hink and Discuss Pe eenen a ume has AL their music or their song lyrics (words)? bt PO ante es incu hn cg AExploring the Theme ee cine eden ace eee eons ee eed Cdk Per icecret aN eeh ia Pee Pen ak el pec deed Perens keke Cel Pee anodes ave men hae!Bringing the World Together Pan Rena Concer em an i) ete en Seen oe eee eens: een ies 1971 Coe ac eee meget ay concert in New York City, r ROR Rie eR SoC oe Pea enor ee eine ck Ree eoas hum uaa coe tries, ineludi mae oreo sete lee creee ete eee pm Ten cing famine (extreme hunger) in Ethiopia, The 18-hour eve me day in neat) Weer) rill) Like Live Aid, hive 8 includec Caen ete nena including France, Japan, and Te momocn: everal concerts on the same Sen cea ancora So en dee Ren mages 2007 The purp Tee climate change. One hundred and fitty pert Teen net ete reheat tah? Stace eo Reese luding Antarctica. People in over 130 Bey F:) Aer Ieee Sn RT Ree) Me a Roach eee ee teae een cee eet Mee crema e teren The recordings are edited to make online videos. The goal of th eyes Aa eat aeA | Building Vocabulary. Find the words in blue in the reading passage on page 145. Read th words around them and try to guess their meanings. Then match the sentence parts below make definitions. 1. Your appearance . are the conditions of your life, for An audience example, how much money you h b. you have a condition that makes it difficult to move around. isa group of people watching a Ifyou are physically disabled, concert or other event. G. is the way you look. 2. 3. Your circumstances 4, Ifyou are a composer, a 6 @. you write music. B | Building Vocabulary. Find the words in blue in the reading passage on page 145. Read the words around them and try to guess their meanings. Then complete the definitior encourage energetic founder — instrument —_—perform 4. Amusical 2. Ifyou is an object you use to make music. someone, you give them hope or confidence. 3. Ifyou ‘music, you play it in front of a group of people. 4 The of a group is the person who started it. 5. An person is very active and does not feel tired @ C | Using Vocabulary. Answer the questions. Share your ideas with a partner. 1. Which famous composers do you know? What do you think of their music? 2. Where in your town can you go to listen to musicians performing live music? &@ (D | Brainstorming. Why is music important? How can music help people? List your ideas in the word web. makes people happy > E | Predicting. Read the title, subheads, and first paragraph of the reading passage on 145-146. What do you think the passage is about? . a concert to raise money for disabled people _b. disabled musicians who becameThe Power of Music ‘Two FRENCH FILMMAKERS were working in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). One day, they found a group of musicians performing on the streets. But these were not ordinary street musicians. Most of the band members were disabled, and they made music with homemade instruments. The Message in the Music The band is called Staff Benda Billi, Its members are Ricky, one of the founders of the band; Coco, the band’s composer, who helped Ricky start the band; Junana, the group’s choreographer;! and Coude, 4 bass player and singer. A nondisabled teenager, Roger, plays the satongé, a one-string guitar he designed and built himself out of a tin can, a fish basket, and an electrical wire. The band’s name, Benda Bilili, means “look beyond appearances” in the local language, and it describes the group’s mission, Staff Benda Bilii’s audience was at first made up of poor street people, just like the band members themselves. The band wanted to tell its audience to be positive and strong, even in difficult circumstances. “Our songs encourage kids to go to school, encourage people to work hard,” says Ricky. “The message of our music is that if you want to do something with your li own hands.” ‘ou need to take things in your The band membe themselves are examples of their message. They don’t see themselves as disabled. Instead, they see themselves as rock musicians. Their energetic performances show this. For example, when the group is playing, Juna on his hands. sometimes jumps out of his wheelchair and dances around the stage "A choreographer creates dances, MUSICIANS WITH A MESSAGE | 145READING The filmmakers, Florent de la Tullaye and Renaud Barret, were amazed by Staff Benda Bilili’s music and their life stories. So the filmmakers decided to make a documentary about the band The film follows them as they play their music in Kinshasa, the capital of a country that had many wars in its recent past.? These wars affected millions of people in Kinshasa and elsewhere in the DRC. The documentary illustrates how Staff Benda Bilili’s music helped them survive in this very difficult environment. The film also shows the power of their music: Staff Benda Bilili members experience problems in their lives, and the problems become songs. Many of the songs offer solutions to the problems, For example, with polio’ and getting around the city on crutches. The song also tells parents to have their children vaccinated against* the disease. The documentary follows Staff Benda Billi as they go from playing in the