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‫سيرة الرسول‬
.

.
‫صلى الله عليه وسلم‬
.

Life Of The Messenger

May Peace and Honour be Upon Him

‫ﷺ‬

Compiled by Nahima Begum

 ﷽
‘Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬The Last Prophet A Model For All Time’
by Sayyed Abul Hassan ‘Ali Nadwi (Rahimahu-llāh)
presents a comprehensive account of the life of Prophet
Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬. I have summarised this book into eight
posters to help individuals learn the key points in the
Seerah. I hope that it will be beneficial, In Shā Allāh.

Nahima Begum
Student of Rawdhatul ‘Ilm

Contents
Makkah Timeline…………………………………..1
Life in Makkah……………………………………...2
Perseverance of the Muslims……………………..3
Hijrah………………………………………………….4
Madinah Timeline…………………………………..5
Life After Hijrah…………………………….........6-8
 Makkah Timeline
Before birth:
Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬father
passed away in
Yathrib Monday 12th Rabi al-
Awwal, Year of the
Elephant:
Birth of Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬

4 years old:
Splitting of the chest
6 years old:
Death of his mother,
Aaminah, at Abwa.
8 years old:
Death of his
grandfather, Abdul
Muttalib.

14 years old:
Fijar war broke out
25 years old:
Marriage to
Khadeejah (RA),
who was 40.
35 years old:
Rebuilding of the
Ka’bah
40 years old:
First revelation
of the Qur’an
43 years old/3rd year
of Prophethood:
Open call to Islam on
Mount Safa
47 years old/7th year
of Prophethood:
Boycott against the
Banu Hashim started 50 years old/10th year
of Prophethood:
Boycott ends. Deaths
of Abu Talib and
Khadeejah (RA).
50 years old/10th year
of Prophethood:
Al-Israa wal Mi’raaj
The Night Journey
53 years old/13th year
of Prophethood:
Hijrah to Madinah
1
 Life in Makkah
2. Before Prophethood
Hajar and Ismaeel (AS) discovered Zam
1. Age of Ignorance Zam water
Judaism was a tribal religion which did Ibraheem (AS) and Ismaeel (AS) built the
not carry a message to the world. Ka’bah
The Magians were devoted to fire worship Descendant of Ismaeel (AS) is ‘Adnan. His
There were 360 idols around the Ka’bah descendant is Fihr ibn Malik. His
Corrupted morals of the Arabs: obsessed descendants are the Quraysh.
with drinking & gambling, buried baby ‘Amr ibn Luhayy was the first person to
girls alive, women could be inherited like deviate away from the religion of Ismaeel
property, raiding & highway robbery and (AS) and set up idols.
children murdered due to fear of poverty. Abrahah al-Ashram was the viceroy of
Allah chose the Arabs to receive the call Negus. He built a cathedral in San’a called
of Islam because they were simple- al-Qullays. He wanted to destroy the
hearted and had no complicated Ka’bah with an army of elephants.
ideologies.

4. Adulthood
3. Childhood At 25 years old, the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬got married
to Khadeejah bint Khuwaylid (RA), who was
Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬father: ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abdul
40 at the time.
Muttalib
At 35 years old, the Ka’bah was rebuilt.
Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬mother: Aaminah bint Wahb
AL-As ibn Wa’il refused to pay for goods of
Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬was born on Monday 12th a Zabidi man, who complained. A group of
Rabi al-Awwal, in the Year of the Elephant.
fair-minded young people wanted to bring
His full name is Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullah
justice to the man. So, the Hilf al-Fudul, the
ibn ‘Abdul Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn ‘Abd
Alliance of Excellence, was formed in the
Manaf ibn Qusayy
house of ‘Abdullah ibn Jud’an.
The Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬father passed away
before he was born
Halimah as-Sa’diyah (RA) was the foster
mother of the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬. Children were 5. After Prophethood
sent to the desert to live the healthy life
At the age of 40, the first verses of the
of the desert and learn to speak pure
Qur’an were revealed to the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬in
Arabic.
the Cave of Hira.
At 4 years old, 2 angels came and split
It was revealed through Jibreel (AS) by
open his chest. They removed a black clot
Allah and the first word was ‘Iqra’, which
and cleansed his heart.
means ‘Read.’
At 6 years old, Aaminah passed away at
The Qur’an started to come down at
Abwa. Under the care of Abdul Muttalib.
regular intervals over a period of 23
At 8 years old, Abdul Muttalib passed
years.
away and was under the care of his uncle,
THE FIRSTS TO ACCEPT ISLAM:
Abu Talib.
Man – Abu Bakr ibn Abi Quhafah (RA)
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was known as Al-Ameen, the
Woman – Khadeejah bint Khuwaylid (RA)
Trustworthy.
Child – ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (RA) (10 yrs old)
At 14 years old, the Fijar war broke out
Freed Slave – Zayd ibn Harithah (RA)
and he learned about war, horsemanship
Unfreed slave – Bilal ibn Rabah (RA)
and chivalry.
At 43 years old, Allah commanded the
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬to display his faith openly on
2 Mount Safa.
 Perseverance of the Muslims
Abu Lahab insulted the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬after the open call to Islam on Mount Safa. Whenever the
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬preached, Abu Lahab would accuse him of innovation and misguidance.

