Research in Daily Life 2
Week 2 If We Knew What We Were Doing It Wouldn't Be
Research
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Module 2
Name : _____________________________________________ Date: _______________________
For the learner/s:
Welcome to the Research in Daily Life 2
Module on Research in Daily Life 2
Our mind is the most powerful part of our human body, with our mind working at
its best, we can achieve anything. Despite different circumstances we might
face, we should stand firm and continue with life. Our mind is associated with our
ability to learn, appreciate and create essential things. Hence, this signifies that
you as a learner is capable and empowered to succeed. Your academic success
lies in your own hands!
This module aims to provide the essential concepts, skills and competencies
needed which are useful in real life situations. The lessons and activities in this
module is designed with accordance to the skills and tasks suited for 21st Century
learners.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
Objectives - These are what you will be able to know after
completing the lessons in the module
Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the
concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.
Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.
Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.
Generalization- This section summarizes the concepts and
applications of the lessons.
Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson the student should be able to:
a. differentiate quantitative and qualitative research;
b. determine when to use qualitative and/or quantitative type of research;
c. apply the value of critical thinking, and;
d. develop meaningful responses by identifying quantitative from
qualitative statements.
PRE–TEST
Direction: TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is
FALSE. Write your answer in the space provided after each item.
1. Qualitative Research is a form of research that uses statistical data as the
main source of knowledge. __________
2. Quantitative of research focuses on the usage of documents, anecdotes,
and observations as a source of data __________
3. The numbers of participants in qualitative are larger & randomly selected.
____________
4. Quantitative data based on precise measurements using structured &
validated data-collection instruments. __________
5. When it comes to qualitative research in viewing human behavior are
dynamic, situational, social, and personal. __________
LESSON
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
In this time of pandemic, the Department of Health (DOH) always reminding us
that people must practice physical distancing
when going outside the house. You have decided
to go to the mall and the guard reprimanded you
and said "I think you are not aware of physical
distancing and please follow the arrow line”. Then
you have read a sign that practice physical
distancing at least 1 m. away from one another. In
this scenario, the description told by the guard, “I think you are not aware of
physical distancing” is an opinion and can be related to qualitative while “the
sign with at least 1m away from one another” is considered a quantitative, as it
include numbers on it.
Research can be done in different ways for different purposes. In doing a
research study, the researchers must know the two different types of research:
Quantitative and Qualitative research.
Quantitative Research is a form of research that uses statistical data as the main
source of knowledge. This form of research would like to operationalize reality into
numbers that can be easily analyzed.
Examples of quantitative data”
• Weight
• Height
• Age of person
• Annual income of an employee
• The general weighted average
(GWA)
Examples of Quantitative Research Topics
1. Population Rate in Cavite in the next
10 years
2. The effect of being working students for their academic performance
3. Growth performance of organic fertilizer.
4. Surveying a large number of students willing to enroll in college.
5. Correlational study of lack of sleep to academic achievement
Qualitative Research relies not in numerical analysis, but on narratives and stories
coming from its research participants. It aims to construct a story and a “thick”
description of the object of the study.
Examples of qualitative data
• The skin on her hand
was smooth and silky.
• The man has brown hair and
blue eyes.
• The boy was a track runner.
• We noticed that all the donuts
with bites were chocolate cake
with pink frosting.
• Fluffy white clouds filled the bright blue sky.
This form of research focuses on the usage of documents, anecdotes, and
observations as a source of data. Another thing, instead of trying to establish
causal relations, the qualitative research would like to describe what the
respondent's want to say. The researches ask the participants to respond to
some questions and further explain the answers by giving followup questions
to get a meaningful response.
Example of qualitative research topics:
1. Cultural practices of Ifugao tribe
2. Student's view on Anti-Terror Law
3. The experiences of people who lost jobs during covid pandemic
4. Investigating ways of which LQBTQ are portrayed in the print media by
analyzing advertisements
5. Examining the lives of people who experienced COVID 19 and recovered.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
This table shows the differences between quantitative and qualitative research
from the following criteria:
CRITERIA QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Purpose To understand & interpret
social interactions. To test hypotheses, look at
cause & effect, & make
predictions.