streets of Kinshasa to playing in large European cities. Because of the film, the band is now well known, and today their music gives hope to people around the world fed the deaths. ble to use ther you will nt get theA | Understanding the Gist. Look back at your answer for exercise E on page 144, Was your prediction correct? B | Understanding the Main Ideas. Circle the main idea of each of these sections of the reading passage on pages 145-146 The Message in the Music a. At first, the members of Staff Benda Bilili were similar to the people in their audience. b, Staff Benda Bilili’s music encourages people who live in difficult circumstances. From the Streets to the World a. A film about Staff Benda Bilili brought the band’s message to people around the world. , A film about Staff Benda Bilili showed how life is difficult for people with polio. i {C | Identifying Key Details. Read each statement below. Circle T for true and F for false. Then change the false statements to make them true. 1, All members of Staff Benda Bilili are disabled. T F 2, The band’s name means “difficult circumstances.” TOF \ 8. Roger’s satongé is a homemade instrument. T F 4, Junana uses his wheelchair to dance around the stage. T F 5. Two French filmmakers made a movie about the band. T r 6. One of the group’s songs is about the importance of vaccination. T. F D | Critical Thinking: Interpreting Idioms. Write answers to these questions. Then share: your ideas with a partner. 1. The band’s name, Benda Bilili, means “look beyond appearances.” What does “look beyond appearances” mean? Why do you think the band chose this name? 2. Ricky says, “The message of our music is that . . . you need to take things in your own hands.” What do you think he means? MUSICIANS WITH A MeseanmDEVELOPING READING SKILLS When you take notes, remember to note only the key points, Don't write complete sentences, Try touse your own words | ‘as much as possible 148 | UNITS Reading Skill: Taking Notes Taking notes helps.you understand not only the main ideas of a reading passage, but also how supporting details in the passage relate to the main ideas. It also helps you to collect important information for writing assignments and for tests. (One way to take notes is to identify the main idea and the supporting details of each paragraph, or section, as you read. Itis offen helpful to use some kind of graphic organizer when you take notes. A simple chart oF grid is @ good way to take notes on main ideas and supporting ideas. Its also helpful to use abbreviations and symbols when you take notes. You can abbreviate (shorten) words any way you want (as long as you understand them). For example, abbreviation can become abbr. Some common abbreviations and symbols include &or+ — and w/ — with eg/ex. —— example > leads to/causes = — is/means bic because ‘See page 211 for alist of common abbreviations and symol A | Taking Notes. Complete the following chart with notes on “The Power of Music. Paragraph Main Tea Supporting Details B SB members of Ricky: cofounder. Jumana: chores. Staff Benda Bit Coco: com, Coude: bass player, singer Reger: not disabed, plays a group's wisien = band's name audience inc's Ee band members see Hremsetves as of tugir message energelic performances eg, Junana F Film stems how ney siars ab fected mi of people in survive in di6S eircum, | Fim sani nape or el tye pres ere bly ence Shar musi egy song B | Analyzing. Use your notes to write answers to these questions about “The Power of Music. 1. What is Staff Benda Bilili’s mission? How do the members of Staff Benda Bilili see themselves? What does the movie show about Staff Benda Bilili’s life in Kinshasa? PERN Where do the members of Staff Benda Bilili get ideas for their songs?Before Viewing A | Using a Dictionary. Here ar will hear in the video. with the correct word. Us me word o ch definition your dictionary to help you. fan open-minded stunning traditional If something is __ it is very beautiful Ifyou are a____ of something, you like ita lot. I for a loi something is , it has existed 4. Ifyou are (ou like to experience things you have never tried. Brainstorming. Which types of mus folk + jo musicians sometime Make ine? (For exar = folk rock.) alist with a par While Viewing A | Think about the statements Then circle T { as you view the video 1nd F for WOMAD is festival of traditional music and dance. Spaccanapoli plays traditional music from England. 3. Marcello Collasurdo says the group's music is like rock. a444 People in Naples often sing in the street. After Viewing A | Di th ements (1-4) above with a partner B | Synthesizing. Discuss answers to these questions with a partner. 4. Where do Staff Benda Bilili and Spaccanapoli get inspiration for their music? In what ways are the groups’ inspirations similar and different? 2. How is WOMAD similar to and different from the events described on page 143? music! THA MESSAGE | 14150 Members o Staff Benda Bil» developed a strong bond with the people in their audione UNIT 8 A | Building Vocabulary. Read the definitions below. Then complete the sentences with the correct words. If you eseape from something, you get away from it. Ifyou improve something, you make it better. An issue is an important topic that people have different views on. You take medicine if you are ill or injured so that you can feel better. If you do something regularly, you do it often. 