Switch Type Description Ghost

Version
@filename Specifies a file that contains
additional command-line switches
that Symantec Ghost should read.
Filename indicates the path and file
name of the command-line switch
file. The command-line switch file
can include any Symantec Ghost
command-line switch. The
Symantec Ghost command-line
switch file must be a text file with
each switch on a
separate line. This lets you exceed
the DOS command-line limit of
150 characters.
@MCsessionname Connect to Multicast sessionname.
See the document Switches:
Cloning.
@MTx Designates which tape device to
use (0 through n).
-#E=filename.ENV Designates the filename of your
ENV file for registration purposes.
-AFILE=filename Diagnostic Replaces the default abort error log Symantec
file name, Ghosterr.txt, with the Ghost 8.0
directory and file given in filename. Norton Ghost
2003
-AUTO Image file Automatically names spanned Symantec
image files during creation. Using Ghost 8.0
this switch avoids the user prompt Norton Ghost
that asks for confirmation of the 2003
next destination location for the
remainder of the image file that is
being restored.
This switch is the default behavior
for Symantec Ghost.
-BATCH User Prevents abort messages from Symantec
intervention waiting for user acknowledgment, Ghost 8.0
and removes user interaction Norton Ghost
prompts. The return value of 2003
Ghost.exe must be checked to
identify whether the operation was
successful. Symantec Ghost returns
0 on success and 1 or higher on
failure or error.
-BFC=x Bad disk Handles bad FAT clusters when Symantec
writing to disk. If this switch is set, Ghost 8.0
and the target partition is FAT, Norton Ghost
Symantec Ghost checks for and 2003
works around bad sectors and all
free sectors are verified.
This option may slow Symantec
Ghost operation substantially.
-BLIND Batch mode Prevents any GUI display. The Symantec
processing blind switch must be used with Ghost 8.0
switches that do not require any
user input, for example, the clone
switch. Using this switch lets you
 execute Ghost operations on a
computer with no video adapter.
-BLKSZE=x Image file Sets the block size to x K for Removed
writing to image files. from
Symantec
Ghost 8.0.
-BOOTCD Clone / CD-R When writing an image directly to a Symantec
and CD-RW CD/DVD writer, this makes the Ghost 8.0
drives CD/DVD bootable. A bootable Norton Ghost
floppy disk is required in drive A. If 2003
you use the -SURE switch with
-bootcd, and a floppy disk is not in
drive A, then a non-bootable
CD/DVD is created.
-BUFFERSIZE=x Network Ghost creates an image file using a Symantec
buffer of size x where x = number Ghost 8.0
of KB. The default size of the Norton Ghost
buffer is automatically calculated 2003
by Symantec Ghost. The buffersize
switch lets you override this size.
You can set the buffer size value
from 1 to 32.
-CHKIMG,filename Image File Checks the integrity of the image Symantec
file that is indicated by the Ghost 8.0
filename. Norton Ghost
2003
-CLONE Clone Ghost.exe operation switch. This Symantec
switch allows automation of Ghost 8.0
Ghost.exe operations and has a Norton Ghost
series of arguments that define the 2003
operation parameters.
-CNS Image File Reverts the naming of spanned files Symantec
to the system used by versions of Ghost 8.0
Symantec Ghost prior to Symantec Norton Ghost
Ghost 6.5. If this switch is not used, 2003
then the naming of spanned files
conforms to Microsoft application
guidelines. You do not need to use
this switch when reading an
existing file. Use this switch when
the first five characters in a file
name must be unique.

For example:

With -CNS: (Allows you to save in

long file name format.)
This is a long file name.gho
This is a long file name.001
This is a long file name.002

Without -CNS:
Filename.gho
Filen001.ghs
Filen002.ghs
-CRC32 CRC32 / This switch creates an image file Symantec
Image with CRC values and then verifies Ghost 8.0
verification the list against the original or a Norton Ghost
copy. The purpose is to allow both 2003
quick listing of the contents of an
 image file and verification that a
disk created by Symantec Ghost
contains the same files as the
original.
-CRCIGNORE CRC32 / CRC errors indicate data Symantec
Image corruption. This switch overrides Ghost 8.0
verification CRC error Norton Ghost
detection and may allow a 2003
corrupted image file to be used.
Using this switch leaves the
corrupted files in an unknown state.
You can use this switch to help you
extract files from a corrupted image
file.
-CVTAREA FAT partitions Creates a file, Cvtarea.tmp, that is Symantec
the location of the MFT when the Ghost 8.0
FAT32 partition is converted to Norton Ghost
NTFS. This switch operates in a 2003
similar manner to the cvtarea
program that Microsoft provides in
Deploy.cab on the Windows XP
installation CD. For more
information, see the Microsoft Web
site:
http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/t
ech/storage/ntfs-preinstall.asp

The file is created in the root

directory of the partition during a
partition or disk restore and is
created as a contiguous space on
the disk. The largest size allowed is
4 GB. If the file is larger than this,
it is truncated to 4 GB.

