QUESTIONS
QN 1
(i) List 5 clinical teaching methods of your choice
(ii) (ii) Define each method, describe how the method is used and list pros
and cons of each method mentioned in (i) above
QN 2
Describe in detail 3 models of clinical teaching
ANSWERS
QN1(i) Clinical teaching is time limited process whereby the teacher and
student create an established partnership with in a shared environment in
such a way that the teacher’s primary, operational frame of reference is
maintained as the legitimate means for affecting student’s behavior towards
intended purpose.
There are very many clinical teaching methods and below are the five of my
choice;
Bedside clinics
Field trip
Process recording
Observation
Conferences
QN1 (ii)
Bedside clinics
A bedside clinic is a process in which a clinical teacher and a group of
learners sees a patient, elicits or verifies physical signs, discusses provisional
diagnosis, diagnostic or therapeutic options in the clinical setting.
It is done in three phases that include the introduction phase, patient
centered discussion and the post clinic evaluation.
Its pros include;
It puts the student in an active actual situation.
Gives the student autonomy
Covers limited group of students.
Develop qualities of observation and decision taking.
Ensures close contact with reality and Permits comparison between
reality and theory.
Its cons include;
Sometimes put the patient in a difficult situation.
Poor standardization.
Narrow limits of utilization.
Field trip
A field trip is a visit to a place outside the regular classroom, which is
designed to achieve certain objectives, which cannot be achieved as well
by using other means.
It requires Knowledge, Rapport, Objectives, Time and transport,
Preparation of the students, Supervision, Follow up and evaluation
Its pros include;
Breaks monotony of classroom.
Provides opportunity for learning attitudes and positive values.
Provides opportunity for learning and acquiring skills.
Correlate school life with outside world.
Arouse interest and motivation.
Its cons include;
Time consuming.
Careful planning is required.
Transportation problem.
Safety precautions are required.
Observation difficulty for large group.
Process recording
Process recording is an exact written report of the conversation between the
nurse and the patient during the time they were together.
It’s done in three phases whereby the student is prepared then recording
nurse patient interaction and lastly evaluating the interaction by nurse,
teacher and the student.
Its pros include;
This report can be used as a teaching learning tool, an evaluation tool
or as a therapeutic tool.
It’s an active process
Its cons include;
Time consuming
A lot of information is required to be written both before and during
the process
Observation
The act of measuring, questioning, evaluating, or otherwise observing a
patient or a specimen from a patient in healthcare; the act of making a
clinical judgment.
Students are allowed to observe and submit their judgement respectively
Its pros include;
Students gain some experience of clinical judgement.
Provides opportunity for learning and acquiring skills.
Correlate school life with outside world.
Its cons include;
Time consuming
Can lead to medical errors due to many different possible diagnoses
Conferences
These are scheduled events at which practicing physicians and students
themselves present to their colleagues interesting clinical cases, share their
new experiences and learn about the latest achievements of medical science
and practice.
There are of many types according to the attendees; Clinical conference,
Individual conference, Group conference, Staff conference, Nursing care
conference, Team conference. etc.
There pros include;
Help the student to collect information in creative way.
Provides real practical learning environment to students.
Fortifies the thinking of students.
To clarifies class knowledge.
There cons include;
Time consuming
Require a lot of resources to happen
QN2