4, Ifyou exercise —___, you ean stay healthy. Some experts. recommend exer -cising three to five times a week. 2. One ____ that people talk about a lot today is the environment. 3, Education and training can________ the lives of people in poor countries. When people receive an education, they can get jobs or start businesses. In this way, they are able to __________ from life of poverty 4 for AIDS patients in Africa is expensive. There also aren't enough of these drugs for all the people who need them. B | Building Vocabulary. Find the words in blue in the reading passage on pages 152-153, Read the words around them and try to guess their meanings. Then match the sentence parts below to make defritions. 1. A bond betwe -n people you save the person from danger, a 2, Ifyou resene someone, b. is what is happening at a particular tis 3. A responsibility ©. they make the person well again, 4, situation d. isa strong connection or a feeling _.5. If doctors or nurses treat of send someone with an illness, @. isa job you have to do.C | Using Vocabulary. Answer the questions in complete sentences. Then share your sentences with a partner. Partners Use issue with vos and adjectives: (x) become an 1. What issues in the news are you interested in? issue, discuss an ‘seve, vote on an 'ssue; (ad) lificult issue, important issue, legal issue, serious suo. 2, Which members of your family do you have the strongest bond with? 3. What responsibilities does a teacher have? 4, Which activities do you do regularly? ‘Scanning. Scan the reading passage on pages 152-153. Find the names and nationalities of the three main people described. Write the information in the chart, Then scan for the issues they are working on. Match the person with the issue (a-c) a. HIV/AIDS b. teaching music to children ©. chi slavery Issue Name Nationality ; MUSICIANS WITH A MESSAGE | 152 - :ately Music for © 0% From ending child slavery* to teaching people about AIDS and world peace, musicians around the world are spreading a message of hope “If my music can contribute to happiness, then that’s my main responsibility,” says American singer and songwriter Jason Mraz. But ‘Mraz does more than make people happy. He wants to use his music to make a positive change and improve people’s lives. Mraz is working with an organization called Free the Slaves. ‘Their goal is to stop child slavery, a serious issue in many parts of the world. In Ghana, for example, parents who are very poor ‘sometimes sell their own children into slavery. What inspired you to visit Ghana? Mera: » written by musician Lue Reynaud. . . . I loved it, performed it, and passed it on to my friends at Free the Ik started with “Freedom Song, laves. Later they sent me photos of kids in Ghana dancing and singing the song, Tell us a ut your trip. ‘Mrazs I went to work with James Kofi Anan, a former child slave who has spent his adult life liberating? slaves, . .. He works to rescue children, [and] get them back to health. [He also] works with their parents to make sure they can make a living so the children aren’t vulnerable? to traffickers.* I wrote several songs during my time in Ghana. I went back to my room every night [to compose] new songs about what I was seeing, + A slave is somecne who is owned by other people and works for thern without being paid * Liberating people means fresing them from the control of other people, ® Someone who is vulnerable 's weak and without protection. “A traffleker is someone who ilegally buys or sells something M 152 | UNITSZinhie Thabethe: choir. The Zinhle “Zinny” Thabethe is a lead singer of a South African group called the Sinikithemba ‘members of this choir have a strong bond: They are all HIV positive, Thabethe first learned she had HIV in 2002. A doctor told her he could not treat her condition because medicine was not widely available. Without treatment, she would probably die in less than a year, he said. But Thabethe did not give up, and she finally found a clinicS that was able to help HIV/AIDS patients Today, Thabethe and other members of the Sinikithemba Choir send a message of hope to people with HIV/AIDS. She fecls that she understands their situation. “I know what they are going through, and can help support and guide them,” she says. “Only by being open and asking for help will we know that we are not alone. If you have someone who will walk the journey with you, it is always easier.” 