2

Verbal Analogy
INTRODUCTION
Analogy means similarity in certain respects between different objects. These types of questions ask
you to determine the relationship between the members of different pairs of words. You are given
a pair of words usually in capital letters and four or five answer choice pairs whose words are
related in the same way. The relationship between the words in the original pair will always be
specific and precise as will the relationship between the words in the correct or best answer pair.
In answering an analogy question, you must determine the exact relationship between the two
capitalised words. Before you look at the answer choices, you must see how these capitalised words
are related to each other. Then test the possible answers by seeing how well they fit in. Once you
have analysed analogy questions you will find that they fall into certain patterns. You should be
able to answer them reasonably rapidly. Take a look at an example:
PSYCHOLOGIST: MIND
(A) Botanist: Mango (B) Orthopaedic: Bone
(C) Heart: Cardiologist (D) Oculist: Nerve
A ‘Psychologist’ deals with ‘mind’, similarly an orthopaedist deals with bones. In alternative ‘C’
we also find the same relationship, a cardiologist deals with heart, but here the sequence of the
words are different from the original capitalised words, i.e. here the person comes second and
object comes first. But in original words the person comes first and the object in the second. So, ‘B’
is the best answer choice here. Among other answer choices, i.e., in ‘A’ and ‘D’, we don’t find any
such relationship. One more thing you will have to look out, i.e., the parts of speech of the capital-
ised words. In analogy questions, relationship between the parts of speech of the capitalised words
and parts of speech of the answer choices is identical, i.e., if the capitalised words are noun and
verb, the answer pair will also be a noun and a verb.
Analogies tend to fall into certain basic types. Several possible types of relationships have been
identified and covered in this chapter. There is no need to remember the names of these types. If
you can discover no apparent relationship between the two capitalised words, try establishing a
relationship between them based on the types used below.
TYPE 1
Directions for Questions:
In each question below one pair of capital letters is followed by other four pairs of words (marked
10 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

A, B, C and D). The pair of words in capitals are related to each other in some way. Choose from the
other four pairs of words, the pair which best expresses the same relationship as the words in
capitals.
Example : 1 (Antonym relationship)
POOR: RICH
(A) Miser: Beggar (B) Wealth: Money (C) Cat: Mouse (D) Dead: Living
Explanation and Answer:
Here the first step is to find out the relationship between the capital letters in the question, i.e.
POOR: RICH.
They are quite opposite in meaning. Among the answer choices the pairs that has the same rela-
tionship, i.e. opposite in meaning we find the answer is (D) Dead: Living. ‘Dead’ is quite opposite
of ‘living’. Hence, it is the answer choice.
A. ANTONYM RELATIONSHIP
1. Nervous : Poise 3. ORDER : ANARCHY
(A) NERVE : NERVOUS (A) Iniquitous : Virtue
(B) Advocate : Oppose (B) Renounce : Abjure
(C) Affable : Useless (C) Ablution : Survival
(D) Humiliate : Abase (D) Courtesy : Despair
2. ADULATION : CRTITICISM 4. AGILITY : AWKWARDNESS
(A) Consent : Accede (A) Deviation : Aberration
(B) Abortive : Uusuccessful (B) Recidivist : Backslider
(C) Steal : Amble (C) Abstinent : Gorge
(D) Wax : Wane (D) Profound : Suspended
Explanations and Answers:
1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (A) 4. (C)
In all the above cases the relationship among the words in questions are opposite in meaning. Both
words belong to the same part of speech. So, in example 1, only ‘B’ has the same relationship i.e.,
Advocate is opposite of ‘oppose’. Similarly in 2, wax is the opposite of wane, in 3, iniquitous is
opposite of ‘virtue’ and in 4, Abstinent is the opposite of ‘Gorge’.
Example : 2 (Gender relationship)
BOY: GIRL
(A) Mother: Father (B) Hen: Cock (C) Cow: Bull (D) Horse: Mare
Explanation and Answer:
Here, the relationship is of gender or sex. Though we find that all the pairs are of same relationship
with each other, the correct or best answer is (D) Horse: Mare, because the sequence of items (D) i.e.
male comes first as in question pair i.e., BOY, followed by females. While in all the other alterna-
tives the females comes first.
B. GENDER RELATIONSHIP
1. HORSE : MARE 3. MAN : WOMAN
(A) Lion : Cub (A) Lady : Lad
(B) Mare : Stallion (B) Swan : Cygnet
(C) Husband : Wife (C) Other : Ostrich
(D) Father : Daughter (D) Bachelor : Spinster
Verbal Analogy 11

2. DOE : STAG 4. GANDER : GOOSE

(A) Bull : Cow (A) Gamin : Gamine
(B) Vixen : Fox (B) Girl : Boy
(C) Drake : Duck (C) OX : Bull
(D) Hen : Crow (D) Hen : Chicken
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (A)
Here the relationship among the words in questions are gender or sex. Though we find, in most
of the alternative answers the same relationship but there is only one best possible answer in each
question. As in question 1 the best possible answer is ‘C’, i.e. Husband : Wife; and not ‘B’ or ‘D’,
because for ‘B’ the sequence is different and for ‘D’ Daughter is not exactly the opposite of Father.
Similarly in 2, ‘B’ is the best answer and neither ‘A’ OR ‘C’ due to different sequence. For questions
3 and 4 the correct or best answers are ‘D’ and ‘A’ respectively.
Example : 3 (Synonym relationship)
AGGREGATE : SUM
(A) Deciduous : Evergreen (B) Nepotism : Maturing
(C) Inoculate : Infect (D) Dearth : Abundance
Explanation and Answer:
Here, the Aggregate and Sum are similar in meaning (Synonym). The same relationship is found
only in the alternative (C), i.e. Infect is the synonym of Inoculate. Hence, (C) is the correct answer.
Others are antonyms.
C. SYNONYM RELATIONSHIP
1. MAGNIFICENT : GRANDIOSE 3. INGENUOUS : NAIVE
(A) Praising : Derogatory (A) Insipid : Wily
(B) Lessen : Dwindle (B) Clever : Cautious
(C) Reconcile : Alienate (C) Zealot : Fanatic
(D) Devoid : Suspecting (D) Winsome : Pained
2. THINK : RATIOCINATE 4. VERBOSE : WORDINESS
(A) Voracious : Ravenous (A) Carnal : Spiritual
(B) Dilate : Divert (B) Surrender : Flee
(C) Fiery : Acquiver (C) Celibate : Married
(D) Silence : Din (D) Baneful : Poisonous
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) Grandiose means magnificent and Dwindle means lessen.
2. (A) To Rationale is to think, similarly voracious is to Ravenous.
3. (C) Ingenuous is the synonym of Naive as Zealot is the Fanatic.
4. (D) Verbose and wordiness are similar in meaning as Baneful and Poisonous.
Example : 4 (Grammatical relationship)
FLOWER: BEAUTIFUL
(A) Enemy: Bad (B) Rose: Flower (C) Sweet: Smell (D) Tall: Man
Explanation and Answer
There is a grammatical relationship between the question pairs, e.g., ‘Flower’ is noun and ‘Beauti-
ful’ is adjective qualifying the noun ‘Flower’. Among the alternatives, except (B) all the other three
12 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

have the same relationship. But the best answer choice is (A) i.e., Enemy (noun) and Bad (adjec-
tive), because for (C) & (D) though relationships are correct, sequences do not match with the
question pair.
D. GRAMMATICAL RELATIONSHIP
1. PAINT : PAINTER 2. NICETY : NICELY
(A) Pen : Writer (A) Muffle : Muffler
(B) Artist : Brush (B) Mourner : Mournfully
(C) Write : Writer (C) Mountain : Mountaineer
(D) Cooker : Cook (D) Move : Mover
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Paint is the transitive verve and painter is noun, similarly write is the transitive verb and
writer is noun.
2. (B) Here ‘Nicety’ is noun whereas ‘Nicely’ is adverb the only alternative with same relation-
ship is Mourner : Mournfully.
Example : 5 (Creator-createe relationship)
CARPENTER : FURNITURE
(A) Typist : Type (B) Computer : Programme
(C) Poem : Poet (D) Cook : Cutlet
Explanation and Answer:
Here carpenter creates or prepare a Furniture, similarly a cook prepares a cutlet. So (D) is the best
answer choice. In the choice of (C) though relationship is correct but the sequence does not match
the question pair.
E. CREATOR-CREATEE RELATIONSHIP
1. POET : SONNET (C) Poem : Poet
(A) Building : Architect (D) Book : Author
(B) Editor : Newspaper 3. AUTHOR : BOOK
(C) Prose : Verse (A) Surgeon : Forceps
(D) Composer : Song (B) Ring : Goldsmith
2. MASON : WALL (C) Barber : Hair
(A) Sculptor : Statue (D) Architect : Blueprint
(B) Chair : Carpenter
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D) A poet creates sonnet similarly a composer creates song.
2. (A) A mason builds a wall, a sculptor creates a statue. In other alternatives though same
relationships are there the sequences are different.
3. (D) An author creates a book, an architect designs a blueprint. In ‘B’ though same relation-
ship is there, but the sequence is different.
Example : 6 (Worker-tool relationship)
BLACKSMITH : HAMMER
(A) Pen : Writer (B) Cloth : Tailor (C) Surgeon : Forceps (D) Carpenter : Wood
Explanation and Answer:
Here, Blacksmith uses Hammer (tool), similarly ‘Surgeon’ uses Forceps (tool). So (C) is the best
Verbal Analogy 13