Consult the Symantec Ghost

Reference Guide for information on
the syntax and default settings.
-DD Diagnostic Dumps disk metrics information to Symantec
the dump log file, Ghststat.txt. The Ghost 8.0
file location can be altered using Norton Ghost
the -dfile=filename switch. 2003
-DFILE=filename Diagnostic Changes the path and file name of Symantec
the dump log file created using the Ghost 8.0
-dd switch. Norton Ghost
2003
-DI Diagnostic Display diagnostics.
-DL=number Disk Access Specifies the number of hard disks Symantec
present. Valid numbers are between Ghost 8.0
1 and 8. This may help when the Norton Ghost
BIOS does not report the number of 2003
drives correctly.

Use this switch in the following

circumstances:

 When Ghost does not

detect a fixed disk. Use the
-DL switch to force Ghost
to detect fixed disks that
 are on higher numbered
slots. To search all slots,
use ghost -DL=255
 When Ghost stops
responding immediately
after starting Ghost. This
may be due to problems
with higher slot numbers.
Use -DL with values less
then 146. The lowest
usable value would be 127
plus the number of
physical drives on the
computer. For instance, if
the computer has 2 drives,
the command would be:
ghost -DL=129.

-DLIST=drives Disk Access Specifies a list of drives to search Symantec

for span files. If a span file cannot Ghost 8.0
be found, then the drive letters in Norton Ghost
dlist are substituted one by one to 2003
look for the file on other drives.
For example, the command ghost
-dlist=CDEFG instructs Norton
Ghost to look for files on C, D, E,
F, and G drives. The path remains
the same.
DST Clone Used as a parameter with the
-CLONE switch. Defines the
location of the destination partition,
disk, or image file. See the
document Switches: Cloning.
-F32 FAT partitions Lets Symantec Ghost convert all Symantec
FAT16 volumes to FAT32 volumes Ghost 8.0
when the destination partition to Norton Ghost
convert is larger than 256 MB in 2003
size. Ensure that the installed
operating systems can access the
volumes that will be converted to
support FAT32.
-F64 FAT partitions Lets Symantec Ghost resize FAT16 Symantec
partitions to be larger than 2047 Ghost 8.0
MB using 64 KB clusters. This is Norton Ghost
only supported by Windows NT 2003
and Windows 2000. Do not use on
computers with other operating
systems.
-FATLIMIT FAT partitions Limits the size of FAT16 partitions Symantec
to 2047 MB. Useful when Windows Ghost 8.0
NT FAT16 partitions are present on Norton Ghost
the disk and 64 KB clusters are not 2003
wanted.
-FCR CRC32 / Creates a CRC file, Ghost.crc, Symantec
Image while making an image file. This is Ghost 8.0
verification the same CRC file that is created Norton Ghost
when using one of the create 2003
actions on the -CRC32 switch.
-FDC Forces Ghost to check for a dongle. Removed
In Ghost versions prior to 2.09, from
 Ghost automatically checked for a Symantec
dongle. Ghost 8.0
-FDSP Clone Force Disk Signature Preserve. Use Symantec
to resolve bootup failures after Ghost 8.0
cloning a disk on a Windows Norton Ghost
2000/XP computer, especially when 2003
the disk and controller are the same
in the source and destination
computers, but the partition sizes or
layout are different. This switch
preserves the signature bytes on the
destination disk when performing a
disk-to-disk or image-to-disk
cloning operation. This switch
prevents Ghost from automatically
forcing a disk initialization, which
Ghost does by default when
imaging a Windows 2000/XP disk.
-FDSZ Clone Force Disk Signature to Zero. Use Symantec
to resolve bootup failures after Ghost 8.0
cloning a partition on a Windows Norton Ghost
2000/XP computer, especially when 2003
the disk and controller are the same
in the source and destination
computers, but the partition sizes or
layout are different. This switch
configures Ghost to force a disk
initialization.
-FEMAX Clone When Ghost creates an extended Symantec
partition during a Disk-to-Disk or Ghost 8.0
Image-to-Disk operation, the Norton Ghost
FEMAX switch ensures that the 2003
extended partition takes up all free
space.
-FFATID Partition ID Changes the partition ID of the FAT Symantec
partition to the recommended Ghost 8.0
partition ID for the FAT partition. Norton Ghost
The partition ID is stored in the 2003
partition table.

