TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (WEEK 3-4-5)

CREATE EMBROIDERED ARTICLE

Pretest
I. Direction: Identify the word/s that best describe/s the following statements.
1. Color in between three spaces in the color wheel.
2. Two neighboring colors and their opposite.
3. Three neighboring colors one of which is dominant.
4. Colors opposite each other in the color wheel.
5. One color of different shade.
6. It is the arrangement of line, form, color and texture with the purpose of achieving order and beauty.
7. A principle that infers repetition of line, form, shape and size. 8. This referred to as the center of interest of a design.
9. Refers to the surface appearance which is either rough or smooth, dull or glossy, thick or thin.
10. It is the easiest way of transferring design onto the fabric. Hot-iron transfer
II. Give at least five (5) good working habits

Information Sheet 2.1

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
You can only produce good embroidered articles if you know how to create a good design and use the right
color o thread for it. Careful study of the principles of design and strictly following it will help you produce a good
design. Always bear in mind that design is the arrangement of line, form, color and texture with the purpose of
achieving order and beauty.
1. Harmony
Harmony is the Law of Unity with variety. This principle infers repetition of line, form, shape and size.
2. Proportion
Pertains to the relationship in size between a part and the whole.
3. Balance
May be produced in two ways, either formal or informal. Formal balance or symmetry has equal color, shape,
and size on either side of a design. While the informal occult has unequal proportion.
4. Rhythm
It is a smooth related movement. Pattern and line carry the eyes along without jerky motion. The eye
automatically connects points in space.
5. Emphasis
The eye is carried first to the most important part of the design and then to the other details in order of their
importance. This referred to as the center of interest of a design.
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
1. Line
Skeleton or basic foundation sketch to direct the eye vertically or horizontally.
2. Texture
Refers to the surface appearance which is either rough or smooth, dull or glossy, thick or thin
3. Color
Color may be cool, warm, bright or dull. Choosing the right color will greatly affect the appearance of your
finished project.
Below is a color wheel consisting of twelve colors which will give you an idea to make successful choice of color.
There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel. We begin with a 3-part color wheel.
Primary Colors: Red, yellow and blue. In traditional color theory (used in paint and pigments), primary colors are the
3 pigment colors that cannot be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors
are derived from these 3 hues.
Secondary Colors: Green, orange and purple. These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors.
Tertiary Colors: Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green & yellow-green. These are the colors
formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color. That's why the hue is a two-word name, such as blue-green,
red-violet, and yellow-orange.
COLOR SCHEME
A. Related Colors
1. Monochromatic Harmony- One color of different shade
2. Analogous Harmony- Three neighboring colors, one of which is dominant
B. Contrasting Colors
1. Complementary- Colors opposite each other in the color wheel
2. Double Complementary- Two neighboring colors and their opposite colors
3. Split Complementary- Three colors diagonal with each other
4. Triad- The color in between three spaces in color wheel
SELF-CHECK 2.1
Direction: Classify the following colors write PC for Primary color, SC for Secondary color and TC for Tertiary color.
Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Blue
2. Blue-violet
3. Green
4. Orange
5. Red
6. Red-violet
7. Violet
8. Yellow
9. Yellow- orange
10. Yellow-Green

Information Sheet 2.2

TRANSFERRING DESIGNS
The embroidery design you choose reflects who you are or the purpose for which your project is being done.
For a more individual touch, you may create. If this is not possible you may copy a design from commercially available
books on embroidery. Whichever make sure that the design you choose will not only suit your purpose but will also
enhance the beauty of your fabric.
There are several ways of transferring designs on fabric. Among these are ironing, tracing, and stamping.
Hot-iron Transfer
Some designs sold in craft stores are printed on thin transfer sheets. These are called hot-iron transfers, the
easiest among the three methods. To use a hot-iron transfer, first remove excess paper around the design, place the
design on the fabric, then pin at the corners. Make sure your flatiron is at low setting before pressing it over an area of
the design for a few seconds. Lift the iron then move it to another area of the design. Remember not to glide the iron
over the design as this can ruin the design.

Tracing Method
Designs may also be transferred using a tracing wheel and preferably dressmaker’s carbon paper. However,
when no carbon paper of this type is available, ordinary carbon paper may be used. Utmost care should be taken
though in using the latter type as it can smear badly on the fabric. Remember to use light-colored
carbon paper if your fabric is of a light color.
The steps in this method are as follows:
1. Place your design right side up on your fabric then pin at the corners. Slowly insert the
carbon paper or dressmaker’s carbon, carbon side down, between the design and fabric.
2. Using a tracing wheel, go over the lines of the design.