answer choice. Though (A) has the same relationship it can be eliminated due to sequence. Simi-
larly (B) and (D) should be eliminated as ‘Cloth’ and ‘Wood’ are not tools.
F. WORKER-TOOL RELATIONSHIP
1. PAINTER : BRUSH 3. HUNTER : GUN
(A) Artist : Picture (A) Carpenter : Vise
(B) Meat : Cook (B) Wall : Mason
(C) Doctor : Stethoscope (C) Runner : Sneakers
(D) Paper : Student (D) Pen : Writer
2. SICKLE : REAPER 4. TAILOR : SEWING MACHINE
(A) Newspaper : Editor (A) Cobbler : Shoe
(B) Saw : Carpenter (B) Forcep : Surgeon
(C) Boy : Ball (C) Writer : Pen
(D) Driver : Engine (D) Book : Pupil
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) As painter uses brush, Doctor uses stethoscope; here ‘D’ may also have the same rela-
tionship but the sequence is different.
2. (B) A reaper uses sickle to cut his grain, similarly a carpenter uses a saw for his work.
3. (A) A hunter uses gun for hunting similarly a carpenter uses a vise to hold the object being
worked on.
4. (C) Here tool of the Tailor is sewing machine and tool of the Writer is pen. Though in ‘B’ and
‘D’ we find same relationship but the sequences are different.
Example : 7 (Cause and effect relationship)
STIMULUS : INCITEMENT
(A) Infiltrate : Call (B) Repercussion : Inhibition
(C) Caustic : Invigorate (D) Irritant : Annoyance
Explanation and Answer:
Here, (D) is the best answer. As, ‘Stimulus’ causes ‘incitement', similarly ‘irritant’ causes ‘annoy-
ance’. In (A), (B) and (C) no such relationship is found.
G. CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP
1. FIRE : DESTRUCTION 3. SOPORIFIC : SLEEPINESS
(A) Dog : Bark (A) Hunger : Fast
(B) Rain : Cloud (B) Disease : Death
(C) Laugh : Joke (C) Car : Wheel
(D) Rain : Flood (D) Refine : Style
2. VIRUS : AIDS 4. STIMULUS : INCITEMENT
(A) Malaria : Mosquito (A) Insult : Humiliate
(B) Diabetes : Sugar (B) Injury : Accident
(C) Exercise : Fatigue (C) Fear : Ghost
(D) Leg : Run (D) Hot : Sun
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D) Fire causes destruction and Rain causes flood. In ‘C’ the sequence is different.
2. (C) Virus causes Aids and exercise causes fatigue. Though ‘A’ and ‘B’ have the same rela-
tionships their sequences are different.
3. (B) A soporific causes sleepiness and effect of disease may be death.
14 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

4. (A) A stimulus causes incitement and insult results in humiliation.

Example : 8 (Tool and object relationship)
PEN : PAPER
(A) Pencil : Eraser (B) Saw : Wood (C) Pen : Ink (D) Nail : Iron
Explanation and Answer:
Here ‘Pen’ is used to write on the ‘Paper’. So ‘Pen’ is the tool and ‘Paper’ is the object. Among the
alternatives only (B) we find such relationship, i.e., ‘Saw’ is used to cut the ‘Wood’ (Object). Hence
(B) is the correct answer.
H. TOOL AND OBJECT RELATIONSHIP
1. HARROW : SOIL 3. NEEDLE : CLOTH
(A) Knife : Scissors (A) Cloth : Scissor
(B) Coal : Fire (B) Ink : Pen
(C) Hammer : Nail (C) Polish : Wood
(D) Paper : Book (D) Saw : Wood
2. KNIFE : FRUITS 4. RAZOR : HAIR
(A) Flower : Garden (A) Screw-driver : Screw
(B) Eraser : Paper (B) Lawn : Grass
(C) Lamp : Light (C) Cup : Plate
(D) Letter : Type (D) Statue : Marble
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Here ‘Harrow’ is the tool and ‘Soil’ is the object on which it is used, similarly, ‘hammer’
is used on the nail.
2. (B) Fruits are cut by knife and paper is erased by ‘Eraser’.
3. (D) Needle is used for sewing the cloth and ‘saw’ is used for cutting the ‘wood’.
4. (A) Razor is used for shaving the hair, screw-driver is used for tighten the screw.
Example : 9 (Difference of degree or intensity relationship)
ADMIRATION : OBSESSION
(A) Basic : Fundamental (B) Usually : Often (C) Quarrel : War (D) Decay : Rot
Explanation and Answer:
Here the meaning is same but different in degree only. As, ‘Obsession’ is the extreme point of
‘admiration’, similarly, ‘War’ is the extreme point of ‘Quarrel’. Hence (C) is the best answer choice.
Though in (B) the same relationship is found but its sequence is different.
I. DIFFERENCE OF DEGREE OR INTENSITY RELATIONSHIP
1. FOND : DOTING 3. GRASPING : RAPACIOUS
(A) Lady : Calm (A) Hold : Comprehend
(B) Refuse : Deny (B) Police : Thief
(C) Pet : Love (C) Book : Knowledge
(D) Bushel : Peck (D) Stir : Beat
2. FLURRY : BLIZZARD 4. QUARREL : WAR
(A) Hail : Storm (A) Speckle : Spots
(B) Snow : Rain (B) Pubescent : Mature
Verbal Analogy 15

(C) Gale : Tempest (C) Axe : Mallet

(D) Storm : Wind (D) Fry : Bake
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) ‘Fond’ is less extreme than ‘Doting’ and ‘Deny’ is the extreme form of ‘Refuse’.
2. (C) A flurry of snow is less extreme than ‘Blizzard’ and ‘Tempest’ is the extreme form of
‘gale’. Here ‘D’ has got the same relationship but the sequence is different.
3. (D) To be ‘grasping’ is less extreme than to be rapacious and to ‘beat’ is more extreme than
to ‘stir’.
4. (A) ‘War’ is the extreme form of quarrel and ‘spots’ are extreme form of ‘speckle’.
Example : 10 (Whole part or part-whole relationship)
MOTOR : COIL
(A) Wheels : Bearings (B) Table : Chair (C) Regiment : Soldier (D) Wheel : Car
Explanation and Answer:
Here the ‘Coil’ is the part of a ‘Motor’ (Whole). Similar relation exists in both (C) and (D), but since
the sequence of (D) is different from the question, (C) is the best choice, where ‘Soldier’ is the part
of a ‘Regiment’ (Whole).
J. WHOLE PART OR PART-WHOLE OR PART-PART RELATIONSHIP
1. ISLAND : ARCHIPELAGO 3. POEM : CANTO
(A) Car : Wheel (A) Writer : Poet
(B) Book : Paper (B) Poem : Sonnet
(C) Bombers : Squadron (C) Empire : Kingdom
(D) Head : Leg (D) Rupee : Paisa
2. SHARD : POTTERY 4. EYE : NOSE
(A) Pig : Litter (A) Smell : Vision
(B) Chair : Wood (B) Leg : Ear
(C) Iron : Rod (C) Head : Body
(D) Necklace : Bead (D) Hand : Gloves
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Archipelago is a group of Islands and Squadron is a group of ‘bombers’. This is a part-
whole relationship.
2. (A) This is also a part-whole relationship. Shard is a fragment of Pottery, and litter is a
collection of pigs. There is same relationship in ‘D’ also but the sequence is different.
3. (D) This is a whole part relationship. A ‘canto’ is part of a Poem and Paisa is part of a Rupee.
4. (B) It is Part-part relationship. Eye and Nose both are parts of a body and leg and ear are also
parts of a body.
Example : 11 (Functional relationship)
SPEAKER : LEGISLATIONS
(A) Judge : Hearings (B) Assembly : Member
(C) Jury : Court (D) Lawyer : Evidence
Explanation and Answer:
Here the function of the ‘Speaker’ is to ‘legislate’ similarly the function of the ‘Judge’ is to give
judgement on the basis of ‘hearings’. Hence (A) is the best choice.
CALENDAR : DATE
16 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

(A) Temperature : Thermometer (B) Clock : Time

(C) Pen : Ink (D) Machine : Mechanic
Explanation and Answer:
Here the association is functional, as ‘Calendar’ shows ‘dates’, similarly ‘clock’ shows ‘time’. So, (B)
is the best answer choice here. Though in (A) ‘thermometer’ shows ‘temperature’ is also functional
relationship, but the sequence is different. But in both (C) and (D), there are associations but not
functional.
K. FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP
1. SPRING : RESILIENCY 5. PEN : WRITE
(A) Asylum : Refuge (A) Pen : Pencil
(B) Jury : Court (B) Axe : Grind
(C) Doctor : Patient (C) Ink : Paper
(D) Police : Crime (D) Cut : Knife
2. SCISSORS : CUT 6. ASYLUM : REFUGE
(A) Surgeon : Forcep (A) Doctor : Disease
(B) Fuel : Smoke (B) School : Teacher
(C) Ballast : Stability (C) Hospital : Treatment
(D) Judge : Court (D) Cow : Milk
3. FIRE : BURN 7. LULL : STORM
(A) Earthquake : Volcano (A) Brake : Engine
(B) Cloud : Rain (B) Sun : Rain
(C) Disease : Doctor (C) Cloud : Wind
(D) Float : Air (D) Car : Wheel
4. SPEAKER : LEGISLATIONS 8. COURT : JUSTICE
(A) M.L.A. : M.P. (A) Judge : Law
(B) Court : Judge (B) Advocate : Brief
(C) Municipal : Mayor (C) Hospital : Doctor
(D) Judge : Adjudicate (D) School : Education

Answers and Explanations:

1. (A) Spring provides resiliency to a car, similarly asylum provides refuge or protection.
2. (C) Function of the scissor is to cut and function of ballast is to give stability to a ship.
3. (B) Fire causes burn and cloud causes rain. Though there are functional relationships in the
alternative answers of (A) and (C) but the sequences are different.
4. (D) Function of a speaker is to legislate and function of a judge is to participate in court
hearings.
5. (B) A pen is used for writing and an axe is used for grinding. In ‘D’ the sequence is different.
6. (C) An asylum provides refuge or protection similarly a hospital provides treatment.
7. (A) A lull interrupts a storm and a brake interrupts an engine.
8. (D) A court is meant for justice and a school is meant for education.
Example : 12 (Classification relationship)
DOG : MAMMAL
(A) Cat : Fish (B) Rose : Flower (C) Beef : Mutton (D) Mushroom : Fungies
Explanation and Answer:
Here ‘Dog’ is classified under Phylum ‘Mammalia’ similarly ‘Mushroom’ is classified under sub-
Verbal Analogy 17

phylum ‘Fungi’. Hence (D) is the best choice. Since ‘Flower’ is the vegetative parts of a plant and
not categorised as Phylum or sub-phylum, (B) cannot be a possible answer.
L. CLASSIFICATION RELATIONSHIP
1. AMPHIBIA : SALAMANDER 3. METAPHYSICS : PHILOSOPHY
(A) Physics : Metaphysics (A) Sound : Physics
(B) Reptiles : Crocodile (B) Medicine : Anatomy
(C) Frog : Toad (C) Aves : Bird
(D) House : Room (D) Biology : Botany
2. Sonnet : Poem 4. HERBS : GRASS
(A) Poet : Poetry (A) Shrubs : Trees
(B) Book : Page (B) Chilli : Cloves
(C) Shakespeare : Rabindranath (C) Arthropoda : Prawn
(D) Classical : Music (D) Mammal : Seahorse
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) Salamander belongs to Amphibian family and crocodile belongs to Reptiles family.
2. (D) A sonnet is a specific kind of poem and classical is a specific type of music.
3. (A) Metaphysics belongs to the field of philosophy and sound belongs to the field of Physics.
In all the other cases though there are same relations but their sequences are different.
4. (C) Grass is classified as herbs and prawn is classified as Arthropods.
Example : 13 (Sequential relationship)
SUMMER : AUTUMN
(A) Winter : Spring (B) A : D (C) 1 : 3 (D) Monday : Friday
Explanation and Answer:
In a season ‘Summer’ comes first and ‘Autumn’ third, So (C) is the best choice.
M. SEQUENTIAL RELATIONSHIPS
1. PROLOGUE : EPILOGUE 3. MAY : JULY
(A) Autumn : Winter (A) 8 : 10
(B) 2 : 5 (B) March : June
(C) Morning : Day (C) 6 PM : 9 PM
(D) Dawn : Twilight (D) October : January
2. 18 : 17 4. 12 PM : 1 AM
(A) 15 : 16 (A) April : May
(B) L : K (B) 9 AM : 10 AM
(C) 25 : 23 (C) 12 AM : 1 PM
(D) A : B (D) December : January
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D) Prologue comes at the beginning of a book and epilogue at its end; similarly, a day starts
with dawn and ends with twilight.
2. (B) 18 and 17 both consecutive numbers and 18 comes next to 17; similarly L comes next to
K, so ‘B’ is the correct answer and neither ‘A’ nor ‘D’.
3. (A) After ‘May’ one month ‘June’ has been skipped, similarly after 8, number 9 has been
skipped.
4. (D) 12 PM is the end of a day and 1 AM is the beginning of the next day, similarly December
is the end of an year and January is the beginning of the next year.
18 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

Example : 14 (Association relationship)

TEMPERATURE : THERMOMETER
(A) Weight : Balance (B) Gas : Barometer (C) Hot : Cold (D) Litre : Oil
Explanation and Answer:
Here ‘temperature’ is measured by (associated) the ‘thermometer’, similarly the ‘weight’ is measured
by the ‘balance’. Hence (A) is the best answer choice. Though in (B), (C) and (D) there are associations
but not similar to that in question.
N. ASSOCIATION RELATIONSHIPS
1. PSYCHOLOGY : MIND 3. COW : MILK
(A) Physiology : Health (A) Goat : Meat
(B) Cranium : Phrenology (B) Meat : Tiger
(C) Orology : Mountains (C) Milk : Water
(D) Philosophy : Human (D) Bird : Chicken
2. STETHOSCOPE : DOCTOR 4. BUCOLIC : CATTLE
(A) Teacher : School (A) Poet : Poem
(B) Sickle : Farmer (B) Cow : Goat
(C) Watch : Clock (C) Chair : Table
(D) Book : Pen (D) Ferric : Iron
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Psychology is the science of mind similarly orology is the science of mountains.
2. (B) Stethoscope is associated with doctor and sickle is associated with farmer.
3. (A) Milk is associated with cow as meat is associated with goat.
4. (D) Bucolic is about cattle and ferric is about iron.
Example : 15 (Characteristic relationship)
TIMIDITY : LAMB
(A) Coward : Intrepid (B) Passivity : Activist (C) Ferocity : Hyena (D) Wisdom : Owl
Explanation and Answer:
It is an example of proper characterisation. ‘Timidity’ is the typical characteristic of the ‘Lamb’.
Similarly, ferocity is the typical characteristic of Hyena. Hence (C) is the best answer. (A), (B) and
(D) are the examples of opposite characterisation.
O. CHARACTERISTIC RELATIONSHIPS
1. POLITICIAN : SHREWD 3. VENALITY : PROBITY
(A) Idealist : Cynical (A) Starveling : Weak
(B) Physician : Altruist (B) Passivity : Dog
(C) Farmer : Farm (C) Rancour : Surliness
(D) Cat : Feline (D) Indolence : Beaver
2. ACROBAT : INTREPID 4. PASSIVITY : ACTIVIST
(A) Charlatan : Guileful (A) Complicity : Culprit
(B) Flower : Colour (B) Repose : Synergist
(C) Gymnast : Gymkhana (C) Intrepid : Coward
(D) Idealist :Cynical (D) Fortitude : Patience
Verbal Analogy 19

Answers and Explanations:

1. (B) As a politician is supposed to be shrewd, similarly a physician is expected to be
altruistic.
2. (A) Intrepid is the characteristic of an acrobat, similarly guileful is the characteristic of
charlatan.
3. (D) As venality is not the characteristic of probity and indolence is usually not the
characteristic of the beaver.
4. (C) As an active person cannot be passive similarly a coward cannot be expected to be
intrepid.
Example : 16 (Symbolic relationship)
RED : STOP
(A) Clear : Green (B) Red : Rose (C) Black : Sorrow (D) Cross: Church
Explanation and Answer
‘Red’ light/flag signifies a danger signal to the traffic promotes to ‘stop’, similarly ‘Black’ colour
symbolises ‘Sorrow’. So, (C) is the best choice. Though in (A) we find the similar symbolic relation-
ship between ‘Clear’ and ‘Green’, it should be discarded due to sequence.
P. SYMBOLIC RELATIONSHIPS
1. DOVE : PEACE 3. KNOWLEDGE : DEGREE
(A) Party : Symbol (a) Star : China
(B) Help : Cross (B) Red flag : Communist
(C) Love : Rose (C) Authority : Mace
(D) Cross: Christianity (D) Professor : Doctor
2. FLAG : NATION 4. HOSPITAL : REDCROSS
(A) Crown : Monarchy (A) Crown : Gold
(B) Alert : Red (B) Rank : Stars
(C) Stars : Fortune (C) Swastika : Nazism
(D) Black : Funeral (D) State : Kingdom
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D) A dove is the symbol of peace and a cross is the symbol of christianity.
2. (A) A flag symbolises a Nation and the crown signifies the authority of the monarchy.
3. (C) Knowledge of a person is judged by the degree he obtained and a mace signifies the
authority of majesty.
4. (B) A redcross symbol symbolises a hospital and stars in the army signify rank. Here ‘C’ also
possesses the same relationship but the sequence is different.

Example : 17 (Place relationship)

NEW YORK : ALBANY
(A) Tajmahal : Agra (B) Punjab : Chandigarh (C) Europe : London (D) Delhi : Kutub Minar
Explanation and Answer
Here the best answer is (D), as ‘Albany’ is in ‘New York’, ‘Kutub Minar’ is in ‘Delhi’. In (A) the
relationship is correct but sequence is not matching the question pair. (B) and (C) cannot be the
possible answer as their relationships are between places and unlike the question pair where rela-
tionship is between ‘place’ and ‘object’.
20 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

Q. PLACE RELATIONSHIPS
1. ABADAN : PERSIA 2. TAJMAHAL : AGRA
(A) Ava : Burma (A) Havana : Cuba
(B) Big Ben : London (B) Empire State building : USA
(C) Digboi : India (C) New Delhi : Jantarmantar
(D) New York : USA (D) Pyramid : Egypt
3. KONARK : ORISSA 4. BOLIVIA : LA PAZ
(A) Kanyakumari : Tamil Nadu (A) Norway : Oslo
(B) Khajuraho : M.P. (B) India : Kolkata
(C) Ellora : Aurangabad (C) Germany : Munich
(D) Golden Temple : Amritsar (D) Ladak : Leh
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Famous oil fields of Persia are in Abadan, similarly Digboi is famous for rich oil fields
in India.
2. (D) Both Tajmahal and Pyramids are among the seven wonders of the world.
3. (B) Konark is a small town of Orissa famous for ruined temples, similarly Khajuraho is also
a small town in Madhya Pradesh famous for ruined temples. Though ‘A’, ‘C’ and ‘D’
seem to be possible answers, but they are different as Kanyakumari and Golden Temple
are not ruined temples and for ‘C’ Aurangabad is a city and not a state like Orissa or M.P.
4. (A) La Paz is the capital city of Bolivia as oslo is for Norway.
Example : 18 (Material and product relationship)
GRAPES : WINE
(A) Chocolate : Coffee (B) Butter : Milk (C) Palm : Cake (D) Cotton : Thread
Explanation and Answer
‘Wine’ is made from ‘Grapes’, similarly ‘Thread’ is made from ‘Cotton’. So (D) is the correct answer.
Though in (B) ‘butter’ is made from ‘milk’, but the sequence is not matching the question pair.
R. MATERIAL AND PRODUCT RELATIONSHIP
1. SUGARCANE : JAGGERY 3. CURD : MILK
(A) Bread : Cake (A) Tea : Coffee
(B) Sugar : Honey (B) Pot : Cup
(C) Flour : Bread (C) Milk : Sandesh
(D) Lemon : Taste (D) Ketchup : Tomato
2. PULP : PAPER 4. CINCHONA : QUININE
(A) Cotton : Thread (A) Cloth : Coal
(B) Butter : Milk (B) Cocoon : Silk
(C) Jelly : Mango (C) Fry : Fish
(D) Pencil : Wood (D) Cake : Fruit
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Jaggery is made from sugarcane and bread is made from flour.
2. (A) Paper is prepared from pulp and thread is made from cotton. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ have the
same relationship but the sequences are different.
3. (D) Curd is a product of milk and ketchup is the product of tomatos.
4. (B) Quinine is obtained from cinchona tree silk is obtained from cocoon.
Verbal Analogy 21