Bilal’s (RA) master, Umayyah ibn Khalaf, would leave him flat on his back in the midday heat with a
huge stone placed on his chest. Bilal (RA) would only say, “God is One!” Abu Bakr (RA) set him free.

The Banu Makhzum tortured ‘Ammar ibn Yaasir and his parents in the midday heat. The Prophet
‫ ﷺ‬would reassure them of Jannah. Sumayyah (RA) was
. the first martyr.
Uthman ibn Maz’un (RA) refused the protection of al-Waleed ibn Mughirah and suffered a black
eye from an idol worshipper. .
Would you kill a man just for saying:

‘My Lord is Allah?’

Surat Ghaafir 40:28

Once Abu Bakr (RA) invited the idol worshippers to Islam. ‘Utbah ibn Rab’iah beat him until his
face was so swollen that his cheeks could not be distinguished from his nose.

While the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was prostrating, ‘Uqbah ibn Abi Mu’ayt threw innards of a slaughtered
animal onto the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬back. Faatimah (RA) rushed to help the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.

‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) was on his way to kill the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬. He ended up becoming a Muslim
because of his sister, Faatimah bint al-Khattab and her husband.

In the 7th year of prophethood, the Quraysh started the boycott against the Banu Hashim.
They stayed in the valley of Abu Talib and had to eat leaves of trees. This lasted for 3 years.

‫عام الحزن‬
‫الإسراء والمعراج‬
‘Aam ul-Huzn - Year of Sorrow
• Boycott ended in the 10th year of
Prophethood (50 years old)
Al-Israa Wal Mi’raaj – Night of Ascension
• Abu Taalib and Khadeejah (RA) passed
away • At the age of 50, Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬travelled by
• Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬went to Ta’if to call the Thaqif night from Masjid al-Haram to Masjid al-
to Islam. However, they were rude and Aqsa. From there, he went up to the
ridiculed him. As the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬left Ta’if heavens.
the people stoned him until his feet were • Solace from Allah after all the distress
streaming with blood. • The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬witnessed the signs of
• A Christian slave called ‘Addas became a Allah and met the earlier Prophets.
Muslim when he offered grapes to the • At first 50 prayers were made obligatory
Prophet ‫ﷺ‬ for the ummah. This was reduced to 5.

‘His eyes swerved not nor swept aside. He saw one of the
greatest signs of his Lord.’
3 Surat an-Najm 53:17-18
 Hijrah 83 Muslims made 1st
Makkah Hijrah to Abyssinia,
where King Najashi
was a just ruler.

The ‘Aws and

‫َم ْر َيم‬
Khazraj groups from Ja’far ibn Abi Taalib
Madinah accepted (RA) defined Islam to
Islam and became the king and read
the Ansaar. Surah Maryam.

12 Ansaar were 75 Muslims were

present at the First present at the 2nd
pledge of Aqabah. Pledge of Aqabah.
Mus’ab ibn Umayr Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was with
(RA) became their his uncle, Al-Abbas.
teacher.

Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬migrated Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)

with Abu Bakr (RA). slept in the place of
‘Amir ibn Fuhayrah was the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬when
their guide. Stayed in Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬hijrah
Cave of Thawr. to Madinah began.

Madinah
Suraqah ibn Malik
wanted the 100 camel
reward. Horse kept
stumbling. Became a
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬milked
Muslim. Asked for a Umm Ma’bad’s weak
document as a warrant goat, which
of security. miraculously
provided milk.
4
 Madinah Timeline
Monday 12th Rabi
al-Awwal, 1 A.H.
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬arrived Friday 17th
at Madinah Ramadan, 2 A.H.
Battle of Badr
313 Muslims vs.
1000 non-Muslims
7th Shawwal, 3 A.H.
Battle of Uhud
700 vs. 3000
Shawwal, 5 A.H.
Battle of the
Ditch/Khandaq
3000 vs. 10,000
Expedition against
the Banu Qurayzah

Dhul Qa’dah, 6 A.H.

Peace treaty of
Hudaibiyyah:
1500 Muslims
Muharram, 7 A.H.
Expedition to
Khaybar

7 A.H.
Muslims perform
‘Umrat al-Qada
Jumadal
‘Oola, 8 A.H.
Expedition to
Mu’tah
20th Ramadan, 8 A.H.
Conquest of Makkah

10th Shawwal, 8 A.H.

