, indicating load types and model such as delta and
wye connected load, constant power, constant current, etc. is
considered an important matter in voltage analysis.
Fig. 6. Showing the Radial System
B. Emergency Condition
There are many places that keep necessary arrangement for
long life term for the residential use because of the increasing
the emergency situation. It happens due to the incidents like
conversion losses of consumer electronics, and they will still
faults, increase on the load, etc. When there is heavy density
be growing so long as the car charging and photovoltaic
on the load emergency situation no longer remains helpful
systems get better. So because of this skilled people are
and it affects the amount of the capability for feeder. Hence,
searching for new ways to use for the residential systems
it becomes very economical for large feeders in small light
such as hybrid DC/AC. The most rapid residential electricity
load places. As a result, it is a good way to control the loads
use is small electronic and appliances that the customer uses.
during the emergency situation as the response are quicker
These type of tools work on DC power but they dont have a
than other method.
conversion efficiency more than 80.
IV. N ECESSARY C ONTROL S YSTEM
Distribution management system ought to work under nor-
mal and emergency condition. All the report of work-flows
and analysis is done through a system. With the help of
support system or traditional SCADA, it is possible locate the
networks and devices and also able to figure out the operating
diagram for this devices. Furthermore, the location of fault is
traced. Beside, Mobile communication and data system lets
communication among control centre and field.
A. Normal Condition
In general distribution system under normal state, the oper-
ator is capable of arranging switching plans for maintenance,
monitoring the system, making the voltage level in a limit.
All the data and updating network diagram under general
Fig. 7. Electricty From Power Station to the Home maintenance is done in normal condition.
III. N ORMAL AND EMERGENCY CONDITIONS IN B. Emergency Condition
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
The fault in the network is happened unexpectedly. The
A. Normal Condition major objective of the operator is re-establishing the organi-
Distribution systems are designed in a such way to keep zation of the network as fast as possible. There should be
up service voltages within specified limits during normal and switching plan in order to isolate the fault and bring back
emergency conditions. The service voltages have some limits, the supply by the following methods: Functioning remote-
and these limits are: controlled switching devices Dispatching and identifying
For residential consumers, the voltage level at the delivery the fault locations Handling trouble calls by collecting the
point must not beat 5 For commercial or industrial customers, information and informing the customers.
V. C ONCLUSION
To sum from this research assignment we are able to gain
knowledge on different field of electrical installation such as
in aerospace, marine, transport, and consumer system.Also
another thing we learn how pick the alternative procedure
under emergency situation..
R EFERENCES
[1] , http://www.hydroquebec.com/learning/transport/parcours.html
[2] Mark Hankins, Stand-Alone Solar Electric Systems, 2010.
[3] http://www.marineinsight.com/tech/marine-electrical/how-is-power-
generated-and-supplied-on-a-ship/
[4] http://www.marineinsight.com/tech/marine-electrical/how-is-power-
generated-and-supplied-on-a-ship/
[5] http://www.brighthubengineering.com/marine-engines-machinery/93979-
marine-electrical-power-distribution/
[6] http://www.mathworks.com/help/physmod/sps/examples/aircraft-
electrical-power-generation-and-distribution.html
R EFERENCES