This switch only works when Ghost

creates and saves an image file or
when Ghost clones dynamically
(such as with a Disk-to-Disk or
Partition-to-Partition operation).
This switch has no effect when
Ghost restores an image file to a
disk or partition.

For example, if you clone a

partition of type 0xA0 (which is an
unknown
partition ID), and Ghost sees the
partition as a valid FAT partition
(that is, FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32),
then Ghost changes the partition ID
from 0xA0 to an ID that is valid for
FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32.

This was default Symantec Ghost

behavior before Symantec Ghost
 7.5. This switch allows for
backward compatibility.
-FFI Disk Access Prefers the use of direct IDE access Symantec
for IDE hard disk operations. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-FFS Disk Access Prefers the use of direct ASPI/SCSI Symantec
disk access for SCSI hard disk Ghost 8.0
operations. Norton Ghost
2003
-FFX Disk Access Prefers the use of Extended Symantec
Interrupt 13h disk access for hard Ghost 8.0
disk operations. Norton Ghost
2003
-FINGER Information Shows the fingerprint details Symantec
written on a hard disk created by Ghost 8.0
Symantec Ghost. The fingerprint Norton Ghost
details include the process used to 2003
create the disk or partition and the
time, date, and disk on which the
operation was performed. See the
document How to determine
whether Ghost wrote to a disk or
partition.
-FIS Disk Access Uses all available disk space when Symantec
creating partitions. By default, Ghost 8.0
Symantec Ghost often leaves a Norton Ghost
small amount of free space at the 2003
end of the disk. Because partitions
must be aligned to cylinder
boundaries, Symantec Ghost may
leave up to 8 MB free even when
-fis is specified.
-FNA Disk Access Turns off asynchronous
Input/Output. When -FNI solves a
disk access problem, -FNA and
-FNU can be used to help diagnose
the disk access problem.
-FNI Disk Access Disables direct IDE access support Symantec
for IDE hard disk operations. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-FNS Disk Access Disables direct ASPI/SCSI access Symantec
support for SCSI hard disk Ghost 8.0
operations. Norton Ghost
2003
-FNU Disk Access This switch prevents Ghost from
accessing the IDE drive by means
of Ultra DMA and forces Ghost to
access the drive by means of PIO
instead. For information on Ghost's
drive access methods, see the
document Description of Ghost
Diagnostic Error File.

When -FNI solves a disk access

problem, -FNA and -FNU can be
used to help diagnose the disk
access problem.
-FNX Disk Access Disables extended INT13 support Symantec
for hard disk operations. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-FORCE1394 Disk Access Forces FireWire support to start, Symantec
even when the FireWire controller Ghost 8.0
is being run by something else.
-FORCE1394 attempts to take over
the FireWire Host Controller. To
enable native BIOS support you
must restart the computer.

Note the following:

 Use this switch with

caution.
 Avoid using the force1394
switch to take over a
FireWire controller from a
driver, for example,
Iomega FireWire drivers.
You may encounter
problems if you do this.

-FORCEUSB Disk Access Forces USB support to start, even Symantec

when the USB controller is being Ghost 8.0
run by something else.
-FORCEUSB attempts to take over
the USB Host Controller and then
attempts to return it to the previous
state once the Ghost operation is
complete. This works for
controllers as follows:

 EHCI controllers with

BIOS support are taken
over and then returned to
the BIOS.
 UHCI controllers with
BIOS support are taken
over and then returned to
the BIOS.
For example, the keyboard
is returned after the Ghost
operation is finished.
 OHCI controllers with
BIOS support are taken
over but not returned to the
BIOS.

Note the following:

 Use this switch with

caution.
 Avoid using the forceusb
switch to take over a USB
controller from a driver,
for example, the Ghost
peer-to-peer USB driver.
 You may encounter
problems if you do this.