Group Studied
Smaller & not randomly Larger & randomly
selected. selected.
Variables Study of the whole, not Specific variables studied
variables.
Type of Data Words, images, or objects. Numbers and statistics
Collected
Form of Data Qualitative data such as Quantitative data based
Collected open-ended responses, on precise measurements
interviews, participant using structured &
observations, field notes, & validated, data-collection
reflections. instruments
Type of Data Identify patterns, features, Identify statistical
Analysis themes. Identify statistical relationships.
relationships.
Subjectivity is expected. Objectivity is critical.
Objectivity and
Subjectivity
Role of Researcher Researcher & their biases Researcher & their biases may be
known to participants are not known to the
in the study, & participant participants in the study, &
characteristics may be known participant characteristics to
the researcher. are deliberately hidden from the
researcher
(double-blind studies).
Results Particular or specialized
findings that are less Generalizable findings that
generalizable. can be applied to other
populations.
Scientific Method Exploratory or bottom-up: the Confirmatory or top-down:
researcher generates a new the researcher tests the
hypothesis and theory from hypothesis and theory with the
data collected. the data.
View of Human Regular & predictable.
Behavior Dynamic, situational, social, &
personal.
Focus Wide-angle lens; examines Narrow-angle lens; tests a the breadth &
depth of specific hypothesis.
phenomena.
Nature of Study behavior in a natural Study behavior under
Observation environment. controlled conditions;
isolate causal effects.
Nature of Reality Multiple realities; subjective. Single reality; objective.
Final Report Statistical report with
Narrative report with correlations,
contextual description & comparisons of means, &
direct quotations from statistical significance of
research participants. findings.
Adapted from Xavier University Library, retrieved from
https://www.xavier.edu/library/students/documents/qualitative_quantitative.pdf
ACTIVITY
Direction: For each scenario listed below, identify whether it would
be best to gather qualitative data, quantitative data, or a
combination of both to answer the questions being asked.
Scenario 1: You work in an office that has a water cooler. The water
cooler holds twenty gallons of water. Your boss asks you to figure
out how many refills your office will need every month, because
she’s trying to do the budget.
What method you would use? (qualitative and/or quantitative)
Why?
________________________________________________________________
__
________________________________________________________________
__
________________________________________________________
Scenario 2: You are a new restaurant owner. Your restaurant has
been open for several weeks, and so far, it looks like your customers
enjoy your restaurant. But you want more information. You want to
get feedback from your customers on their dining experience,
specifically their opinions on your food, service, and ambiance.
What method you would use? (qualitative and/or quantitative)
Why?
________________________________________________________________
__
________________________________________________________________
__
________________________________________________________________
__
_________________________________________________________
GENERALIZATION
In doing a research paper, it is very important that researchers need to
learn to analyze and evaluate a statement to derive or form a judgment. Being
critical in determining what to use in research insignificant in moving forward in
the different steps in doing a research paper. The skills that people need to think
critically include observation, analysis, interpretation, reflection, evaluation,
inference, explanation, problem solving, and decision-making. This will help the
researcher to identify what method to use once they can acquire the necessary
information and lead them to decide and conclude.
POST TEST
Direction: Write QT if the statement is Quantitative Research and QL if the statement
is Qualitative Research.
_____1. Investigating ways of which females are portrayed in the print media by
analyzing newspaper and magazine advertisements.
_____2. Using a written questionnaire with closed-ended questions (e.g.. Yes/No)
to survey a large number of bushfire victims.
_____3. Organizing a small number of participants into a discussion group to study
the experience of sexual discrimination in the workplace as a source of data.
_____4. Observing whether drivers conform to road rules by counting the number
of drivers who disobey a stop sign at an intersection
_____5. Observing the effects of using a treat as a reward to teach a dog to sit on
command
