2016
As per Guest (2016), many depictions from conventional types of mass media have
been altering to reflect unrealistic and idealized appearance traits. Furthermore, to meet
these sometimes-unattainable expectations, members of the general public have
started to improve their photographs for social media messages digitally. Ella Guest
investigates the effect of peer idealization on one's health and well-being.
Guest, E. (2016). Photo editing: enhancing social media images to reflect appearance
ideals. Retrieved from
https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/joan.2016.5.9.444
For many teenagers and women, altering selfies with apps and other editing software
such as Photoshop is nothing new. People can change how their bodies appear in
images with a swipe or a click, thanks to various free apps. Teens can hide blemishes,
adjust their facial shape, and alter their bodies to appear slimmer and more attractive
(for example, making their waists smaller or their hips smaller). Teenagers can hide
blemishes, change their facial appearance, and shape their bodies to appear slimmer
and more attractive (e.g., making their waists smaller or their breasts bigger). Kim and
Khloe Kardashian, well-known socialites, have used Photoshop to edit selfies for their
Instagram pages. Many fans have chastised the sisters for making unrealistic
adjustments to make themselves look more petite and more toned, as stated in a Mirror
Magazine post (Rutter & Strang, 2016).
Rutter, C., & Strang, F. (2016). Khloe Kardashian joins sister Kim with 'skinny'
Photoshop fail - their worst attempts to fool us ever. Retrieved from
https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/khloe-kardashian-joins-sister-kim-7439718
According to Bazin, et al (2016). In live-action images, effective object manipulation is a
challenging and time-consuming process. With the aid of modern technical software,
skilled video editors may accomplish this. However, complex movements can still lack
physical realism because current tools do not consider physics rules. Physically-based
simulation, on the other hand, promises a high level of realism. Instead of returning an
altered version of an input live-action film, it usually produces a simulated 3D scene
animation. The formulation of an image-aware constraint within physics simulations is at
the heart of our research. External control forces direct the object to facilitate proper
texturing at any frame while still creating physically realistic motions. On a variety of
physical interactions, including rigid motion, multi-body collisions, clothing, and elastic
bodies, we demonstrate our system's generality.
Bazin, et al. (2016). Physically Based Video Editing. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309521951_Physically_Based_Video_Editing.
According to Zhang, et al (2016), in many video editing and enhancement applications,
extracting context features to estimate the camera path is crucial. Existing methods
often fail when dealing with highly dynamic videos shot with moving cameras and
containing extreme foreground occlusion. We present a modern, realistic approach
based on existing theories that can accurately classify background features in complex
footage, allowing for accurate camera path estimation and background layering. A local
motion analysis step and a global optimization step are included in our method.
Zhang, et al. (2016). Robust background identification for dynamic video editing.
Retrieved from https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/2980179.2980243.
2017
According to Santiago (2017), even the most ordinary photographs can be transformed
into exquisite works of art by photo editing. If you have vacation photos, family photos,
party photos, or special event photos that bring back fond memories, photo editing will
help them stand out even more. Picture editing will also help you broaden the reach of
your organization and understand its full potential. For example, whether you run a food
catering service or a real estate agency and want to attract more customers, picture
editing will help you do just that by creating beautiful images that entice and attract the
customers you want to please.
Santiago, A. (2017). How important is Photo Editing. Retrieved from
https://adragosphoto.info/importance-of-photo-editing/#:~:text=You%20can%20make
%20any%20event,with%20more%20color%20and%20joy!
As per Wu, et al (2017), a survey of image synthesis and editing using Generative
Adversarial Networks is presented in this paper (GANs). GANs are made up of two
deep networks, a generator and a discriminator, that are competitively trained. GANs
are capable of producing fair and realistic images, and have shown great capabilities in
many image synthesis and editing applications, thanks to the power of deep networks
and the competitive training process. This paper reviews recent GAN papers on texture
synthesis, image in painting, image-to-image conversion, and image editing, among
other topics.
Wu, et al. (2017). A survey of image synthesis and editing with generative adversarial
networks. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8195348
According to Choi & Lee (2017), the aim of this paper is to present an automated video
editing system for improving the aesthetic quality of casual videos in both the temporal
and spatial domains. The method divides the given video into many shots and refines
the camera motion of each shot in the temporal domain. The system changes the color
characteristics of each shot in the spatial domain to match those of professional images.
Subjective assessment findings indicate that the proposed approach effectively
increases the visual consistency of casual images.
Choi, JH., & Lee, J.S. (2017). Aesthetic temporal and spatial editing of casual videos.
Retrieved from https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3145690.3145733
In accordance with Cabral & Correia (2017), since a video content has its own
complexity and richness, manipulating video content remains challenging. The aim of
this paper is to enhance video editing interaction by using pen-based technology. In this
research, digital ink is replaced with video content in order to provide a more
recognizable and innovative video editing experience, as well as to investigate how pen
movements can be used in this context and what design improvements are needed.
Expert and non-expert users classified the idea after it was introduced in a Tablet PC
prototype. According to user reviews, this approach proved to be normal while also
encouraging user imagination, as measured by the Creative Support Index.