-FRO Bad disk Forces Ghost to continue cloning Symantec

even if the source contains bad Ghost 8.0
clusters. Norton Ghost
2003
-FX User Causes Ghost to exit to DOS after Symantec
intervention an operation is complete. By Ghost 8.0
default, Norton Ghost
Ghost prompts the user to restart or 2003
exit when the operation has
finished. If Ghost is run as part of a
batch file, it is sometimes useful to
exit back to the DOS prompt after
completion so that further batch
commands are processed.
-GHOSTONCD Clone Includes Ghost.exe on a CD/DVD Symantec
when writing an image to a Ghost 8.0
CD/DVD. Norton Ghost
2003
-H or -? or -HELP Information Shows the Ghost command-line Symantec
switch Help page. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-IA Clone The Image All switch forces Ghost Symantec
to perform a sector-by-sector copy Ghost 8.0
of all partitions. By default, when Norton Ghost
copying a partition from a disk to 2003
an image file or to another disk,
Ghost examines the source partition
and decides whether to copy just
the files and directory structure, or
to do a sector-by-sector copy. If it
understands the internal format of
the partition, it defaults to copying
the files and directory structure.
Generally this is the best option.
However, if a disk has been set up
with special hidden security files
that are in specific positions on the
partition, the only way to reproduce
them accurately on the target
partition is through a sector-by-
sector copy. If you use this switch
to create an image of a dynamic
disk, then the image must be
restored to a disk with identical
geometry.
-IAL Clone / Linux Forces a sector-by-sector copy of Symantec
Linux partitions. Other partitions Ghost 8.0
are copied normally. Norton Ghost
2003
-IB Clone When creating an image or copying Symantec
disk to disk, the -IB switch (Image Ghost 8.0
Boot) forces a copy of the entire Norton Ghost
boot track; not just the boot sector. 2003

Use this switch when applications,

such as some boot-time utilities,
 use the boot track to store
information.

 You cannot perform

partition-to-partition or
partition-to-image
operations with the -IB
switch.
 Partition sizes cannot be
altered when using the -IB
switch.

-ID Clone When creating an image or copying Symantec

disk to disk, the -ID switch (Image Ghost 8.0
Disk) forces a sector-by-sector Norton Ghost
copy, and copies the entire boot 2003
track, extended partition tables, and
unpartitioned space on the disk.

 Partition sizes cannot be

altered when using the -ID
switch.

-IGB Boot partition Ignore Ghost Boot partition.

When creating an image file, the

-IGB switch tells Ghost to exclude
the Ghost boot partition. That is,
when the source disk includes a
Ghost boot partition and you use
the -IGB switch, the resulting
image file does not include the
Ghost boot partition.

When writing an image file to a

disk, the -IGB switch tells Ghost to
ignore the boot partition that is on
the destination disk. That is, when
the destination disk includes a
Ghost boot partition and you use
the -IGB switch, Ghost does not
write over the existing Ghost boot
partition.

The Ghost Enterprise Console in

Ghost 6.0 and later use the -IGB
switch by default.

Related information:

 The switch -SGB.

 The document Will Ghost
Console overwrite the
Ghost boot partition or
create two Ghost boot
partitions?

-IMGDESC Adds a single-line image file Symantec

description to the image file. This Ghost 8.0
 has the following restrictions: Norton Ghost
2003
 Cannot include any new
lines
 Cannot be used with
-imgdescfile
 Must be used with the
clone switch
 Clone switch mode must
be create, dump, prcreate,
or pdump

-IMGDESCFILE = filename Specifies a text file that contains an Symantec

image file description to be added Ghost 8.0
to the image file. Norton Ghost
This has the following restrictions: 2003

 Cannot be used with

-imgdesc
 Must be used with the
clone switch
 Clone switch mode must
be create, dump, prcreate,
or pdump