Example : 19 (Miscellaneous relationships)

(i) DESIGN : ARCHITECT
(A) Book : Librarian (B) Sermon : Clergyman
(C) Doctor : Medicine (D) Court : Judge
(ii) OIL : LUBRICATION
(A) Wash : Water (B) Sweeper : Sweep
(C) Sand paper : Abrasion (D) Car : Petrol
(iii) BALL : CIRCLE
(A) Pyramid : Triangle (B) Line : Square
(C) Side : Angle (D) Square : Rectangle
(iv) DOG : MEAT
(A) Coal : Oven (B) Petrol : Car (C) Cow : Grass (D) Meat : Tiger
(v) 4 : 9
(A) 3 : 6 (B) 9 : 16 (C) 4 : 16 (D) 1 : 25
(vi) PLANTS : BOTANY
(A) Animal : Biology (B) Cardiac : Heart
(C) Earthquake : Seismology (D) Object : Physics
(vii) DOCTOR : LAWYER
(A) Patient : Client (B) Patient : Litigation (C) Client : Illness (D) Ailment : Client
Explanations and Answers:
(i) Here, the relationship is Profession and Person. As ‘design’ is the profession of an ‘Architect’,
‘sermon’ is the profession of a ‘clergyman’. So (B) is the best answer choice.
(ii) Here, the relationship is of Purpose. As ‘oil’ is used for ‘lubrication’, ‘sand paper’ is used for
‘abrasion’. So, (C) is the best answer choice.
(iii) Here, the relationship is of ‘shape’. A ball is circular in shape, similarly a pyramid is triangular
in shape. So, the answer choice is (A).
(iv) Here, the relationship is food habit. As ‘dog’ eats ‘meat’, ‘cow’ eats ‘grass’. So, (C) is the best
answer choice. Here (D), though has the same relationship the sequence is not matching with
the question pair.
(v) It is an example of numerical relationship. Here 4 is the square of 2 and 9 is the square of its
next number 3. Similar relation exists in the alternative (B) only, where 9 is the square of 3 and
16 is the square of its next number 4. So (B) is the best answer choice.
(vi) Here, the relationship is between study and topic. As ‘Botany’ is the study of ‘Plants’, ‘Seis-
mology’ is the study of ‘Earthquake’. So (C) is the best answer choice.
(vii) Here, no obvious relationship exists between the two words in question. But if we search from
the alternatives we find some relationship about their functions. ‘Doctor’ deals with the ‘pa-
tient’ and ‘lawyer’ deals with the ‘client’. So (A) is the best answer choice here.
S. MISCELLANEOUS RELATIONSHIPS
1. TAXONOMIST : CLASSIFY
(A) Plant : Botany (C) Jog : Weariness
(B) Cardiologist : Heart (D) Blush : Discomfiture
(C) Zoologist : Bird 3. MUMBLE : SPEAK
(D) Animals : Plants (A) Strut : Walk
2. WINCE : PAIN (B) Myopic : Misled
(A) Knee : Gout (C) Cry : Weep
(B) Sprint : Celerity (D) Song : Melody
22 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

4. CORONATION : REIGN 5. SCULPTOR : ATELIER

(A) Tenor : Aria (A) Artist : Art
(B) Pilot : Radar (B) Football : Ground
(C) Ministry : Election (C) Miner : Quarry
(D) Marriage : Divorce (D) Studio : Artist
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) It is an example of definition relationship. A taxonomist is a person who specialises in
classification, similarly a cardiologist specialises in heart-disease.
2. (D) It is an example of ‘action and its significance’ relationship. A wince is a sign that one
feels pain, similarly a blush signifies discomfiture or embarrassment.
3. (A) To mumble is to speak indistinctly and to strut is to walk proudly. It is an example of
manner relationship.
4. (D) The coronation precedes the reign and the marriage precedes the divorce. It is the time
sequence relationship.
5. (C) It is an example of worker and work place relationship. A sculptor works in an atelier or
studio, and a miner works in a quarry or pit. Here in ‘D’ though there is same relation-
ship, the sequence is different.

PRACTICE TEST 1
Directions for Questions 1-50:
In each question below two words in capitals are related to each other in some way. Find among the
suggested alternatives (marked A, B, C and D) which pair of words bears the most similar relation-
ship as that of the capitalised pair.
Questions:
1. BLACK : WHITE 5. FLOWER : ROSE
(A) Red : Orange (A) Ocean : Sea
(B) Hot : Cold (B) Tree : Plant
(C) Tall : High (C) Mango : Fruit
(D) Sun : Moon (D) Bird : Crow
2. HUNGER : FOOD 6. TOWN : MUNICIPALITY
(A) Sleep : Dream (A) Country : Government
(B) Lung : Oxygen (B) Panchayat : Village
(C) Thirst : Water (C) Mayor : Corporation
(D) Industry : Labour (D) Parliament : Prime Minister
3. PIPE : WATER 7. DYNAMO : ELECTRICITY
(A) Street : Car (A) Engine : Steam
(B) River : Boat (B) Light : Lamp
(C) Air : Bird (C) Car : Petrol
(D) Artery : Blood (D) Oven : Heat
4. CALF : COW 8. WRENCH : MECHANIC
(A) Sheep : Goat (A) Saw : Carpenter
(B) Child : Woman (B) Book : Student
(C) Mother : Boy (C) Medicine : Doctor
(D) Boy : Father (D) Paper : Clerk
Verbal Analogy 23

9. SCISSORS : CUT (C) Copper : Lead

(A) Door : Entry (D) Furniture : Wood
(B) Book : Study 19. MOON :DROUGHT
(C) Needle : Sew (A) Surplus : Deficit
(D) Beat : Hammer (B) Breadth : Length
10. JULY : RAIN (C) Sun : Moon
(A) December : Winter (D) Famine : Scarcity
(B) Summer : May 20. HERE : NOW
(C) Winter : Cold (A) There : Where
(D) December : Snow (B) There : That
11. CROWD : PEOPLE (C) Before : After
(A) Market : Seller (D) Where : When
(B) Forest : Tree 21. CLOCK : TIME
(C) City : Building (A) Length : Scale
(D) Factory : Worker (B) Pen : Write
12. EAR : DEAF (C) Examination : Ability
(A) Mind : Mad (D) Pressure : Barometer
(B) Blind : Eye 22. DISLIKE : HATRED
(C) Skin : Sensitive (A) Affection : Love
(D) Nose : Face (B) Hope : Belief
13. IRAN : ASIA (C) Anger : Violence
(A) Assam : India (D) Sadness : Sorrow
(B) London : England 23. MULTIPLY : MANY
(C) Poland : Europe (A) Rectify : Correct
(D) Kargil : Kashmir (B) Justify : True
14. LARGE : BIG (C) Comply : Proper
(A) High : Low (D) Unify : Same
(B) Quick : Swift 24. THURSDAY : MONDAY
(C) Sea : Ocean (A) Tuesday : Saturday
(D) Table : Chair (B) 7 P.M. : 11 P.M.
15. PATIENT : DOCTOR (C) March : July
(A) Client : Lawyer (D) 11 P.M. : 3 A.M.
(B) Machine : Mechanic 25. FREEZING : COOL
(C) Court : Judge (A) Rising : High
(D) Seller : Buyer (B) Boiling : Lukewarm
16. ROOM : WINDOW
(C) Sinking : Heavy
(A) House : Room
(D) Melting : Hot
(B) Lamp : Light
26. DISLIKE : HATRED
(C) Sky : Star
(A) Anger : Violence
(D) Face : Eye
(B) Affection : Love
17. MILE : KILOMETER
(C) Hope : Belief
(A) Foot : Pound
(D) Sadness : Sorrow
(B) Length : Weight
27. ELIGIBLE : CHOSEN
(C) Fahrenheit : Centigrade
(A) Fraudulent : Imposter
(D) Weight : Kilogramme
(B) Trusted : Dependable
18. IRON : ORE
(A) Page : Book (C) Incompetent : Rejected
(B) Butter : Milk (D) Encouraged : Applauded
24 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