Cabral, D., & Correia, N. (2017). Video editing with pen-based technology.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/295900417_Video_editing_with_pen-
based_technology
2018
According to Merz (2018), the researchers present an easy, tangible interface for
sequencing digital videos that blends the intuitiveness of physical film editing with the
versatility of today's digital video editors. Users interact with the physical clip and effect
blocks in the interface, with options to preview their created video, save videos, and
import new videos. The aim of this project is to engage users in basic video editing,
foster collaboration, and produce digital storytelling literacy.
Merz, et al. (2018). ClipWorks: a tangible interface for collaborative video editing.
Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325705441_ClipWorks_a_tangible_interface_f
or_collaborative_video_editing
According to Vachon (2018), the process of piecing together media properties to
produce a story is known as video editing. Movie footage was chemically generated and
manually cut and spliced in the early history of civilization. Software applications now
make it possible to quickly organize multimedia such that one clip matches the next.
You may render a video clip quite spectacular by overlaying it with music or
descriptions; Transitions make all the difference in the world to a scene. Sometimes,
without a transition you end up with a jumpy, fast-paced mess that nobody wants to
watch. Video editing makes these transitions smooth and elegant. The flow that the
editor is trying to preserve is what makes the film great, and transitions (in conjunction
with cutting) are a way to keep the pace of the film controlled. These measures used to
be close proximity or took an excessive period of time to complete. These also simple to
do with even the most basic video editing software. More advanced applications give
you more choices for fine-tuning media manipulation. The limited options that come with
basic editing programs will ease workflow for some new editors. Passionate movie
makers can opt for a more advanced video-editing program with more space for
expansion. Video editing software is a means to an end. You can invest in the right
program if you know what you want to achieve.
Vachon. (2018). Purchasing Postproduction Equipment: Video Editing Programs.
Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-69512-9_7.
As per Wang, et al (2018), using conditional generative adversarial networks, the
researchers present a new approach for synthesizing high-resolution photo-realistic
images from semantic label maps (conditional GANs). Conditional GANs have opened
up a world of possibilities, but the outcomes are often low-resolution and far from
practical. Novel adversarial loss, as well as new multi-scale generator and discriminator
architectures has been used to produce 2048x1024 visually appealing performance. In
addition, two new features to the platform has been permitted for immersive visual
manipulation. First, object instance segmentation details, in which it is used for object
manipulations including removing/adding objects and changing the object type. Second,
a method for producing a variety of results from the same data, enabling users to
interact with the object's appearance. Human opinion studies show that this approach
outperforms current methods, and that it improves in terms of image synthesis and
editing quality and resolution.
Wang, et al. (2018). High-resolution image synthesis and semantic manipulation with
conditional gans. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=tl&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2017&q=high-resolution+image+synthesis&oq=high-
resolution+image+syn#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3DHdq__RJp33cJ.
In accordance with Berdy (2018), since addressing photography editing services is often
very time consuming and totally unprofitable for photographers, outsourcing photo
editing has become more common as the demand for high-quality photography has
increased. Professional photographers assign this duty to photo retouchers, freelancers,
and online sites that can manage picture editing easily and effectively. The statistics
shows that photographers who outsource their photo editing to corporations make 40%
more money than those who do it themselves.
Berdy, M. (2018). Outsourcing Photo Editing. Retrieved from
https://medium.com/@retoucher/outsourcing-photo-editing-52921d32ef60.
2019
In accordance with the report by Usiagwu (2019), technology plays a significant role in
affecting the utilization of photo editing. Artificial Intelligence has become the primary
inspiration of the current wave of photo editing software trends. Following digital
technology, once an AI-powered photo editing software is used, machine learning would
help in modifying photos and augmenting these images in numerous ways.
Usiagwu, M. (2019). How Technology is Helping Reshape Photo Editing Software.
Retrieved from https://readwrite.com/2019/08/02/how-technology-is-helping-reshape-
photo-editing-software/
Image and motion graphics refer to a variety of photo interventions that are used to
provide a specified picture or video preferred special elements, such as enhancing tone,
clarity, even chromaticity, or highlighting certain features of sequences, along with
images, context, movement, quality, mood, and so on. The users would have to be
accustomed to photo production techniques and even have techniques to manage
complex and difficult higher functions on photos and videos, nor use widely known
software applications (e.g. Adobe Photoshop, GIMP) which provide motion picture
processes to reach the desired production design. As a result, for frequent users to
modify image features with increased interventions including certain common interfaces
simple and productive picture and videos production measures are required. From the
other hand, the techniques are supposed to be effortlessly transparent upon on photo,
ensuring that photorealism is not damaged. For numerous visual and videos production
concerns, software and learning-based creative ideas that attempt to fulfill such
standards had also additionally been utilized. Following the recent trends and
innovations, this study proposes learning-based approaches for a variety of image and
video editing issues, including balance shavings, graphical feature manipulating, and
language-based video manipulation. These tools descriptive and inferential statistical
engage with state-of-the-art strategies on baseline methods while offering basic high-
level interfaces such as descriptive images and visual qualities.