-INT41 Drive detection Use DOS drive table for Removed

determining drive geometry. from Ghost
8.0
-IR Clone The Image Raw switch copies the Symantec
entire disk, ignoring the partition Ghost 8.0
table. This is useful when a disk Norton Ghost
does not contain a partition table in 2003
the standard PC format, or you do
not want partitions to be realigned
to track boundaries on the
destination disk. Some operating
systems may not be able to access
unaligned partitions. Partitions
cannot be resized during restore
and you need an identical or larger
disk.
-JA=sessionname GhostCast Connects to the GhostCast Server Symantec
using the specified session name. Ghost 8.0
Set the disk and possibly partition
to be cloned on the GhostCast
Server.
-JADDR=<id_address> GhostCast Use this switch to specify the IP Symantec
address of the computer that runs Ghost 8.0
the GhostCast Server or Ghost
Console.
-JL:x=filename GhostCast Creates a log file to assist in Symantec
diagnosing GhostCasting and Ghost 8.0
TCP/IP peer-to-peer problems. The Norton Ghost
amount of information logged is set 2003
by the log level x. The log level x
can be E (errors), S (statistics), W
(warnings), I (information), or A
(all) in increasing order of logging
detail. The file name indicates the
path and file name of the log to be
 created. In general, the
error and statistic levels do not
affect session performance. All
other levels may reduce
performance and should be used for
diagnostic purposes only.
-JM=[U|D|M] GhostCast Use unicasting, direct broadcast, or Symantec
multicasting. Ghost 8.0
-JS=n GhostCast Specifies the maximum number of Symantec
router hops between the client Ghost 8.0
computer and Ghost server. In older
Ghost versions, the maximum
allowed is 10 hops.
Used to increase the number of
hops required to contact the Ghost
Multicast Server. For instance,
when Ghost is set for a -JS value of
1, the packet will make it through 1
router only, and be stopped at a
second router.
Ghost's ability to successfully clone
over many hops is dependent on
timing issues and router and switch
restrictions. The fewer hops, the
greater likelihood of a successful
GHOST connection.
-LOCKINFO BIOS Lock Shows the type code and Symantec
information stored in the BIOS or Ghost 8.0
the Pentium III Processor ID. Norton Ghost
See also the -LOCKTYPE switch. 2003
-LOCKTYPE=Type BIOS Lock Lets you lock an image file for use Symantec
with a specific set of computers Ghost 8.0
defined by the type chosen and the Norton Ghost
source computer. 2003
For example, ghost -locktype=P
creates an image that can be used
only on systems that have the same
product name type as the source
computer.
On computers with multiple
processors the processorID bios
lock option does not work as
intended when running
Ghost32.exe. In this situation do
not create or restore images with
the -locktype parameter set to I.
Other -locktype values work as
intended.
See also the -LOCKINFO switch.
-LPM Peer to peer The LPT master mode switch Symantec
causes Ghost to automatically go Ghost 8.0
into LPT master mode, and is the Norton Ghost
equivalent of selecting LPT Master 2003
from the main menu.
-LPS Peer to peer The LPT slave mode switch causes Symantec
Ghost to automatically go into LPT Ghost 8.0
slave mode, and is the equivalent of Norton Ghost
selecting LPT Slave from the main 2003
menu.
-MEMCHECK Diagnostic Displays a diagnostic memory Norton Ghost
 dump for technical support issues. 2003
-MODE Clone Used as a parameter with the
-CLONE switch. Takes the values
COPY, LOAD, DUMP, PCOPY,
PLOAD, PDUMP. See the
document Switches: Cloning.
-NBM Launch Ghost as NetBIOS Master. Removed
from
Symantec
Ghost 8.0.
-NBS Launch Ghost as NetBIOS Slave. Removed
from
Symantec
Ghost 8.0.
-NO1394 Disk Access Disables Firewire 1394 support. Symantec
Ghost 8.0
-NOAUTO Image File Disables the automatic naming of Symantec
spanned image files during Ghost 8.0
creation. The user is prompted for Norton Ghost
confirmation of the next destination 2003
location for the remainder of the
image file that is being restored.
-NOAUTOSKIP Image File Includes the hibernation and skip Symantec
files in the image file. These files Ghost 8.0
are excluded by default. Norton Ghost
2003
-NOFILE User Disables the Image File Selection Symantec
intervention dialog box. Useful when opening Ghost 8.0
directories with large numbers of Norton Ghost
files and slow links. 2003
-NOIDE Disables access to IDE devices. Symantec
This is equivalent to -fni for IDE Ghost 8.0
disks, but noide also affects Norton
ATAPI CD writers, tape drives Ghost 2003
and other IDE devices.
-NOINDEX Prevents Ghost from creating an Symantec
index when creating an image file. Ghost 8.0
This slightly reduces the size of the Norton Ghost
image file and saves memory but 2003
Ghost Explorer is much slower in
reading the image file. This switch
is useful if you are saving an image
file from a large disk with very
little memory.
-NOLILO Clone / Linux Does not attempt to patch the LILO Symantec
or GRUB boot loader after a clone. Ghost 8.0
If you use the -NOLILO switch, Norton Ghost
you can restart your computer from 2003
a floppy disk or CD after a clone
and then run /sbin/lilo or the GRUB
install script as the root user to
reinstall the boot loader.
-NOUSB Disk Access Disables USB support. Symantec
Ghost 8.0
-NOSCSI Disk Access Disables access to SCSI devices Symantec
using ASPI. This is equivalent to Ghost 8.0
-fns for SCSI disks, but noscsi also Norton Ghost
affects SCSI CD writers, tape 2003
drives, and other SCSI devices.
-NTC- NTFS Disables NTFS contiguous run Symantec
partitions allocation. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-NTCHKDSK NTFS Force CHKDSK to run when Symantec
partitions restarting a computer that uses Ghost 8.0
NTFS on the boot partition. Norton Ghost
2003
Ghost prevents CHKDSK from
running on the client computer after
cloning a Windows NT/2000
computer. To force CHKDSK to
run, use the -NTCHKDSK switch.
-NTD NTFS Enable NTFS internal diagnostic Symantec
partitions checking. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-NTEXACT NTFS Enable an exact restore of the Symantec
partitions NTFS source volume layout. Ghost 8.0
-NTIC NTFS Ignore the NTFS volume CHKDSK Symantec
partitions bit. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-NTIID NTFS Ignores the partition's System ID Symantec
partitions and clones based on the underlying Ghost 8.0
file system, instead of defaulting to Norton Ghost
a sector-by-sector Image All 2003
cloning.