28. GRIEVANCE : REDRESS (B) Sentence : Word

(A) Distress : Sympathise (C) Train : Passenger
(B) Success : Reward (D) School : Pupil
(C) Happiness : Rejoice 38. STATE : LEGISLATION
(D) Loss : Compensate (A) Employee : Service rule
29. RELIABLE : MEASUREMENT (B) Assembly : Speaker
(A) Amiable : Guest (C) Train : Timetable
(B) Verifiable : Theory (D) Fan : Regulator
(C) Justifiable : Practice 39. TABLE : CHAIR
(D) Expendable : Commodity (A) Almirah : Cot
30. RECTIFY : CORRECT (B) House : Room
(A) Amplify : Enlarge (C) Shirt : Trousers
(B) Simplify : One (D) Sofa : Bookcase
(C) Testify : True 40. BRAIN : THOUGHT
(D) Clarify : Understand (A) Stomach : Hunger
31. SIN : CRIME (B) Water : Steam
(A) Theft : Robbery (C) Eye : Sleep
(B) Deceit : Dishonesty (D) Dynamo : Electricity
(C) Vice : Guilt 41. STINT : FRAUD
(D) Lie : Perjury (A) Good : Better
32. CITY : MUNICIPAL (B) Intelligent : Idiot
(A) Village : Rural (C) Red : Black
(B) State : Federal (D) Father : Mother
(C) Country : National 42. BOOK : WRITER
(D) Metropolis : Mayoral (A) Engineer : Machine
33. GRAFT : POLITICS (B) Cloth : Weaver
(A) Punishment : Sin (C) Gramaphone record : Singer
(B) Cheating : Examination (D) Musician : Violin
43. GRANDFATHER : ANCESTOR
(C) Justice : Court
(A) Page : Book
(D) Democracy : Election
(B) Headmaster : Master
34. STEREOTYPE : INDIVIDUALITY
(C) Mother : Sister
(A) Enunciation : Concealment
(D) Person : Population
(B) Charity : Mercy
44. WRITER : PUBLISHER
(C) Coexistence : Permanence
(A) Engineer : Factory
(D) Content : Concreteness
(B) Retailer : Whole seller
35. SURPLUS : DEFICIT (C) Cook : Restaurant
(A) Breadth : Width (D) Innovator : Manufacturer
(B) Need : Wage 45. TELEVISION : ANTENNA
(C) Monsoon : Drought (A) Man : Eye
(D) Famine : Scarcity (B) Radio : Electricity
36. BORROW : STEAL (C) Table : Chair
(A) Hit : Kill (D) Book : Paper
(B) Ask : Bag 46. BLACK : SORROW
(C) Tell : Speak (A) Stars : Rortune
(D) Enter : Trespass (B) Rose : Red
37. WORD : LETTER (C) Cross : Christianity
(A) Book : Author (D) Sky : Milkyway
Verbal Analogy 25

47. SPRING : RESILIENCY 49. BLUEBERRY : PEA

(A) Fuel : Thermals (A) Fire : Red
(B) Armour : Obduracy (B) Potato : Chips
(C) Wire : Net (C) Sky : Grass
(D) Ballast : Stability (D) Leaf : Flower
48. CARELESSNESS : ACCIDENT 50. DOCTOR : DISEASE
(A) Death : Fire (A) Psychiatrist : Maladjustment
(B) Germ : Disease (B) Scholar : Knowledge
(C) Rain : Cloud (C) Judge : Crime
(D) Brake : Car (D) Lawyer : Law

Answers and Explanations:

1. (B) Opposite or antonym relationship.
2. (C) As food is related to hunger water is related to thirst.
3. (D) Carrier relationship.
4. (B) Child-mother relationship (Age-relationship).
5. (D) Classification relationship.
6. (A) Administrative relationship.
7. (D) Functional relationship.
8. (A) Tool-worker relationship.
9. (C) Object-function relationship.
10. (D) Sequential relationship.
11. (B) Whole-part relationship.
12. (A) Functional relationship.
13. (C) Place relationship (country-continent).
14. (B) Intensity relationship.
15. (A) As, a doctor deals with patient, a lawyer deals with client.
16. (D) Part-part relationship.
17. (C) Relationship of unit.
18. (B) Object-source relationship.
19. (A) Antonym relationship.
20. (D) Similar in meaning.
21. (C) As clock measures time examination measures ability.
22. (C) Degree or intensity relationship.
23. (A) Synonym relationship.
24. (D) Sequential relationship. Thursday is in one week followed by Monday in the next week,
similarly, 11 P.M. is in one day followed by 3 A.M. in the next day.
25. (B) Degree of difference or intensity relationship. Boiling is the extreme condition of Luke-
warm as freezing is the extreme condition of cool.
26. (A) Intensity relationship.
27. (C) As eligible candidates are chosen, incompetent candidates are rejected.
28. (D) Though the relationship is cause and action, grammatical relationship is also there as the
first one is noun followed by the verb.
29. (B) As measurement should be reliable, a theory should be verifiable.
30. (A) Synonym relationship.
31. (D) Synonym relationship
32. (C) As municipal is related to city, national is also related to the country.
33. (B) As grafting is possible in politics, cheating is possible in examination.
 PRACTICE TEST 2
1. ‘Rubber’ is to ‘tree’ as ‘gold’ is to 6. ‘Launcher’ is to ‘missiles’ as ‘catapult’
(A) mine (B) ornament is to
(C) metal (D) goldsmith (A) stone (B) bullet
2. ‘Office’ is to ‘executive’, ‘home’ is to (C) boat (D) train
(A) children (B) household 7. ‘Inert’ is to ‘static’ as ‘dynamic’ is to
(C) homely (D) housekeeper (A) motor (B) active
3. ‘Vegetation’ is to ‘barren’, ‘hair’ is to (C) politic (D) mathematics
(A) oil (B) shampoo 8. ‘Each’ is to ‘all’ as ‘part’ is to
(C) bald (D) style (A) whole (B) none
4. ‘Smile’ is to ‘laugh’ as ‘suggestion’ is to (C) separate (D) many
(A) advice (B) plan 9. ‘Square’ is to ‘diamond’ as ‘circle’ is to
(C) execution (D) order (A) round (B) smooth
5. ‘Labourer’ is to ‘wages’ as ‘entrepreneur’ (C) triangle (D) oval
is to 10. ‘Louvre’ is to ‘museum’ as ‘prison’ is to
(A) salary (B) bonus (A) warden (B) crime
(C) profit (D) incentive (C) bastille (D) bars

11. ‘City’ is to ‘municipal’ as ‘country’ is to (A) paragraph (B) phrase

(A) federal (B) national (C) letter (D) comma
(C) government (D) democracy 22. ‘Cow’ is to ‘beef’ as ‘pork’ is to
12. ‘Nurse’ is to ‘Physician’ as ‘secretary’ is to (A) buffalo (B) pig
(A) executive (B) office (C) lard (D) steak
(C) stenographer (D) clerk 23. ‘Potato’ is to ‘masher’ as ‘beater’ is to
13. ‘Past’, is to ‘regret’ as ‘future’ is to (A) winner (B) baton
(A) ahead (B) hope (C) egg (D) steak
(C) opportunity (D) forecast 24. ‘Preamble’ is to ‘constitution’ as ‘prologue’
14. ‘Rod’ is to ‘fish’ as ‘gun’ is to is to
(A) shell (B) shot (A) epilogue (B) prorogue
(C) bullet (D) hunt (C) adjourn (D) play
15. ‘Religion’ is to ‘atheist’ as ‘Pacifist’ is to 25. ‘Endure’ is to ‘last’ as ‘dispute’ is to
(A) object (B) atlantis (A) repute (B) argue
(C) war (D) conscience (C) impute (D) invert
16. ‘Awkward’ is to ‘skillful’ as ‘deft’ is to 26. ‘Cavalry’ is to ‘horse’ as ‘infantry’ is to
(A) clumsy (B) hearing
(A) foot (B) travel
(C) blindness (D) newt
(C) infant (D) armory
17. ‘Sea’ is to ‘Knot’ as ‘land’ is to
27. ‘Poet’ is to ‘verse’ as ‘sculptor’ is to
(A) acre (B) mile
(A) artist (B) chisel
(C) meter (D) firm
(C) statue (D) stone
18. ‘Door’ is to ‘Panel’ as ‘Window’ is to
28. ‘Contralto’ is to ‘soprano’ as ‘baritone’ is to
(A) home (B) glass
(A) singer (B) orchestra
(C) pane (D) ache
19. ‘Donkey’ is to ‘bray’ as ‘horse’ is to (C) sonata (D) tenor
(A) drive (B) hoof 29. ‘Guillotine’ is to ‘behead’ as ‘hang’ is to
(C) saddle (D) neigh (A) picture (B) gallows
20. ‘Nut’ is to ‘shell’ as ‘Pea’ is to (C) punishment (D) criminal
(A) pod (B) peel 30. If ‘offices’ were ‘dens’ ‘officers’ would be
(C) green (D) plant (A) tigers (B) birds
21. ‘Word’ is to ‘sentence’ as ‘sentence’ is to (C) hunters (D) snakes
Answers and Explanations of the Practice Test-2 (Type 2 Verbal Analogy Test)
1. (A) Rubber is obtained from trees and gold is obtained from mines.
2. (B) An office is meant for an executive or officer, similarly a home is meant for household.
3. (C) Without vegetation land becomes barren and without hair the head becomes baldish.
4. (D) The difference in degree.
5. (C) A labourer gets wages for his labour and an entrepreneur gets the profit of his business.
6. (A) A launcher is used to launch a missile while a catapult is used to throw a stone.
7. (B) Inert means static while dynamic means active.
8. (A) Each is a portion of all, similarly part is a portion of whole.
9. (D) Square and oval are alike in the sense both of them have linear surfaces whereas circle
and oval are alike for their circular surfaces.
10. (C) Louvre is the name of the famous museum of France, similarly Bastille is the famous
prison of France.
11. (B) Municipal is for the city only while national is for the whole country.
12. (A) Nurse helps a physician while the secretary helps the executive.
13. (B) We can express sorrow or regret for the past misdeeds but always hope for better in
future.
14. (D) Rod is used to catch fishes while gun is used for hunting the prey.
15. (C) Atheist is against religion and pacifist is against war.
16. (A) Awkward is the opposite character of skillful, as clumsy is opposite character of deft.
17. (B) Distance in sea is measured in knots whereas a distance in land is measured in miles.
18. (C) Panel is the middle rectangular portion of the door whereas a pane is the middle rectan-
gular portion of a window.
19. (D) The cry of a donkey is bray whereas the cry of a horse is neigh.
20. (A) Nut is covered with shell and pea is covered with pod.
21. (A) A word is a part of a sentence and a sentence is a part of a paragraph.
22. (B) The meat of cow is called beef where- as the meat of pig is called pork.
23. (C) Potato is to mash whereas egg is to beat.
24. (D) Preamble is the introduction of the constitution, similarly prologue is the introduction of
a drama or play.
25. (B) Endure means to last long whereas dispute means to argue.
26. (A) Cavalry are horse-soldiers whereas infantry are foot-soldiers.
27. (C) A poet creates verse and a sculptor creates statue.
28. (D) Contralto is the opposite of soprano, similarly baritone is the opposite of tenor.
29. (B) As guillotine is used to behead a person, a gallows is used to hang a person.
30. (A) Offices are meant for officers and dens are meant for tigers.
28 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning
Verbal Analogy 29