Battle of Hunayn
12,000 Muslims

Rajab, 9 A.H.
Tabuk Expedition
30,000 Muslims
Monday 12th Rabi
al-Awwal, 11 A.H.
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬departed

‫المدييه الميورة‬
the world

5
 Life After Hijrah
= Muslim’s victory Friday 17th Ramadhan 2 A.H.
313 Muslims vs. 1000 Non-Muslims
Mus’ab ibn ‘Umayr (RA) held the banner
First martyr of Badr – Umayr ibn al-
Humam al-Ansari
Two young men killed Abu Jahl
Arrived on Monday 12th Rabi al-Awwal 1 70 non-Muslim leaders killed and 70 non-
A.H. Muslims captured
Spent 4 days at Quba and built the first Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬accepted ransom from
mosque captives or set them free
Prayed the first Jumu’ah Some earned their freedom by teaching 10
Stayed at the house of Abu Ayyub al- children of the Ansar to write
Ansari for 7 months Banu Qaynuqa – First Jews to break the
Ansar gave Muhajiroon authority over agreement – 15 day siege
their property
Bilaal (RA) gave the first Adhaan and
became 1st Muadh-dhin
‘Abdullah ibn Ubayy was the leader of the
hypocrites
Qiblah was towards Jerusalem for 16 Shawwal 3 A.H. & 700 Muslims vs. 3000
months Abdullah ibn Ubayy withdrew a third of
First expedition – Raid of Abwa the men – left with 700 Muslims
Fasting in Ramadhan made obligatory in 2 Abdullah ibn Jubayr – charge of 50
A.H. archers.
Hamzah (RA) martyred because of Wahshi
70 Muslims martyred and 22 non-Muslims
killed
‘Adal and al-Qarah killed 4 companions
Shawwal 5 A.H. & 3000 Muslims vs. 10,000 who went to teach them faith – 3 A.H.
10,000 = 4000 Quraysh + 6000 Ghatafan Banu Nadeer – 2nd Jewish tribe to break
Salman al-Farsi (RA) suggested that a agreement, Rabi al-Awwal 4 A.H.
ditch should be dug around the city for Expedition of the Rags – 4 A.H.
protection.
Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬struck a boulder 3 times and
received the keys of Syria, Persia and
Yemen.
‘Amr ibn ‘Abd Wudd was equal to a
thousand horsemen and was killed by Ali
ibn Abi Taalib (RA). Third Jewish tribe to break the agreement
Nu’aym ibn Mas’ud (RA) caused doubts Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬commanded the companions
between the Banu Qurayzah and Quraysh to not pray ‘Asr before arriving at Banu
& Ghatafan. Qurayzah.
Battle ended because Allah caused a S’ad ibn Muadh (RA) decided that the
hurricane to blow down the enemy’s Banu Qurayzah should be executed.
tents, making them leave. Thumamah ibn Uthal – chief of Banu
7 Muslims martyred & 4 non-Muslims died Hanifah. Became a Muslim and performed
‘Umrah. Stopped the grain of Yamamah
reaching Makkah. Quraysh wrote to
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬to get food ban lifted.
6
‘Surely, We have given you a clear victory.’ (Surat al-Fath 48:1)

Uthman ibn Affan (RA) informed the

Quraysh and rumour spread he had been
killed. Pledge of allegiance took place.
Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬dreamt that he entered Suhayl ibn ‘Amr wrote the agreement.
Makkah and did Tawaf around the Ka’bah. Two parties agreed to abandon war for 10
Intended to perform ‘Umrah in peace. years and Muslims will come for ‘Umrah the
Left for al-Hudaibiyyah with 1500 Muslims. following year.

Foreign kings would not accept any letter Set out for Khaybar at the end of
without a seal so Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬had a ring Muharram with 1400 men and 200 cavalry
inscribed with ‘Muhammad, Messenger of Those who lagged behind on Hudaibiyyah
Allah.’ expedition were refused permission to take
Heraclius – Byzantine emperor (Roman) part in Khaybar expedition
Chosroes Parvez – Persian emperor 20 women accompanied to care for the
Negus (Najjashi) – King of Abyssinia sick and prepare food
Muqawqis – King of Egypt Rasullulah ‫ ﷺ‬would not attack until the
Heraclius, the Negus and Muqawqis Adhaan for Fajr was not heard.
received their letters with respect Black Abyssinian slave who tended sheep
Heraclius was certain that Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬ became Muslim. Died a martyr and 2
was the Prophet of Allah but he preferred houris were by him though he never did
his kingdom to Islam. sajdah.
The Negus and Muqawqis were most Jews were allowed to stay on condition
courteous. Muqawqis sent 2 slave girls, that they gave the Muslims half of all
one being Maariah, mother of Ibraheem. crops and fruits they produce
Chosroes tore the letter. Babawayh went Zaynab bint al-harith (Jewess) tried to
to fetch Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬but by then Allah had poison Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬with shoulder of lamb
given Shirawayh power. ‘Umrat al-Qada, 7 A.H. – Muslims stayed in
Makkah for 3 days and performed ‘Umrah.