The -NTIID switch enables the

Windows NT volume set partitions
to be intelligently cloned file by
file, which allows resizing.
However, using the -NTIID switch
with volume and Stripe sets is not
recommended.
-NTIL NTFS Ignore non-empty NTFS Log File Symantec
partitions check (Inconsistent volume). Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-NTN NTFS Inhibit CHKDSK on NTFS volume Removed
partitions boot. In Ghost 6.5 and later, Ghost from Ghost
does this automatically. 8.0
-NTX:x NTFS Set the size of Ghost's NTFS Removed
partitions volume memory cache to x KB. from Ghost
The default is 8000. 8.0
-OR Clone The override switch allows the Symantec
override of internal space and Ghost 8.0
integrity checks and lets you put a Norton Ghost
very big image into a small 2003
partition. The operation fails if it is
unable to write to the limited
partition size. This switch lets you
override spanning, which fails if
there is limited space. Avoid using
this switch.
-PFILE=<directory> Clone / File Saves the File Preservation Symantec
Preservation Metadata File that holds the Ghost 8.0
location of preserved files to a
 specified location. By default, it is
saved to the current directory.
-PMBR Image File Specifies that the master boot Symantec
record of the destination disk be Ghost 8.0
preserved when performing a Disk- Norton Ghost
to-Disk or Image-to-Disk operation. 2003
-PREFGHST File System Attempts to use internal Ghost file Symantec
system access as opposed to using Ghost 8.0
the operating system for file system
access. This switch is intended for
use under instruction from
Symantec Technical Support when
troubleshooting.
-PREFOS File System If Symantec Ghost has a choice, it Symantec
attempts to use the operating Ghost 8.0
system for file system access as
opposed to using the internal Ghost
file system access.
-PRESERVE=filepath[=newpath] File List of files/directories to Symantec
[,filepath[=newpath]...] Preservation preserve during a clone. Ghost 8.0
An error will be generated if the
files/directories do not exist.
-PRESERVEIFEXISTS=filepath[=newpath] File List of files/directories to Symantec
[,filepath[=newpath]...] Preservation preserve during a clone. Ghost 8.0
No error will be generated if the
files/directories do not exist.
-PRESERVEDEST=n File Specify the partition on the Symantec
Preservation destination disk that preserved Ghost 8.0
files/directories will be preserved
in.
-PRESERVEDIMAGEDELETEAFTERCLONE File If image file is being preserved, Symantec
Preservation delete it after the clone has Ghost 8.0
completed.
-PWD Image file Prompt for a password when Symantec
creating an image file. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
 When you restore the 2003
image file (that is, you
have Ghost write the
image file over a disk or
partition), Ghost will
require that you enter this
password.
 The password can be up to
10 characters long.
 Using a password longer
than 10 characters might
prevent Ghost from
restoring the file.

-PWD=password Image file Use this password on the Ghost Symantec

command line when you have Ghost 8.0
Ghost create the image file. Norton Ghost
2003
 When you restore the
image file (that is, you
have Ghost write the
image file over a disk or
partition), Ghost will
 require that you enter this
password.
 The password can be up to
10 characters long.
 Using a password longer
than 10 characters might
prevent Ghost from
restoring the file.

