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Hodgins Clinical

The document discusses signs and symptoms of Hodgkin's disease including painless swelling of lymph nodes, fever, night sweats and weight loss. It also mentions test results used to diagnose Hodgkin's disease such as lymph node biopsy, bone marrow biopsy, CT scans and blood tests.

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24 views1 page

Hodgins Clinical

The document discusses signs and symptoms of Hodgkin's disease including painless swelling of lymph nodes, fever, night sweats and weight loss. It also mentions test results used to diagnose Hodgkin's disease such as lymph node biopsy, bone marrow biopsy, CT scans and blood tests.

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CLINICAL FINDINGS

People with Hodgkin’s disease can de- velop signs and symptoms of whole- body involvement, including:
● painlessswellingofthelymph nodes, usually beginning in the neck and progressing to the axillary, in- guinal, mediastinal, and
mesenteric re- gions; enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tis- sues resulting from proliferation of
lymphocytes, histiocytes, and rarely eosinophils

● Painless swelling of the face and neck due to enlargement of lymph nodes
● Nerve pain from pressure of the nodes on nerve endings

● Increased susceptibility to infection due to defective immune function

432 CA N C E R
● Intermittentfeverthatcanlastfor several days or weeks, night sweats, fatigue, weight loss and malaise relat- ed to a
hypermetabolic state of cellu- lar proliferation and defective immune function

● Backandneckpainwithhyper- reflexia related to epidural infiltration ● Extremity pain, nerve irritation, or absence of pulse due
to obstruction or pressure of tumor in surrounding lymph nodes
● Pericardialfrictionrub,pericardial effusion, and jugular vein engorge- ment secondary to direct invasion from mediastinal
lymph nodes

TEST RESULTS

These tests may be used to rule out other disorders that enlarge the lymph nodes:
● Lymphnodebiopsyconfirmsthe presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, ab- normal histiocyte (macrophage) prolif- eration, and
nodular fibrosis and necrosis. It’s also used to determine the extent of lymph node involve- ment.

● Bonemarrow,liver,mediastinal, and spleen biopsy reveal the extent of lymph node involvement.
● ChestX-ray,abdominalcomputed tomography scan, lung and bone scans, lymphangiography, and la- paroscopy show the
extent and stage of the disease.
● Hematologictestsmayshowmild to severe normocytic anemia, nor- mochromic anemia (in 50% of pa- tients), and elevated,
normal, or re- duced white blood cell count and differential with neutrophilia, lympho- cytopenia, monocytosis, or eosin- ophilia
(in any combination). Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels in- dicate liver or bone involvement.

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