ASSERTION AND REASON

Chapter : The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

DIRECTION :
Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.
1. Assertion : Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one was ruled by an
Italian princely house.
Reason : The north was under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain.

Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.

Italy was divided into seven states of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely
hopse. The north was under Austrian Habsburgs and the southern regions were under the domination of
The Bourbon kings of Spain. Therefore assertion is true but reason is false.

2. Assertion : Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and
cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories.
Reason : They were closely bound to each other inspite of their autonomous rule.

Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.

Germany, Italy land Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their
autonomous territories. Diverse people lived within the territories. They did not share a collective identity
or a common culture. They spoke different languages belonged to different ethnic groups, were were no close
ties binding them.

3. Assertion : Giuseppe Mazzini worked with the conservatives for the monarchy.
Reason : Italy had to continue to be a patchwork of small states and kingdoms.

Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

Mazzini’s relentless opposition to monarchy and his vision of democratic republics frightened the
conservatives. Italy had to be forged into a single unified republic within a wider alliance of nations/ It
could not be a patchwork of small states and kingdoms. Thus both assertion and reason are false.
4. Assertion : Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation.
Reason : Weavers in Silesia had led a revolt against contractors who supplied raw
material and gave them orders for finished textiles but drastically reduced their
payments.

Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation: art and poetry, stories and music helped
express and shape nationalist feelings.The year 1848 was a year when rise in food prices or a year of bad harvest
led to widespread pauperism in town and country. Earlier in 1845, a large crowd of weavers emerged from their
homes and marched in pairs up to the mansion of their contractor demanding higher wages and led a revolt.

Therefore, both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

5. Assertion : From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various
measures and practices like the idea of la patrie and le citoyen.
Reason : This was done to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French
people.

Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

The French Revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation
and shape its destiny. From the very beginning, the French Revolutionaries introduced various measures
and practices that would create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. The centralised
administrative system was one of the measures taken for making uniform laws for all citizens within its
territory.
6. Assertion : The Scottish Highlanders were forbidden to speak their Gaelic language or
wear their national dress, and large numbers were forcibly driven out of their
homeland.
Reason : The English helped the Protestants of Ireland to establish their dominance over
a largely Catholic country.

Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

This situation refers to the unification of Britain, Assertion refers to Scotland and how they suffered
because of the long-drawn-out process. Their culture and political institutions were systematically
suppressed. However, the reason refers to how the Irishmen suffered in the hands of Englishmen as it was
a country deeply divided between the Catholics and Protestants. It was largely a Catholic country but the
Protestants got support from the English to suppress the Catholic revolts. It does not explain the assertion.
 ASSERTION AND REASON
Chapter : The Nationalism in India

DIRECTION :
Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.
1.Assertion : In 1917, Gandhiji organised a satyagraha to support the peasants of the
Kheda district of Gujarat.
Reason : The peasants were affected by crop failure and plague epidemic. They could not
pay the revenue and were demanding that revenue collection be relaxed.
Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion. *
The peasants wanted that their revenue collection be relaxed because they were at a
complete loss because of the epidemic. Gandhiji came forward and organized a
Satyagraha to provide them with a platform to raise their voice.
2. Assertion : The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras.
Reason : In many places, merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or
finance foreign trade.
Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras, where Justice
Party, the party of the non-Brahmins, felt that entering the council was one way of
gaining some power, something that usually only Brahmins had access to.Therefore, both
assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion : The Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slowed down for a variety of
reasons in the cities.
Reason : As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes
and wearing only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
Khadi cloth was often more expensive than mass-produced mill cloth and poor people
could not afford to buy it. Non-cooperation Movement was gradually turning violent,
some leaders were by now, very tired of mass struggle, that is now it lost
momentum.Therefore, both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the
correct explanation of assertion.
4. Assertion : In Awadh, the peasants were led by Alluri Sitaram Raju.
Reason : The movement here was against Oudh Kisan Sabha.
Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.In Awadh, the peasants were led by Baba
Ramchandra, a sanyasi who had earlier been to Fiji as indentured labourer. The
movement here was against talukdars and landlords who demanded from peasants
exorbitantly high rents and a variety of other cesses.Thus, both the assertion and the
reason are wrong.
5. Assertion : When Simon Commission arrived in India, it was greeted with the slogan ‘Go
back Simon’.
Reason : This happened as Mahatma Gandhi was on Dandi March during that time.
Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
The Simon Commission was greeted with the slogan ‘Go back Simon’ because it did not
have a single Indian member. They were all British but had come to look into the
functioning of the constitutional system in India and suggest changes. Gandhiji went on
Dandi March on 11 March 1930. The reason thus does not explain the assertion.