-QUIET User Disables status updates and user Symantec

intervention intervention. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-RB User Forces an automatic reboot after Symantec
intervention completion. After completing a Ghost 8.0
restore or copy operation, the target Norton Ghost
computer must be restarted so that 2003
the operating system can restore the
new disk/partition information.
Normally, Ghost prompts the user
to restart or exit. -RB tells Ghost to
restart automatically after it
completes the restore or copy.
This is useful when automating
Symantec Ghost in a batch
command file.
-RECOVER Clone / File Sets the default to recover Symantec
Preservation preserved files if a previous restore Ghost 8.0
has failed and the File Preservation
Metadata File still exists. If this
switch is not used the default is set
to abort.
-SCRIPT=filename User Instructs Ghost to execute the Symantec
Intervention Ghost command lines that are listed Ghost 8.0
in the file specified. Ghost executes Norton Ghost
the commands in the order that they 2003
are listed in the text file.
-SGB Boot partition Tells Ghost Multicast Server to
ignore the Ghost boot partition.
That is, when you write an image to
a disk and use the -SGB switch,
Ghost Multicast Server will not
write over the existing Ghost boot
partition. See the related switch,
-IGB.
-SKIP=filename Image File This switch causes Ghost to skip Symantec
the indicated files during a create or Ghost 8.0
restore operation. A skip entry can Norton Ghost
specify a single file, a directory, or 2003
multiple files using the * wildcard.
File names must be given in short
file name format and all path names
are absolute. Only FAT system files
can be skipped. It is not possible to
skip files on NTFS or other file
systems. The skip switch may only
be included in the command line
once. To
specify multiple skip entries, they
must be included in a text file
 indicated using -skip=@skipfile.
The format of the skip text file,
skipfile, matches the format used
with the CRC32 vexcept option.
-SLEEP Slows down the execution of
Ghost.
-SLOWFILE This switch causes Ghost to use
different functions for image file
Input/Output. This resolves
problems with some network
interface cards. This switch has no
effect when used with Ghostpe.exe.
See the document Switches:
-SLOWFILE and -BUFFERSIZE.
-SPAN Image file Enables spanning of image files Symantec
across volumes. Ghost 8.0
Do not use this switch if you are Norton Ghost
running Ghost.exe to write an 2003
image file directly to a CDR/RW.
Ghost.exe automatically spans CD-
R/RW disks if required.
-SPLIT=x Image file Splits image file into x MB spans. Symantec
Use this switch to create a forced- Ghost 8.0
size volume set. For example, if Norton Ghost
you want to force smaller image 2003
files from a 1024 MB drive, you
could specify 200 MB segments.
The maximum value for the -SPLIT
switch is 2048 MB.
-SRC Clone Used as a parameter with the
-CLONE switch. Defines the
location of the source partition,
disk, or image file. See the
document Switches: Cloning.
-SURE User Used with the -CLONE switch to Symantec
intervention avoid the prompts "Partition size Ghost 8.0
correct?" and "Proceed with disk Norton Ghost
load?" 2003

 If -SURE is run from a

DOS command line, Ghost
finishes the operation,
bypasses the prompt
"Reset computer or
continue?" and returns to a
DOS prompt.
 If -SURE is run from the
Ghost.exe graphical user
interface (GUI), Ghost
finishes the operation and
displays the prompt "Reset
computer or continue?"

-SZE Clone Specifies the desired size of the Symantec

destination partition for a disk load Ghost 8.0
or disk copy operation. See the Norton Ghost
documentsHow To Keep Ghost 2003
From Automatically Resizing
Partitions and Switches: Cloning.
-SZEE Clone Forces Norton Ghost to keep the Symantec
 sizes of all destination partitions the Ghost 8.0
same as in the source partition (no Norton Ghost
resizing). 2003
This switch can be used with or
without the -clone switch.
-SZEF Clone Forces Norton Ghost to keep the Symantec
sizes of all destination partitions, Ghost 8.0
except for the first one, the same as Norton Ghost
in the source partition. The first 2003
partition uses the remaining disk
space.
This switch can be used with or
without the -clone switch.
-SZEL Clone Forces Norton Ghost to keep the Symantec
sizes of all destination partitions, Ghost 8.0
except for the last one, the same as Norton Ghost
in the source partition. The last 2003
partition uses the remaining disk
space.
This switch can be used with or
without the -clone switch.
-TAPEBSIZE Tape Sets the block size on the tape you Symantec
are writing an image to. Ghost 8.0
-TAPEBUFFERED Tape Use on old DAT drives with Symantec
unreliable tapes. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-TAPEEJECT Tape By default, Ghost rewinds the tape Symantec
after a tape operation and then exits Ghost 8.0
to DOS. This switch forces Ghost Norton Ghost
to eject the tape following a tape 2003
operation. If the tape drive does not
support remote ejection you must
eject the tape manually.