3. You may also use a pencil or any sharp or pointed

instrument to trace the design.
Stamping
In transferring designs by stamping, you will need soft absorbent cloth, indigo, kerosene or petroleum, sheets
of newspaper, your perforated design, and the fabric on which you want to stamp your design. A perforated pattern of
your design is made by pricking holes along the lines of the design.
The steps in this method are as follows:
1. Form the soft absorbent cloth into ball.
2. Mix 1 part indigo and 1 ½ parts kerosene or petroleum to make a smooth thin paste. This will be your blueing
mixture.
3. Spread sheet of newspaper on a flat surface. Lay the fabric on the newspapers. Be sure the warp and woof
threads of the fabric are aligned.
4. Lay the perforated pattern smooth side up on the part of the fabric where the design is to be placed. Pin the
corners of the design.
5. Dip the ball of cloth in blueing mixture. Rub the ball of cloth over the design in one stroke or direction only.
6. To check if the design had been correctly transferred, lift one corner of the pattern carefully
7. When the design has been fully transferred, remove the perforated pattern. Using a small amount of
kerosene, clear the design of unwanted imprints. Air dry your finished work.

1 2 4
3
5 6
SELF-CHECK 2.2
Direction: Arrange the following steps chronologically. Write a for the first step, b for the second and so on. Write your
answer on your answer sheet.
Hot-iron Transfer
1. Lift the iron then moves it to another area of the design.
2. Place the design on the fabric, then pin at the corners.
3. Remove excess paper around the design.
4. Set flatiron at low setting before pressing it over an area of the design for a few seconds. 5
6
Tracing Method
1. Go over the lines of the design using a tracing wheel, a pencil or any sharp or pointed instrument to trace the
design. 2. Insert the carbon paper or dressmaker’s carbon, carbon side down, between the design and fabric.
3. Place your design right side up on your fabric then pin at the corners.
Stamping
1. Dip the ball of cloth in blueing mixture. Rub the ball of cloth over the design in one stroke or direction only.
2. Form the soft absorbent cloth into ball. 3. Lay the perforated pattern smooth side up on the part of the fabric where
the design is to be placed.
4. Lift one corner of the pattern carefully to check if the design had been correctly transferred.
5. Pin the corners of the design.
6. Prepare the blueing mixture.
7. Spread sheet of newspaper on a flat surface. Lay the fabric on the newspapers. 8. When the design has been fully
transferred, remove the perforated pattern.

Information Sheet 2.3

GOOD WORKING HABITS
It is not enough that you are aware of the different embroidery stitches, tools and materials needed in
embroidery work. How to do it correctly, neatly and beautifully is also just important
To ensure cleanliness and maintain the good quality of your work, always bear in mind the following good
working habits.
1. Have clean sewing box with complete sewing tools.
2. Wash your hand before working.
3. Assemble all needed materials.
4. Clip or tie your hair while working so you can see your work clearly.
5. Use the appropriate needle for the right kind of cloth. (See “Fabric, Needle and Thread, Combination” on
next page)
 6. Put your scraps of cloth and thread in a plastic bag.
7. Use embroidery scissors in cutting thread, not your teeth.
8. An elbow length of thread is appropriate to use for easier sewing.
9. Work with your hands and not with your lips. 10. Follow the step-by-step procedure.
11. Fold correctly and keep your fabric in plastic after working each day. 12. Clean your working area before
living the room.
Fabric, Needle and Thread Combinations
Confused about which thread goes with what fabric? How about picking the right needle to match that fabric and
thread? Don't panic, we can help! Here's a nice simple chart that will make it much easier.
Fabric Type Thread Type Needle
General Purpose Top stitching Machine Handwork
Very lightweight: Batiste, Chiffon, Very fine or Very fine or 9/65 9 or 10
Organza, Voile and similar fabrics embroidery embroidery
Lightweight: Challis, Chambray, All-purpose blends All-purpose blends 11/75 8 or 9
Crepe/Crepe de Chine, Eyelet, and 100% natural and 100% natural
Gauze, Georgette, Interlock, threads including threads including silk
Jersey, Seersucker, Silk, Taffeta silk
and similar fabrics
Medium-weight: Broadcloth, All-purpose blends Topstitching, 11/75 or 14/90 7 or 8
brocade, chino, chintz, corduroy, and 100% natural buttonhole and twists
flannel, linen, pique, satin, threads including
shantung, suiting, sweatshirt, silk
swimsuit, terry, velour, velvet and
similar fabrics
Medium-to-Heavyweight: denim, Topstitching, Topstitching, 14/90 or 16/100 6
double knit, drapery, fake-fur, buttonhole, twists, buttonhole, twists,
fleece, gabardine, leather, quilted, and upholstery and upholstery
ticking, twill, upholstery and similar
fabrics
Heavyweight: canvas, ducking, Topstitching, Topstitching, 18/110 1-5
sailcloth, upholstery and similar buttonhole, twists, buttonhole, twists,
fabrics and upholstery and upholstery

SELF-CHECK 2.3
Direction: Complete the sentence by filling in the blanks with the missing information. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
1. Before working __________ your hand.
2. To see your work clearly while working __________ your hair.
3. Work with your __________ and not with your lips.
4. Before living the room __________ your working area.
5. Use the __________ needle for the right kind of cloth