9. MAN : ARROW 15. HAND : VICTORY

(A) Beard (B) Hair (A) Palm (B) Country
(C) Bow (D) Rod (C) Shake (D) Stand
10. IRON : CURD 16. BLOOD : WOMEN
(A) Copper (B) Milk (A) Red (B) Vermilion
(C) Mercury (D) Ship (C) Scarlet (D) Petrol
11. WOOD : LION 17. COFFIN : INSIPID
(A) Cot (B) Tree (A) Taste (B) Sugar
(C) Cow (D) Colour (C) Pall (D) Water
12. CAMPHOR : WATER 18. COCKROACH : ATOM
(A) Milk (B) Spirit (A) Insect (B) Antenna
(C) Wax (D) Flower (C) Bomb (D) Bird
13. PEARL : ALCOHOL 19. ACE : ORANGE
(A) Water (B) Brandy (A) Lemon (B) Jack
(C) Milk (D) Ice (C) Apple (D) Fruit
14. DAUGHTER : LEO 20. BOOK : AEROPLANE
(A) Son (B) Tiger (A) Author (B) Letter
(C) Necklace (D) Virgo (C) Kite (D) Bird

Answers and Explanations:

1. (B) ‘Milk’ is liquid and white in colour like ‘snow’.
2. (A) ‘Firefly’ is an animal and twinkles like a ‘star’.
3. (C) ‘Coal’ is solid like ‘Ice’ but burns like ‘Petrol’.
4. (D) ‘Honey’ is liquid but sweet in taste.
5. (B) ‘Barometer’ is a measuring instrument used for forecasting ‘Storm’.
6. (C) ‘Scale’ is a measuring instrument measuring the length of a ‘Line’.
7. (D) ‘Cockroach’ has the ‘antenna’ which is also used for running a ‘television’.
8. (B) ‘Northpole’ is covered with ‘snow’ which is also white in colour like ‘milk’.
9. (A) ‘Man’ has got the ‘beard’ which is also a part of an ‘arrow’.
10. (C) ‘Mercury’ is a metal and white in colour like ‘curd’.
11. (A) ‘Cot’ is made of ‘wood’ and has got four legs like ‘lion’.
12. (B) ‘Spirit’ is liquid like ‘water’ and volatile like ‘camphor’.
13. (C) ‘Milk’ is white in colour and also liquid.
14. (D) ‘Virgo’ means ‘daughter’ which is also a zodiacal sign like ‘leo’.
15. (A) ‘Palm’ is the inner side of ‘hand’ which also means ‘victory’.
16. (B) ‘Vermilion’ is red in colour used by ‘women’.
17. (C) ‘Pall’ is the cloth for covering the ‘coffin’ and also means ‘insipid’.
18. (A) ‘Insect’ is a very small thing like ‘atom’ and ‘cockroach’ is an ‘insect’.
19. (B) ‘Jack’ is a kind of fruit like ‘orange’ and also one of the cards like ‘ace’.
20. (C) ‘Kite’ is made of ‘paper’ like ‘book’ and made to fly like ‘aeroplane’.

TYPE 4
Here in each question a key group of words which bear some relation is given and followed by
another four sets of words (marked A, B, C and D). You are to choose the correct group of words
that bears the same relationship as the key words.
32 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

21. (B) Synonym & Antonym relationship.

22. (C) All are synonyms.
23. (D)
24. (B) All the months have same number of days.
25. (A) All these are planets.
TYPE 5
In these questions you’ll find letters analogy instead of words.
A. DIRECT ALPHABETIC SEQUENTIAL RELATIONSHIP
Examples:
1. If AB : PQ then DE : ?
(A) BK (B) GH (C) KM (D) LK
2. If RS : MN then KL : ?
(A) AC (B) PK (C) DU (D) OP
3. If KL : BC then XY : ?
(A) AD (B) CB (C) QR (D) SV
4. If ST : WX then UV : ?
(A) YZ (B) TW (C) PT (D) NM
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (A)
Here, in all the cases the question pairs, i.e., AB, PQ, RS, MN, etc., are all in natural alphabetic
sequence, so, for the question mark it should be in natural alphabetic sequence also. Hence, the
answers are GH, QR, OP and YZ for questions 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
B. REVERSE ALPHABETIC SEQUENTIAL RELATIONSHIP
Examples:
1. IF SR : BA then DC : ? 2. If UT : ZY then NM : ?
(A) AB (B) DE (A) LK (B) NL
(C) FE (D) XU (C) PQ (D) VX
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) 2. (A)
From the question pairs it is clear that letters in both the questions are in reverse alphabetic
sequence. Hence the answers are FE for 1 and LK for 2.
C. VOWEL/CONSONANT RELATIONSHIP
1. POQ:BAC
(A) ABC:TOV (B) QER:SIT (C) DEB:KED (D) BAQ:PQR
2. ABD:OPR
(A) EFG:PQR (B) TON:EST (C) ATS:ORT (D) EFH:IJL
3. LOK:NEM
(A) CEB:QOP (B) DOT:TOR (C) BAC:EAD (D) LIK:PUT
4. PSU:FIO
(A) RTO:DEF (B) KMO:JMU (C) DGO:SVE (D) NQU:IPS
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) Two Consecutive consonants, in between there is a vowel.
Verbal Analogy 33

2. (D) Starts with a vowel, followed by two consonants with one letter skipped in between:
AB (C) D:OP(Q)R, EF(G)H:IJ(K)L
3. (A) Two consonants in the reverse order and in between there is a vowel
4. (C) Two consonants with two letters skipped in between followed by a vowel, e.g.,
P(QR)SU:F(GH)IO, D(EF)GO:S(TV)VE
D. SKIP LETTER RELATIONSHIP
1. BC:EF
(A) CD:EF (B) PQ:ST (C) OP:MN (D) LK:MN
2. JK:NO
(A) PQ:TU (B) BC:DE (C) AD:BC (D) MN:PQ
3. DF:PR
(A) AC:QP (B) DE:KM (C) LN:GI (D) BD:KL
4. TV:UW
(A) ZY:AZ (B) KL:MN (C) PR:QT (D) BD:CE
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) One letter skipped in between BC:(D)EF, PQ: (R)ST
2. (A) Two letters skipped in between
3. (C) One letter skipped in between both the question letter, e.g., D(E)F: P(Q)R and L(M)N:G(H)I
4. (D) Ist, 3rd, 2nd and 4th letters are consecutive, i.e., 2nd and 3rd letters are to be inter-
changed, e.g., TUVW and BCDE.
E. LETTER-FORM RELATIONSHIP
This type of analogy depends on the form or pattern of the letters in the analogy. So, before answer-
ing the question, study the form of the letters carefully e.g. straight lines, circles, tails, closed and
open ends, etc. and find out the relationship.
Examples:
1. T:I
(A) N:L (B) K:M (C) W:X (D) V:M
2. P:F::B:?
(A) K (B) E (C) W (D) X
3. M:W::N:?
(A) X (B) P (C) R (D) Z
4. Y:M::V:?
(A) Z (B) P (C) O (D) W
5. p:q::b:?
(A) o (B) d (C) a (D) p
6. m:n::w:?
(A) v (B) t (C) g (D) u
7. b:p::d:?
(A) q (B) b (C) u (D) z
Answers and Explanations:
1. A. If we examine the letter ‘T’ in the question we find, it consists of two straight lines,
whereas ‘I’ consists of one straight line, i.e. decreasing the number of lines. Among
answer choices only ‘N’:‘L’ fulfils the decreasing order of lines (3:2). Hence ‘A’ is the
answer.
34 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

2. B. Here ‘P’ and ‘F’ are of same pattern, where ‘P’ is closed and ‘F’ is open, similarly ‘B’ and
‘E’ are of same pattern, where ‘B’ is closed and ‘E’ is open.
3. D Here ‘M’ and ‘W’ have same number of lines but in reverse position; similarly ‘N’ and
‘Z’ have same numbers of lines but in side-ways position.
4. D. Here ‘V’ and ‘W’ have one and two openings respectively, similarly ‘Y’ and ‘M’ have the
same number of openings, i.e. 1:2.
5. B. In ‘p’ circle with line on left going down and ‘q’ circle with line on right going down.
Similarly in ‘b’, circle with line on left going up and ‘d’, circle with line on right going
up.
6. D. ‘m’ is actually double ‘n’ similarly ‘w’ is double ‘u’.
7. A. Same as ‘5’.
F. JUMBLED LETTER RELATIONSHIP
Here the relationship exists between same pair of words with the letters rearranged.
Examples:
1. SAMIR:RIMAS
(A) ALOK:OLAK (B) SUNIL:NILSU
(C) BARIN:NIRAB (D) PARESH:MOHAN
2. BENGAL:GALBEN
(A) TAMIL : MILTA (B) KASHMIR:RIMHSAK
(C) HARBI:BIHAR (D) GUJRAT:TARJUG
3. BLEDA:BLADE
(A) SIDE:EDIS (B) LOOHCS : SCHOOL
(C) CANDY : CANYD (D) KNEFI : KNIFE
4. CORNER:ROCNER
(A) HINDI : IDNIH (B) BENGAL : NEBGAL
(C) POET : TEPO (D) POLITE : ITEPOL
Answers and Explanations:
1. C. Just reversing the order of the letters.
2. A. Bringing the last three letters in the beginning.
3. D. Changing the position of the last three letters only.
4. B. Changing the position of the first three letters only.