Ghost versions prior to Ghost 2001

and 6.5 ejected the tape by default.
-TAPESAFE Tape Use on old DAT drives with Norton Ghost
unreliable tapes. 2003
-TAPESIZE=x Tape Not a valid switch. Ghost manuals Symantec
that refer to this switch are in error.
Ghost 8.0
Instead, use the -TAPEBSIZE Norton Ghost
switch. 2003
-TAPESPEED=x Tape X is the speed in hexadecimal, Symantec
ranging from 0 to F, where 0 is the Ghost 8.0
default speed, and F is the Norton Ghost
maximum speed. 2003
-TAPEUNBUFFERED Tape Use on old DAT drives with Symantec
unreliable tapes. Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-TCPM[:slave IP address] Peer to peer This switch sets Ghost to the Symantec
TCP/IP master mode. The switch Ghost 8.0
causes Ghost to automatically use a Norton Ghost
TCP/IP peer-to-peer connection, 2003
with this computer set in master
mode, and is equivalent to selecting
TCP/IP Master from the Ghost.exe
or Ghostpe.exe main menu.
 Specifying the IP address of the
slave computer on the command
line is optional.
-TCPS Peer to peer This switch sets Ghost to the Symantec
TCP/IP slave mode. This switch Ghost 8.0
causes Ghost to automatically use a Norton Ghost
TCP/IP peer-to-peer connection, 2003
with this computer set in slave
mode, and is equivalent to selecting
TCP/IP Slave from the Ghost.exe
or Ghostpe.exe main menu.
-U[u|d|m] Sets the Data Transfer mode to
unicasting, direct broadcast, or
multicasting. Use the switch at a
DOS command prompt in the
Advanced options on the Clone tab
in a Task in the Ghost Console or in
the "Command line" box in
GhostCast Server.

For instance, the following

command line runs GhostCast
Server in Directed Broadcast Mode
to write the image W2K.gho to all
computers on a single subnet in a
GhostCast Session that is called
Sales.

Ghostsrv.exe
C:\images\w2k.gho sales
-ud
-UNPRESERVEIMAGE File After a failed restore, do not Symantec
Preservation preserve the image file that was Ghost 8.0
used on the failed restore.
-USBM Peer to peer This switch sets Ghost to the USB Symantec
master mode. This switch causes Ghost 8.0
Ghost to automatically use a USB Norton Ghost
connection, with this computer set 2003
in master mode, and is equivalent
to selecting USB Master from the
Ghost.exe or Ghostpe.exe main
menu.
-USBS Peer to peer This switch sets Ghost to the USB Symantec
slave mode. This switch causes Ghost 8.0
Ghost to automatically use a USB Norton Ghost
connection, with this computer set 2003
in slave mode, and is equivalent to
selecting USB Slave from the
Ghost.exe or Ghostpe.exe main
menu.
-VDW Bad disk Verifies disk writes. Symantec
Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-VER Diagnostic Displays Ghost version number. Symantec
Ghost 8.0
Norton Ghost
2003
-VER=value Diagnostic Tests the version of Ghost. If Ghost
is older than the specified version,
 Ghost aborts and exits, otherwise
Ghost proceeds as normal. The
value is a three digit number and
should be specified without the
period. For example, Symantec
Ghost 7.0 is specified as
-ver=700, and Norton Ghost
2001, which is version 6.5, is
specified as -ver=650. In
Symantec Ghost, this switch is
designed for use in batch files. For
a list of version numbers, see the
document How to determine your
version of Ghost.
-WD Turns off Disk Write caching. SGSS 2.5
-WS Turns off Disk Read caching. SGSS 2.5
-WD- Turns off Disk Write caching.
-WS- Turns off Disk Read caching.
-Zx Image file When saving an image as a file, Symantec
Ghost compresses the file. Ghost Ghost 8.0
uses the following compression Norton Ghost
levels: 2003

 -Z defaults to level 1.
 1 = Fast. This is lowest
compression level, and the
fastest transfer rate (apart
from no compression).
 2 = High compression.
 3 to 9 = Highest
compression level and
slowest transfer rate.