Levent, K. (2019). Learning Based and Image and Video Editing. Retrieved From
http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/21314.
Memorability is viewed as an essential aspect of graphical materials and it is frequently
needed for advertising and learning purposes. Although various findings on recognizing
and assessing photo usability, few progresses has been made in improving credibility.
In this article, it compares and contrast two techniques to photo retouching: GAN and
traditional picture manipulation and demonstrate how they affect relatability. Since the
visual features that specifically affect authenticity are obscure, it is difficult to monitor it
systematically. As a resolution, the GAN learn it thoroughly using classification model
until applying it to provisional image processing. It recognizes usability as a distinct
component and work with in such a way that software which manipulate graphical
features would. Since there are no concrete examples of successfully changing image
usability while retaining its other attributes, the data obtained is also relevant for
observation. In addition, this will include several relevant insights to its query "what
makes a picture memorable?" Apart from that, it examines the effect of traditional photo-
editing techniques (Photoshop, Instagram, etc.) on relatability in a broad audience. In
this case, it is started with real-world approaches and investigate them with the aid of
statistics and significant advancements in uniqueness assessment.
Sidorov, 0. (2019). Changing the Image Memorability: From Basic Photo Editing to
GANs. Retrieved From
https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_CVPRW_2019/html/MBCCV/Sidorov_Changing
_the_Image_Memorability_From_Basic_Photo_Editing_to_GANs_CVPRW_2019_paper
.html.
In a primarily software approach, digital video production containing at least the phases
of choosing the most appropriate material from the standpoint of quality assessment
and the value of the movement photographed; through editing the videos into a concise
and clear graphical scenario that would be fun to watch is applied. The ImageNet-
trained feature extraction cognitive connectivity extracts visual semantic and aesthetic
characteristics, while an imitation processing framework trains the editing interface. As a
result, the controller demonstrates signs of adhering to simple visual effects production
principles learned from the repository of motion picture masterpieces during processing.
Podlesnyy S. (2019) Towards Data-Driven Automatic Video Editing. In: Liu Y., Wang L.,
Zhao L., Yu Z. (eds) Advances in Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge
Discovery. ICNC-FSKD 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol
1074. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32456-8_39.
2020
According to Byron (2020), all of your hard work comes together in video editing, and
you get to bring the final product together. Your video would be average at best if you
don't hire a good editor. A good editor will bring the graphics and message to life in
ways that the average person cannot. Many people concentrate on the message, the
plot, the production, and the visuals while making a film. Although these items are
significant, it's easy to forget the benefit of getting your work edited by someone who
knows what they're doing. Editing is arguably the most difficult skill to master of all the
different skills and sets of knowledge involved in video production.
Byron, M. (2020). Post-Production Importance of Video Editing. Retrieved from
https://www.astralstudios.co.za/post-production-importance-video-editing/
According to a report by Lazard, et al (2020), as digital manipulation capabilities in
image-based ads become more common, this project looked at whether knowing how to
manipulate photos affects how people view photography-based appeals. The
researchers discovered that photo manipulation is a convincing advertising strategy to
positively influence customer choices and perceptions toward products, regardless of
higher social awareness that visual photos are easily manipulated, using an
experimental design of images manipulated to convey product efficacy (e.g. fuller hair,
longer lashes, and smoother skin). The effectiveness of visual literacy skills as a
defense against visual exploitation is called into question by these results.
Lazard, et al. (2020). Impact of photo manipulation and visual literacy on consumers’
responses to persuasive communication. Retrieved from
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1051144X.2020.1737907?
journalCode=rjvl20&.
According to Rodrigo & Henthorn (2020), formal film analysis is traditionally taught by
viewing films and defining and evaluating formal film elements in class discussions or
course articles. Students may integrate applied techniques into their critical research by
using video editing software to "slice and dice" existing films. This builds trust in their
ability to recognize and discuss structured elements of film because they have used
these elements to produce videos of their own. Despite the availability of a wide range
of video editing software, few studies have been conducted on the use of video editing
software as a pedagogical tool for teaching film, especially formal elements on how
films are put together and make sense.
Rodrigo, R., & Henthorn, J. (2020). Slicing and Dicing: Using video editing software to
teach film. Retrieved from https://journals.uc.edu/index.php/jrpct/article/view/1474?
fbclid=IwAR1XyvMZYMPG5Xu8mtaXTkz5uOrXBjGReVLV7gVjLFGcoqoTNOOJajydEm
8
As stated by Cao, et al (2020), recent researches have shown that facial image editing
tasks have progressed. Previous techniques for video editing, on the other hand, either
applied transformations frame by frame or used multiple frames in a concatenated or
iterative manner, resulting in visible visual flickers. Furthermore, these approaches are
limited to dealing with a single job at a time and lack extensibility.
Cao, et al. (2020). Task-agnostic Temporally Consistent Facial Video Editing. Retrieved
from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342706506_Task-
agnostic_Temporally_Consistent_Facial_Video_Editing.