1A elinie isa placa where people receive care or advice from doctors and nurses, Arn Chorn-Pond: Asa child, Arn Chorn-Pond worked in a prison camp in Cambodia during the Khmer Rouge period. Life in the camp was terrifying. Guards regularly killed camp workers, including children. Chorn-Pond stayed alive mainly because of his skills as a musician. The camp guards liked listening to him as he played his flute. Chorn-Pond closed his eyes when he played. He said, “I escaped with the music. I played it, and my mind would be somewhere else.” Chorn-Pond finally escaped into the jungle, where he lived alone for many months. Later, an American aid worker? met him and took him to the United States. When Chorn-Pond grew up, he went back to Cambodia, He learned that many traditional musicians and dancers died during the Khmer Rouge period. $o Chorn-Pond is working with older musicians to teach ‘young Cambodians to play traditional music. In this way, he is helping a new generation keep their musical traditions alive uring the Khmer Rouge period (17 ouge governed Gambocia. Almost two rion Cambodians died during this period 7 An ald worker 90es arts ofthe worid and gives people things they need, such as education, food, and medical treatment MUSICIANS WITH A MESSAGE | 153loa UNDERSTANDING THE READING A | Understanding the Gist. Look back at your answers for exercise D on page 151 Were your answers correct? B | Ider Ideas. Match the main ideas (1-4) to the paragraphs in the chart below. ing Mi 4. Zinny Thabethe did not give up even though she learned she had HIV/AIDS. 2. When Chorn-Pond grew up, he helped other Cambodians with music. 8. Music saved Chorn-Pond’s life during the Khmer Rouge period. 4 ‘Mraz works with James Kofi Anan to stop child slavery © | Taking Notes. Complete the following chart with supporting details from the reading passage on pages 152-153. Paragraph | Main Idea | Supporting Details DA song inspived Mena gave 'Freedom Sang! do Free tue Slaves Mae to ge te Guana FTS sent tim protos of Kids dancing 4o song e Anan works wl parents 50 Mraz wrote many songs about 5 Ieamned she had HEV in found tant could belp eer H pinged tbte fe foo Be eae playing matic Leiped C-P 4o think about other things é wend fo US. gre up and trem went back 40 encourages fo learn ad &% D | Using Your Notes. Discuss your answers to the questions with a partner. 4. How does James Kofi Anan help to stop child slavery? 2, Inwhat ways might the Sinikithemba Choir bring hope to people? 8. How did Arn Chorn-Pond survive in a prison camp? E | Critical Thinking: Making Inferences. Zinny Thabethe says, “If you have someone walk the journey with you, it is always easier.” What do you think “walk the journey” mes What are some other ways to say this? Critical Thinking: Evaluating. Think about the issues the musicians in this unit are wo (on, Discuss in a small group. Which one is the most important, in your opinion? Why? 154 | UNITS| Read the information in the box. Then read the pairs of sentences (1~4). Decide which sentence expresses @ cause or a reason and which sentence expresses a result. Then connect the sentences using the word in parentheses. Language for Writing: Using therefore and since In Units 6 and 7, you saw that writers use so and because to connect reasons or causes with results, Writers also use therefore and since to connect reasons or causes with results. Therefore introduces a result. It can begin a new sentence, and it follows the reason or cause, Use a comma after therefore if itis at the start of a sentence, Zinhle Thabethe has HIV. Therefore, she understands other people who have the disease. reason result Or: She therefore understands other people who have the disease. Since introduces a reason. It can appear at the beginning of a sentence or where the two clauses connect. Use a comma after the first clause when since begins the sentence. Since she also has the disease, Zinhle Thabethe understands people who have HIV / AIDS. reason result Zinhle Thabethe understands people who have HIV / AIDS sinee she also has the disease. result reason Example: Many dentists play recordings of music for their patients. / Music can make people tee! relaxed. (therefore) Music can make people feel relaxed. Therefore, many dentists play recordings of music for their patients. 41, Jason Mraz has traveled around the world playing music. / He has met a lot of people from different cultures. (therefore) 2. Itis very peaceful and relaxing. / I listen to classical music before T go to sleep. (since) MUSICIANS WITH A MESSAGE | 155186 | UNITS mB! 3. Music helped Arn Chorn-Pond survive asa child. / He wants to use music to help other children. (since) 4, Peter G: briel loves world music. / He decided to start a world music festival. (therefore) Discuss these questions with a partner: In what situations do you usually listen to music (for example, when you are exercising)? Why do you listen to music in these situations? Now write about the situations in which you listen to music. Write two sentences using # and two sentences using since. Example: Since hip-hop is fast and energetic, I like fo listen to it wren I exercise. Writing Skill: Presenting One Main Idea in a Paragraph ‘A paragraph is a group of sentences about one topic. All the sentences in a paragraph should relate in some way to the same topic. The sentences may give examples, facts, or reasons to help the reader clearly understand the main idea, Remember to include only sentences that directly relate to the main idea of your paragraph| Here are some sentences for a paragraph about a person's favorite composer. Check the one(s) D | Cross out three sentences that do not belong in this that do not belong, A. R. Rahman