Al-Harith ibn ‘Umayr sent with a letter to Banu Bakr made an alliance with Quraysh
Shurahbil and was beheaded. and Banu Khuza’ah made an alliance with
Jumadal ‘Ula 8 A.H. the Messenger of Allah ‫ﷺ‬
3000 Muslims vs. 100,000 non-Muslims Banu Bakr attacked the Banu Khuza’ah.
Zayd ibn Harithah (RA) as their leader. If Quraysh provided Banu Bakr weapons.
Zayd fell, Ja’far ibn Abi Talib in charge. If The Quraysh broke the treaty. Abu Sufyan
he fell, Abdullah ibn Rawahah in charge. ibn Harb went to Rasulullah, then to Abu
Ja’far (RA) had 90 wounds on his chest, Bakr, ‘Umar, ‘Ali and Faatimah (RA).
shoulders and arms but none on his back. Abu Sufyan (RA) accepted Islam
Khaalid ibn Waleed (RA) (Sword of Allah) The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬secretly set out to Makkah
took over. with 10,000 men in Ramadhan 8 A.H.
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬described the battle scene to 20 Ramadhan 8 A.H. – Conquest of
his companions in Madinah. Makkah. Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬came riding on a
Ja’far (RA) lost both arms so he became camel with Usamah ibn Zayd (RA).
Ja’far at-Tayyar (The Great Flier). Uthman ibn Talha – owner of the keys to
the Ka’bah.
7
 The Hawazin were the greatest tribe and
Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬used a catapult for the first
idol worshippers after the Quraysh.
time
Hawazin leader (Malik ibn Awf) called war
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬waited for 10 days for
against the Muslims and Thaqif tribe
Hawazin to accept Islam and take their
supported him.
property back. Spoils of war were given
10 Shawwal 8 A.H.
to Mu’allafat-al-Qulub (new Muslims).
An army of 12,000 (2000 new & 10,000
Ash-Shayma’ bint Halimah as-Sa’diyah
previous Muslims)
was recognised as Muhammad’s ‫ ﷺ‬foster
Muslims boasted of their great numbers.
sister because of the scar on her back.
Some fled when the Hawazin attacked.
The Thaqif became Muslim and weren’t
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬threw dust at the enemy,
allowed to keep their idol after
blinding them. Allah sent down angels to
requesting to continue worshipping it.
help.

Dimam ibn Tha’labah came to Madinah to 30,000 Muslims in Rajab 9 A.H.

represent the Banu Sa’d ibn Bakr. He Largest ever Muslim army
became a Muslim and so did his whole Took place while the Muslims were
tribe. experiencing a drought and severe heat
9 A.H. – Allah made Zakaat obligatory Uthman ibn Affan (RA) spent 1000 dinars
upon the Muslims. on the ‘Army of Distress’.
At Tabuk, the Arab amirs (leaders) paid
Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬the jizyah tax.
Romans didn’t approach Muslim land
First ever Hajj of Rasulullah ‫ﷺ‬ Murarah ibn ar-Rabi, Hilal ibn Umayyah
Also known as Hajjat al-Wada’ (the and Ka’b ibn Malik stayed behind.
Farewell Hajj) and Hajjat al-Balagh (the So, Prophet forbade anyone to speak to
Hajj of Conveying) them, which lasted 50 days.
Accompanied by more than 100,000 This was the last battle to take place. In
Muslims total, Muslims fought 27 battles and took
Left Madinah on 25 Dhul Qa’dah and part in 60 forays and expeditions
entered Makkah on 4 Dhul Hijjah. First Hajj made obligatory in 9 A.H.
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬sacrificed 63 camels, one for Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬sent Abu Bakr (RA) as the
each year of his life. leader of 300 men in the Hajj.

‫ﷺ‬
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬became ill and he requested to Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬passed away on Monday
be nursed at Aa’ishah’s (RA) house. 12th Rabi al-Awwal, 11 A.H. at the age
Commanded Usamah ibn Zayd (RA) to lead the of 63.
last expedition (to Syria) Abu Talhah al-Ansari (RA) dug the
Rasulullah’s ‫ ﷺ‬last action was using the miswaak grave beneath the Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬bed.
and he passed away in the lap of Aa’ishah (RA).

‘This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favour
upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion.’
(Surat al-Ma’idah 5:3)
8