PRACTICE TEST
Directions:
In each question below there is a key group of letters that bear some relation, followed by another
four sets of letters (marked A, B, C and D). Choose the correct set of letters from these alternatives
that bear the same relationship as the key group.
Questions:
1. KL:BC::MN:? 3. MNO:CDE::RST:?
(A) DC (B) OP (A) TUV (B) WYX
(C) GN (D) KM (C) KLN (D) PRS
2. ST:AB::YZ:? 4. ZA:XC::WD:?
(A) BK (B) TS (A) QR (B) TP
(C) CE (D) UV (C) YB (D) AD
Verbal Analogy 35

5. LK:BA::NM:? 17. d:b::q:?

(A) BC (B) QP (A) r (B) t
(C) NP (D) HI (C) p (D) u
6. ABCD:IKLM::OSTU:? 18. u:n::w:?
(A) GHIJ (B) MNOP (A) m (B) p
(C) QRST (D) UVWX (C) s (D) v
7. KOD:TIP::MUS:? 19. P:B::F:?
(A) MAN (B) OPD A. X B. N
(C) BDO (D) KPS C. Y D. E
8. BKIP:TCOS::MPAG:? 20. VERBAL:LABREV
(A) AIMS (B) OPRT (A) TOPIC:PICTO
(C) BCED (D) KPSU (B) BOOK:KOOB
9. PRSU:PSU::STRO:? (C) CILBUP:PUBLIC
(A) KOM (B) SRI (D) NIGHT:THIGN
(C) OKSU (D) BPEN 21. SADSAM:SAMSAD
10. AC:BD (A) NIHAR:RAHIN
(A) KM:LN (B) PR:QT (B) WINTER:NETWIR
(C) EF:GH (D) IL:JK (C) OOKL:LOOK
11. LJ:KI (D) BOLD:LDBO
(A) PR:QS (B) AC:BD 22. COUSIN:UOCSIN
(C) ON:PM (D) VT:US (A) LETTER:TELTER
12. PQ:TU (B) CXEEPT:EXCEPT
(A) AB:DC (B) EF:IJ (C) GROUPS:SPUORG
(C) KL:NO (D) PR:ST (D) OTHER:EHTOR
13. IJ:LM
23. SRTOKE:ESKTOR
(A) RS:VW (B) PT:KL
(C) VW:YZ (D) MN:PO (A) LETTER:LREETT
14. AC:KM (B) VERBAL:LVARBE
(A) DF:XZ (B) AC:BP (C) RAENWS:ANSWER
(C) OA:AZ (D) KL:MO (D) CIRCLE:ECLRCI
15. DH:IM 24. LEARN:LEANR
(A) AD:EH (B) PT:CG
(A) PUBLIC:PUBCIL
(C) MO:GI (D) MQ:RV
16. T:V::N:? (B) RIGHT:RIGTH
(A) P (B) K (C) FORMU:FORUM
(C) M (D) L (D) SAMIR:RIMSA

Answers and Explanations:

1. (B) As per natural or direct alphabetic sequence.
2. (D) As per direct alphabetical order.
3. (A) Same as 1 and 2.
4. (C) Reverse alphabetic order.
5. (B) Same as 4.
6. (D) Starts with a vowel, followed by three consonants.
7. (A) A vowel in between two consonants.
8. (C) a vowel in the third position.
9. (B) Only one vowel in the last position. Though in C there is vowel in the last position, the
number of vowels are two.
36 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

10. (A) 1st, 3rd, 2nd and 4th letters are consecutive.
11. (D) One letter skipped in between in the reverse order.
12. (B) Two consecutive alphabets and a skip of two letters in between, e.g., PQ:(RS)TU and
EF:(GH)IJ
13. (C) Two consecutive alphabets with a skip of one letter in between.
14. (A) One letter skipped in between, i.e., A(B)C : K(L)M and D(E)F : X(Y)Z
15. (D) Three letters skipped in between the alphabets, e.g., D(EFG)H:I(JKL)M and
M(NOP)Q:R(STU)V
16. (B) Letter-form relationship, i.e., T and V consist of 2 straight whereas N has 3 straight lines,
among the alternatives only K has 3 straight lines.
17. (C) Both in ‘d’ and ‘b’, the pattern usually is a circle along with a straight line going upward,
but in ‘q’ there is also a circle and a straight line going downwards and only option is ‘p’
among the 4 alternatives given.
18. (A) The inverted position of ‘u’ in ‘n’, similarly the inverted position of ‘w’ is ‘m’.
19. (D) In ‘P’ one straight line and one circle and in ‘B’ one straight line and 2 circles, i.e., the
number of circles increasing. So, in ‘F’ there are 3 straight lines, so only option would be
‘E’, i.e., with 4 straight lines.
20. (B) Just reversing the order of the letters. Though C may be the possible answer, the se-
quence is different.
21. (C) Bringing the last three letters in the beginning. D will not be the correct answer due to
different sequence.
22. (A) Changing the position of the first 3 letters only.
23. (D) Position of the letters are changed in the following way, e.g., 6th or last letter 1st, fol-
lowed by 1st, 3rd, 5th, 4th and 2nd.
24. (B) Only the positions of the last 2 letters are interchanged, C cannot be correct due to
different sequence.
TYPE 6
DOUBLE-ANALOGY
Sometimes in questions of analogy you are to find out two words at a time. Some examples are
given below:
Directions for Questions 1-5:
In each question below, instead of four words with more or less similar relationships between the
first two words and the last two words, only second and third words are given and the first and the
fourth words are replaced by numbers marked I and II, for each of which four alternatives are given
marked E, F, G, H and P, Q, R, S, respectively and four answer choices are also given marked A, B,
C and D. Study the words given for alternatives I and II, and find out which words bear a similar
relationships between the 1st and the 2nd and 3rd and the 4th. Then choose the best pair as your
answser from the alternatives, marked A, B, C and D.
1. I : Length :: Seismograph : II
I (E) Balance (F) Scale (G) Odometer (H) Metre
II (P) Current (Q) Humidity (R) Earthquakes (S) Rain
(A) ER (B) FP (C) FR (D) HS
2. I : Herd :: Fish : II
I (E) Sheep (F) Soldier (G) Cattle (H) Horse
Verbal Analogy 37

II(P) Shoal (Q) Horde (R) Swarm (S) Flock

(A) GP (B) ES (C) GR (D) HS.
3. I : Needle :: Chef : II
I (E) Thread (F) Cloth (G) Doctor (H) Tailor
II (P) Food (Q) Knife (R) Chicken (S) Oven
(A) EQ (B) HQ (C) FR (D) GS.
4. I : Mare :: Drone : II
I (E) Dog (F) Horse (G) Stag (H) Tiger
II (P) Bee (Q) Doe (R) Pony (S) Butterfly
(A) EQ (B) GR (C) HS (D) FP.
5. I : Allot :: Presume : II
I (E) Abode (F) Abduct (G) Assign (H) Assume
II (P) Proud (Q) Predict (R) Assume (S) Replace
(A) ER (B) FS (C) GR (D) HQ.
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) A scale is used for measuring length and seismograph is used for measuring the inten-
sity of earthquakes. Instrument & measurement relationship.
2. (A) Individual and group relationship. Herd is a group of cattle and Shoal is a group of
fishes.
3. (B) Worker and tool relationship. Needle is the tool used by the tailor, similarly Knife is the
tool of the chef.
4. (D) Male & Female relationship. Mare is the female horse, and bee is the female drone.
5. (C) Word and synonym relationship. Allot means almost same as assign, similarly Presume
means the same as assume.

PRACTICE TESTS
Directions for Questions 1-20:
In each question below you will find, instead of two pairs of words with more or less similar
relationships between the first two words and the last two words, only second and third words are
given and the first and the fourth words are replaced by numbers I and II, for each of which four
alternatives marked E, F, G, H and P, Q, R, S, respectively and also four answer choices marked A,
B, C and D are given. Study the alternatives carefully and choose the best answer.
1. I : Ocean :: Stone : II
I (E) Glacier (F) Lake (G) Continent (H) River
II (P) Rock (Q) Pebble (R) Granite (S) Mountain
(A) EQ (B) FS (C) FP (D) HS.
2. I : Square :: Arc : II
I (E) Line (F) Diagonal (G) Rectangle (H) Perimeter
II (P) Chord (Q) Circle (R) Diameter (S) Circumference
(A) ES (B) EQ (C) GR (D) HS.
(Hotel Management, 1993)
3. I : Garland :: Star : II
I (E) Perfume (F) Hero (G) Flower (H) Honour
II (P) Galaxy (Q) Shine (R) Sun (S) Night
(A) GP (B) GR (C) FS (D) HQ.
(Hotel Management, 1993)
38 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