is my favorite composer. Rahman was born in Madras, India, in 1966. When he was 11 years old, he dropped out of school and became 4 professional musician, He played music with some very famous Indian musicians, including Zakir Hussain sian, anger Rahman became an excellent musician and received a produces scholarship to study music at Oxford University in England. The conductor Adrian Boule also studied at Oxford University. When Rahman came back to India, he became a composer. He wrote music for many films, and in 2009, he won an’ Academy Award for his music for the movie Slumdog Millionnire. The film Man on Wire won the Academy Award for Best Documentary in 2009, Paragraph about a musical group from Thailand, One of my favorite musical groups is Fong Naam. Fong Naam plays a traditional type of music from Thailand. ‘The population of Thailand is about 70 million. Classical Thai music began to lose popularity in the mid-20th century, as modern types of music became more popular. Before 1939, Thailand was called “Siam.” In the 1980s, ‘two musicians—Buyong Ketkhong and an American named Bruce Gaston—decided to try to keep traditional Thai music alive. So Buyong and Gaston started a group, which they named Fong Naam. Fong Naam performs classical Thai music, and the group also writes new music using the classical style, I chink people should visit Thailand, as it is a very interesting country. Fong Naam performs for both Thai audiences and {international audiences. Therefore, they are saving a musical style from the past for future generations of Thai people, and also introducing it to people around the world,158 | UNITS && A | Brainstorming. Work with a partner. Brainstorm a list of your favorite musicians, bands, and songs. Note some reasons why you lke them. B | Planning. Follow the steps to make notes for your sentences. Don't worry about grammar or spelling, Don't write complete sentences. ‘Step 1 Decide.on the topic of your paragraph—a favorite musician, band, or song—an complete the first sentence in the chart below. Step 2 Choose three reasons for your choice and write them in the chart. Step 3 Now write one or two details about each reason, \Who/What is your favorite musician/band/song? My favorite is Reason 1 —___ Details: Reason 2 ___ Details: Reason 8 Details: | Draft 1. Use the information in the chart in exercise B to write a first draft of your paragtPeer Evaluation. Exchange your first draft with a partner and follow these steps: Step 1 Answer the questions below about your partner's sentences. 1. Does the paragraph have one main idea? Doalll the reasons relate to the main idea? Do the reasons have facts, examples, or details? 4aaaa aaa 414 2. 3. Are the reasons presented in a logical order? 4, 6. Are the reasons connected using linking words or phrases? Step 2 Tell your partner one thing that you liked about his or her sentences. Step3 Share your answers to the questions in Step 1 with your partner. Draft 2. Write a second draft of your paragraph. Use what you learned from the peer evaluation activity. Make any other necessary changes. Editing Practice. Read the information in the box. Then find and correct one mistake with because, 50, therefore, or since in each of the sentences (1-6), In sentences with because, so, therefore, and since, remember to: © use so and therefore before a result. 2 before a * use a comma after therefore when it begins a sentence. * use a comma after a clause with since or because when it’s at the beginning of a sentence. * use and b 1. Therefore, he played music in the camps, Chorn-Pond survived in a difficult situation. 2. Since he wanted to help keep traditional Cambodian music alive Chorn-Pond went back to Cambodia to teach music. 3, Because music is important in Naples people there often sing in the streets. 4, Celine Dion was born in Canada. Therefore some of her songs are in French 5, Because their instruments are homemade Staff Benda Bilili’s music has a special sound. 6. Marcello Collasurdo’s father played the tambourine since Marcello wanted to learn how to play it, too. MUSICIANS WITH A MESSAGE | 159G | Editing Checklist. Use the checklist to find errors in your second dratt. Editing Checklist Yes No 1. Are all the words spelled correctly? 2. Is the first word of every sentence capitalized? 3. Does every sentence end with the correct punctuation? 4. Do your subjects and verbs agree? 5. Did you use because, so, therefore, and since correctly? H | Final Draft. Now use your Editing Checklist to write a third draft of your paragraph. Make any other necessary changes. Se TT UNIT QUIZ 1, ____coneerts raise money and help make people aware ‘of important problems. “a 2, A__________ of a group is a person who started it. 14 8. The meaning of Benda Bill is “look beyond ____ 8 4, ____________ ona reading passage helps you to understand the information better. pt 5, Your—________are the things you have to do because of your job or position. 6. James Kofi Anan helps to rescue so they don't have to live as slaves. 7. Am Chorn-Pond played the to help him surviva avery difficult situation. p.Abe 8. Therefore is a way to introduce a result / reason. ie See