TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS
“RANGKUMAN DAN CONTOH”
DISUSUN OLEH
NAMA : CANDRIKA DELLA VABELIA
JURUSAN : 1 B KEPERAWATAN
DOSEN PEMBIMBING : IBU WAHYU ENI SETYOHARI, M.Pd
KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
PROGRAM STUDI DIII KEPERAWATAN/KEBIDANAN/SANITASI
POLTEKKES KEMENKES TANJUNGPINANG
TAHUN 2021
1. Video summary
1. Present tense
Simple present
The simple present tense in english is used to describe an action that is regular, true
or normal.
We used the present tense:
1. For repeated or regular action in the present time period
Ex: i take the train to the office
2. For facts
Ex: a dog has four legs
3. For habits
Ex: i get up early every day
4. For things that are always/generally true
Ex: it rains a lot in winter
Present simple with the verb “be”
We use the verb “to be” in the simple present with either a noun, adjective or
prepositional phrase:
- I am a teacher. (with a noun)
- You are smart. (with an adjective)
- He is from the united states. (with a prepositional phrase)
We can also use a short form (a contraction) with the simple present:
- I’m tired.
- They’re from argentina
Example:
1. Iam nicole. I’m american
2. He is doctor. He’s very intelligent
3. She is sick today. She’s unhappy
4. It is a luxury car. It’s bright red
5. we are friends. We’re also classmates
6. You are late for dinner. You’re hungry
7. They are delicious cookies. They’re sugary too
Verb conjungation & spelling
We form the present tense using the base form of the infinitive (without the TO). In
general, in the third person we add “s” in the third person
Subject Verb The rest of the sentence
I/You/We/They Speak / learn English at home
He/she/it Speaks / learn English at home
The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that
verb:
1. For verbs that end in –O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or –Z we add –ES in the third person
- Go – goes
- Catch – catches
2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add –IES
- Marry – marries
- Study – studies
- Play - plays
Note: for verbs that in a vowel + Y, we just add –S
Negative sentences in the simple present tense
Subject Don’t/doesn’t verb The rest of the
sentence
i/you/we/they Don’t Have/buy eat/ Cereal for
like breakfast
He/she/it Doen’t Etc.
To make a negative sentences in english we normally use dont or doesn’t with all
verbs EXCEPT to be and modal verbs (can, might, should)
Affirmative: you speak french.
Negative: you don’t speak french
You will see that we add don’t between the subject and the verb. We use
don’t when the subject is I, you, we or they.
Affirmative: he speaks german
Negative: he doesn’t speak german
When the subject is he, she or it, we add doesn’t between the subject and the
verb to make a negative sentence. Notice that the letter S at the end of the
verb in the affirmative sentence (because it is in third person) disappears in
the negative sentence
Questions in the simple present tense
Do/does Subject Verb The rest of the
sentence
Do i/ you /they/ we Have/need want A new bike?
etc.
To make a question in english we normally use do or does. It has no translation in
spanish though it is essential to show we are making a question. It is normally put at
the beginning of the question
Affirmative: you speak english.
Negative: do you speak english
You will see that we add do at the beginning of the affirative sentence to
make it a question. We use do when the subject is I, you, we or they.
Affirmative: he speaks french
Negative: does he speak french?
When the subject is he, she or it, we add does at the beginning to make the
affirmative sentence a question. Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb
in the affirmative sentence (because it is in third person) disappears in the
question. We will see that reason why bellow.
We don’t use do or does in questions that have the verb to be or modal verbs
(can, must, might, should)
2. present continuous
Also called present progressive
How do we make that present continous tense?
- The auxiliary verb (be) is conjungated in the present simple: am, are, is
- The main verb is invariable in present participle form: -ing
- For negative sentence we insert not between the auxiliary verb and the main verb
- For question sentence we exchange the subject and the auxiliary verb
How do we use the present continous tense?
Present continous for action happening now
a. For action happening exactly now
Ex: the candle is burning
b. For action happening around now
Ex: muriel is learning to drive
Present continous for the future
We can also use the present continous tense to talk about the future. If we add a
future word
We only use the present continous tense to talk about the future when we have
planned to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision and a
plan before speaking. Ex: iam taking my exam next month
3. present perfect
The present perfect s formed from the present tense of the verb have an the past participle of
a verb.
Subject Helping verb Main verb (past participle)
I/you/they/we Have Decided finished lost chosen
She/ he/ it Has gone
We used the present perfect:
- For something that started in the past and continous in the present:
Ex: they’ve been married for nearly fifty years. She has lived in liverpool all her life
- When we are talking about our experience up to the present:
Ex: t’ve seen before. I’ve played the guitar ever since i was teenager. He has written three
books and he is working on another one
We often use the adverb ever to talk about experience up to the present:
- Ex: my last birthday was the worst day i have ever had.
And we use never for the negatif form
- Ex: have you ever met george?
Yes but i’ve never met his wife
2. make up sentences
a. simple present tense
contoh 1:
(+) We have a meeting now.
(-) We don’t have a meeting now.
(+) Do we have a meeting now?
Contoh 2:
(+) Mary needs a dictionary.
(-) Mary doesn’t need a dictionary.
(?) Does Mary need a dictionary?
Contoh 3:
(+) They want to go to the party.
(-) They don’t want to go to the party.
(?) Do they want to go to the party?
Contoh 4:
(+) Toba Lake is the largest lake in Indonesia.
(-) Toba Lake is not the largest lake in Indonesia.
(?) Is Toba Lake the largest lake in Indonesia?
Contoh 5:
(+) I am tired to write my second novel.
(-) I am not tired to write my second novel.
(?) Am I tired to write my second novel?
b. present continous tense
contoh 1:
(+) I am studying in my bedroom
(-) I am not studying in my bedroom
(?) Am i studying in my bedroom?
Contoh 2:
(+) Teresa is swimming right now
(-) Teresa is not swimming right now
(?) Is Teresa swimming right now?
Contoh 3:
(+) She is writing a letter to her father
(-) She is not writing a letter to her father
(?) Is she writing a letter to her father?
Contoh 4:
(+) My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen
(-) My mother is not cooking dinner in the kitchen
(?) Is my mother cooking dinner in the kitchen?
Contoh 5:
(+) Tommy is listening to the radio at the moment
(-) Tommy is not listening to the radio at the moment
(?) Is Tommy listening to the radio at the moment?
c. present perfect
contoh 1:
(+) You have ever listened to my new song.
(-) You have never listened to his new song.
(?) Have you ever listened to my new song?
Contoh 2:
(+) Ana has just talked about me.
(-) Ana has not just talked about him.
(?) Has Ana just talked about me?
Contoh 3:
(+) You have already created a new Japanese food recipe.
(-) You have not already created a new chinese food recipe.
(?) Have you already created a new Japanese food recipe?
Contoh 4:
(+) You have met the lecturer in the last semester.
(-) You have not met the lecturer in the last week.
(?) Have you met the lecturer in the last semester?
Contoh 5:
(+) They have observed about good governance.
(-) They have not observed about economic policy.
(?) Have they observed about good governance?
