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Pineda, M. (2016, May 25). 50 dishes that define https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/50- Top Dishes:
the Philippines. CNN; CNN. delicious-philippines-dishes/index.html o Seafood, tropical fruits and creative cooks
o Adobo - chicken or pork cooked in vinegar, salt,
garlic, pepper, soy sauce, and other spices
o Lechon - (Cebu) entire pig roasted over coals
o Sisig - (Pampanga) sizzling dish, pork’s cheeks,
head and liver, seasoned
o Pancit Palabok – rice noodles, sauce made with
shrimp broth, pork, hard boiled eggs, shrimps,
chicharon
o Arroz Caldo – chicken rice porridge, cooked with
ginger, hard-boiled egg, toasted garlic and green
onions
o Kare-Kare – toasted rice and crushed peanuts
o Sinigang – stew of fish, prawns, pork, or beef,
tamarind, kamias, or tomatoes
o Dinuguan at puto – pork and pig innards stewed
in fresh pig blood seasoned with garlic, onion, etc.
o Bicol express – chili, pork and coconut milk stew
o Balut – duck embryo boiled and served with rock
salt or spicy vinegar
o Bibingka – rice cakes, coconut milk and sugar
o Champorado – chocolate rice porridge
o Halo-Halo – leche flan, gulaman, ube, banana,
kaong, beans and garbanzos, milk and ube ice
cream
o Ensaymada at tsokolate – handmade
cheesebread with sugar and cheese
o Pastilla de leche – fresh carabao milk and sugar,
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sweet confection
o Puto bumbong – purple mountain rice
o Turon – fried banana with jackfruit, lumpia
wrapper
o Halayang ube – purple yam turned into ube jam
o Leche flan – egg and milk-based custard,
caramelized sugar
o Lumpia – spring roll wrappers, pork, soy sauce,
green cabbage, etc.
Lo, T. (2021, May 21). Why food is much more https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calga o Central aspect of home life and family
than just food in Filipino culture. CBC. ry/filipino-food-language-salcedo- relationships, peacemaking
juarez-1.6033994 o Form of cultural expression - history, heritage,
and identity
o A sense of home and togetherness – connects
with her culture, traditional dishes reminds her of
home
o Helped get closer with loved ones as well as to
home
o Dishes are prepared differently in each family,
depending on which region of the Philippines they
grew up in
o Some dishes have different color or consistency,
level of heat or acidity
o “when you’re eating the food from your mom or
from your lola (grandmother), their identity was in
that dish.”
Sharwin Tee. (2019, June 26). Detailed Guide to https://guidetothephilippines.ph/article o Most Filipino dishes began with their creators
Local Cuisine of the Philippines. Guide to the s/history-culture/philippines-food-guide making use of whatever ingredients they could
Philippines; Guide to the Philippines. find and used those ingredients to create a dish
o Filipino cuisine is highly local and regional,
hundreds of different Filipino dishes have different
preparations and names
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o Filipino food is heavily influenced by Chinese
cuisine, Chinese immigrants mainly from Fujian
region of China and the Cantonese
o Also influenced by colonizers like the Spanish, the
Americans, Japanese, and the British (bringing
Indian workers with them).
o Mexican influences – traders and workers would
bring ingredients and dishes to Philippine shores.
o Several foreign influences, difficult to truly define
Filipino food
o Most Filipino dishes are named for cooking
techniques and not specific ingredients or dishes
o Filipino food is rarely spicy, instead they combine
salty, sour, sweet and bitter.
o Sourness is most prevalent – 3 main sources:
fruits, leaves, and fermentation
o Most varied selection of vinegar: coconut sap,
pineapple, sugar cane, palm, and banana
o Cuisines are best served with rice
o Lizon Dishes – easily identified by the ingredients,
a mix of savory dishes
o Bicol region – known for spicy foods that include
coconut milk
o Visayas Dishes – Iconic dishes come from here,
Cebu’s lechon
o Mindanao Dishes – access to the freshest
seafood, due to close proximity Southeast Asian
countries (Malaysia and Indonesia), they are
influenced by their cuisines
o Regionality, seasonality, and locality
Banez, K. (2017, March 16). The role of food in https://www.canadianfilipino.net/sectio o Food plays a big role in Filipino gatherings
Filipino culture - Canadian Filipino Net. ns/culture/the-role-of-food-in-filipino- o Filipinos are proud of their traditional food
Canadian Filipino Net. culture (influenced by Chinese, Japanese, Indian, and
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other cuisines)
o Filipino restaurants have been getting more
recognition lately on the media in the past few
years, identified as a hot food trend
o Inspired by ingredients and flavors from many
different cultures, influenced Philippines’ history
o Authenticity – when cooking food, Filipinos will
make sure to feed people with food mad with love
and fresh ingredients
Dennis S. (2018). The Original Fusion Food: https://www.thespruceeats.com/filipino o Filipino food combines Eastern and Western
Filipino Food Culture. The Spruce Eats. -cooking-and-culture-3030285 ideas (strongly influenced by Chinese, Spanish,
and American traditions)
o Sometimes identified by the way it incorporates
Asian and European ingredients, e.g. robust and
Pork Menudo dish, some recipes have it blending
tomato sauce with soy sauce
o Local Southeast Asian ingredients like chilies,
coconuts, shrimp paste, lemongrass, and fish
sauce or patis
o Chinese influences: Silk and ceramics, Chinese
cooking traditions like stir-frying and steaming,
Filipino pancit, lumpia, siaopao and siaomai
o Spanish influences: spanish paella (fried rice) has
been locally adapted to include seafood like
shrimps, crabs, squid, and fish. Also olive oil,
paprika, saffron, cheese, ham, and cured
sausages
o United States influences: pressure cooking,
freezing, pre-cooking, sandwiches, salads,
hamburgers, and fried chicken
o Seafood is the main source of protein in the
Filipino diet
o Unique feature to the Filipino dining is sawsawan,
dipping sauce
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Ettenberg, J. (2017, June 29). Origins of food we https://www.gadventures.com/blog/ori o The food of each region reflects the people’s
love: The cuisine of the Philippines. G gins-food-we-love-cuisine-philipines/ personality and culture of that region
Adventures Blog. o Coconut is very important for Filipino dishes, all
parts of the coconut(including the sap and leaves)
are used in cooking and preparation
o Malayo-Polynesian influences: steaming, boiling,
and roasting over a fire. Protein included
livestock, seafood, and the occasional reptile
o Chines traders influences: brought ingredients like
soy sauce, bean sprouts, tofu, bamboo shoots,
lemongrass, and fish sauce, noodles (adapted
into pancit)
o Spanish influences: introduced sautéeing and
braising, preserving meat in vinegar and spices,
ingredients like garlic, onions, and tomatoes, corn,
potatoes, paella, embutido, leche flan, and
churros
o Spanish brought dairy and new meats however
were only accessible to the upper class, working
class were heavily influenced by Chinese traders
as well as traditional rice-based meals
o American Influences: canned evaporated milk or
sweet condensed milk, replacing fresh milk in
Spanish-influenced desserts. Canned sauces and
processed cheeses