4. I : Foundation :: Tree : II
I (E) Brick (F) Morter (G) Earth (H) House
II (P) Stem (Q) Leaves (R) Branches (S) Roots
(A) EQ (B) ER (C) GS (D) HS.
5. I : Inert :: Active : II
I (E) Static (F) Statics (G) Helium (H) Air
II (P) Gymnast (Q) Dynamic (R) Participation (S) Smart
(A) FP (B) GR (C) EQ (D) HS.
6. I : Silk :: Tree : II (Hotel Management, 1993)
I (E) Women (F) Worm (G) Cloth (H) Print
II (P) Root (Q) Flower (R) Gum (S) Stem
(A) ER (B) FQ (C) HS (D) FR.
7. I : Increase :: Descend : II (Hotel Management, 1993)
I (E) Grow (F) Decrease (G) Rise (H) Price
II (P) Reduce (Q) Down (R) Ascend (S) Mountain
(A) FP (B) FR (C) HS (D) EQ.
8. I : Prison :: Curator : II (Hotel Management, 1993)
I (E) Jailor (F) Culprit (G) Cell (H) Warder
II (P) Cure (Q) Museum (R) Curiosity (S) Maturity
(A) ES (B) GP (C) EQ (D) FR.
9. Part : I :: Class : II (Hotel Management, 1993)
I (E) Section (F) Whole (G) School (H) Students.
II (P) Students (Q) School (R) Teachers (S) Room.
(A) FQ (B) ER (C) GP (D) HS.
10. Lightning : I :: II : Sky (Hotel Management, 1993)
I (E) Cloud (F) Rain (G) Rainbow (H) Sky.
II (P) Rain (Q) Wind (R) Thunder (S) Rainbow.
(A) HP (B) FR (C) HS (D) ES.
11. Modern : I :: II : Old (Hotel Management, 1993).
I (E) Ancient (F) Death (G) Famous (H) Civilisation.
II (P) Industrialisation (Q) Young (R) Fashion (S) Western.
(A) ES (B) FP (C) EQ (D) GR.
12. Summit : Apex :: I : II (Hotel Management, 1993).
I (E) Beautiful (F) Picture (G) Attractive (H) Enchanting.
II (P) Comfortable (Q) Pretty (R) Healthy (S) Brave
(A) EQ (B) FP (C) GR (D) HS.
13. Bread : I :: II : Clay
I (E) Oven (F) Farmer (G) Chef (H) Wheat
II (P) Brick (Q) Klin (R) Building (S) Mud
(A) ES (B) HP (C) GQ (D) FB
14. Lion : Cub :: I : II
I (E) Pony (F) Duck (G) Insect (H) Horse
II (P) Larva (Q) Kitten (R) Lamb (S) Child
(A) HQ (B) ER (C) FS (D) GP
15. I : Debris :: II : Holocaust
I (E) Ruin (F) Smoke (G) Building (H) Explosion
II (P) Field (Q) Crop (R) Plough (S) Locust
(A) ES (B) FR (C) GQ (D) HS
Verbal Analogy 39

16. Ribs : I :: Shell : II

I (E) Man (F) Heart (G) Eyes (H) Chest
II (P) Skin (Q) Explosion (R) Nut (S) Cork
(A) FR (B) EQ (C) GP (D) HS
17. Pen : I :: II : Bore
I (E) Paper (F) Ink (G) Student (H) Write
II (P) Auger (Q) Axe (R) Chisel (S) Knife
(A) FR (B) EQ (C) HP (D) GS
18. Onomatology : I :: II : Language
I (E) Names (F) Races (G) Reality (H) Insects
II (P) Occultism (Q) Semantics (R) Concology (S) Ontology
(A) FS (B) EQ (C) GP (D) HR
19. Advance : Retreat :: I : II
I (E) Cruel (F) Abrupt (G) Cordial (H) Sink
II (P) Shallow (Q) Hostile (R) Notice (S) Kindle
(A) ER (B) FS (C) HP (D) GQ
20. I : Prohibition :: II : Request
I (E) Dearth (F) Brim (G) Presage (H) Ban
II (P) Dissipate (Q) Flaw (R) Solicit (S) Mend
(A) HR (B) ES (C) GP (D) FQ
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Second is the enlarged form of the first.
2. (B) First is the part of the second.
3. (A) First is the part of the second.
4. (D) Second is the lowest part of the first.
5. (C) The words are similar in meaning (synonyms).
6. (D) Second is obtained from the first.
7. (B) The words are opposite in meaning (antonyms).
8. (C) First looks after the second.
9. (A) Part and whole relationship.
10. (D) Lightning occurs in clouds and Rainbow is formed in the sky.
11. (C) Words are antonyms.
12. (A) Words are synonyms.
13. (B) First is made from the second.
14. (D) Cub is the young one of Lion, Larva is the young one of Insects.
15. (D) Second is left over after the first.
16. (A) First protects the second.
17. (C) Pen is used for writing and anger is used for making a bore.
18. (B) Onomatology is the study of names and symantics is the study of languages.
19. (D) Words are antonyms.
20. (A) Words are synonyms.
TYPE-7:

DETECTING ANALOGIE
Sometimes the candidates have to face a type of questions where they have to find out the hidden
analogy or relationship between the words given in the questions.
Example : Violin : Guitar : Sitar
40 A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

(A) All are performed in the functions.

(B) All are used in music.
(C) All are string musical instruments.
(D) All are difficult to perform.
Answer and Explanations:
Here most suitable answer is (C), as all are string musical instruments. Though (A) and (B) may also
be the answer, but they are not so specific as (C). Hence (C) is the best answer here.

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Nalanda : Magadh : Takshila 8. Potato : Carrot : Raddish.
(A) These are historical places. (A) All these grow underground.
(B) All these have ancient universities. (B) These are all stems.
(C) These are linked with Lord Buddha. (C) These are modified roots.
(D) These are old places. (D) These are fruits.
2. Analects : Zerd Avesta : Torah. 9. Terylene : Rayon : Nylon.
(Railways, 1991). (A) These are all cloths.
(A) These are places of worship (B) These are all natural fibres.
(B) These are three sects of Muslims. (C) These are used by all.
(C) These are names of religions. (D) These are all artificial fibres.
(D) These are names of Religious books. 10. Adrenal : Thyroid : Pituitary.
3. Ostrich : Sparrow : Emu. (A) These are all animal parts.
(A) These are wild animals. (B) All these are exocrine glands.
(B) These are fast runners. (C) These are all endocrine glands.
(C) These are pet animals. (D) All these are names of diseases.
(D) These are birds. 11. Hair : Feather : Fin.
4. Allahabad : Hardwar : Kolkata. (A) All these are used in winter.
(A) These are ancient cities. (B) All these protect the surface which they
(B) These are situated on the bank of river cover.
Ganges. (C) All these are organs of birds.
(C) These are associated with Kumbh (D) All these are of same colour.
Mela. 12. Drought : Parched : Dry.
(D) These are historical places. (A) All these are synonyms.
5. Mile : Gram : Ohm. (B) All these are natural calamities.
(A) These are units of measurements. (C) Al these are geographical terms.
(B) These are measuring instruments. (D) All these are antonyms.
(C) These are used in mathematics. 13. Weevils : Borer : Moth.
(D) These are used in trades. (A) All these produce silk.
6. Shark : Cod : Eel. (B) All these are plants.
(A) These are wild animals. (C) All these produce nylon.
(B) These are mammals. (D) All these are plant pests.
(C) These are fishes. 14. Thorium : Uranium : Polonium.
(D) These are amphibians. (A) All these are names of atoms.
7. Cobol : Pascal : Fortran. (B) All of them are scientists.
(A) These are the names of scientists. (C) All these are radioactive elements.
(B) These are computer languages. (D) All these are rocks.
(C) These are terms of mathematics. 15. Coal : Raven : Ebony.
(D) They are mathematicians. (A) All these are black in colour.
Verbal Analogy 41

(B) All these are used as fuels. 22. Flood : Fire : Cyclone (M.B.A., 1998)
(C) All these are obtained from mines. (A) All these are damages.
(D) All these are chemical products. (B) All these are accidents.
16. Marble : Slate : Gneiss. (C.B.I., 1990) (C) All these occur during rain.
(A) All these have domestic use. (D) All these are natural calamities.
(B) All these are metamorphic rocks. 23. Count : List : Weigh. (C.B.I., 1990)
(C) All these are found in rivers. (A) All are terms related to quantitative
(D) All these are similar in colour. measurement.
17. Jute : Cotton : Wool. (M.B.A., 1998) (B) All are terms used in qualitative meas-
(A) All these are artificial fibres. urement.
(B) All these are obtained from plants. (C) All are sequences.
(C) All these are similar in colour. (D) All these are used for comparison.
(D) All these are natural fibres. 24. Emancipate : Free : Release.
18. Sodium : Potassium : Zinc. (M.B.A., 1998)
(A) All these are metals. (A) These terms are used in jails.
(B) All these are branches of chemistry. (B) These are terms used in Army.
(C) All these are salts. (C) All these are synonyms.
(D) All these have same atomic weight. (D) All these have same meaning as quit.
19. Hokaido : Honshu : Shikoku. 25. Kathak : Bihu : Garbha. (C.B.I., 1990)
(M.B.A., 1998). (A) All these are musical instruments.
(A) All these are volcanoes. (B) All these are folk dances of north India.
(B) All these are capital cities. (C) All these are martial arts.
(C) All these are Japanese Islands. (D) All these are dances of south India.
(D) All these are in South America.
Answers:
20. Edge : Corner : Tip. (C.B.I., 1990)
(A) These are all synonyms. (As all the answers are self explanatory, no sepa-
(B) These are terms of mathematics. rate explanations are given here).
(C) These are terms of orography. 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (B)
(D) These are all antonyms. 5. (A) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (A)
21. Dozen : Score : Decade (C.B.I., 1990) 9. (D) 10. (C) 11. (B) 12. (A)
(A) All these are numbers. 13. (D) 14. (C) 15. (A) 16. (B)
(B) All the terms are used for a definite 17. (D) 18. (A) 19. (C) 20. (A)
number of items. 21. (B) 22. (D) 23. (A) 24. (C)
(C) All these are measurements. 25. (B).
(D) All these are countings.