LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
Report
ON THE
TOPIC
GPRS
SUBMITTED BY : SUBMITTED TO:
ABHISHEK GAUR. RAMANDEEP KAUR.
ROLL NO. A13
ROLL NO ASSIGNED: 3,7
Introduction: General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service
on the 2G and 3G cellular communication systems global system for mobile communications
(GSM). The service is available to users in over 200 countries worldwide. GPRS was originally
standardized by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) in response to the
earlier CDPD and i-mode packet switched cellular technologies. It is now maintained by the 3rd
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
GPRS usage charging is based on volume of data, either as part of a bundle or on a pay as you
use basis. An example of a bundle is up to 5 GB per month for a fixed fee. Usage above the
bundle cap is either charged for per megabyte or disallowed. The pay as you use charging is
typically per megabyte of traffic. This contrasts with circuit switching data, which is typically
billed per minute of connection time, regardless of whether or not the user transfers data during
that period.
Services offered:
GPRS extends the GSM circuit switched data capabilities and makes the following services
possible:
"Always on" internet access
Multimedia messaging service (MMS)
Push to talk over cellular (PoC/PTT)
Instant messaging and presence—wireless village
Internet applications for smart devices through wireless application protocol (WAP)
Point-to-point (P2P) service: inter-networking with the Internet (IP)
If SMS over GPRS is used, an SMS transmission speed of about 30 SMS messages per minute
may be achieved. This is much faster than using the ordinary SMS over GSM, whose SMS
transmission speed is about 6 to 10 SMS messages per minute.
Protocols supported:
GPRS supports the following protocols:[citation needed]
internet protocol (IP). In practice, built-in mobile browsers use IPv4 since IPv6 is not yet
popular.
point-to-point protocol (PPP). In this mode PPP is often not supported by the mobile phone
operator but if the mobile is used as a modem to the connected computer, PPP is used to tunnel
IP to the phone. This allows an IP address to be assigned dynamically to the mobile equipment.
X.25 connections. This is typically used for applications like wireless payment terminals,
although it has been removed from the standard. X.25 can still be supported over PPP, or even
over IP, but doing this requires either a network based router to perform encapsulation or
intelligence built in to the end-device/terminal; e.g., user equipment (UE).
When TCP/IP is used, each phone can have one or more IP addresses allocated. GPRS will store
and forward the IP packets to the phone even during handover. The TCP handles any packet loss
(e.g. due to a radio noise induced pause).
Support functions:
The GPRS core network provides mobility management, session management and transport for
Internet Protocol packet services in GSM and WCDMA networks. The core network also
provides support for other additional functions such as billing and lawful interception. It was also
proposed, at one stage, to support packet radio services in the US D-AMPS TDMA system,
however, in practice, all of these networks have been converted to GSM so this option has
become irrelevant.
Like GSM in general, GPRS module is an open standards driven system. The standardization
body is the 3GPP.
USABILITY:
The maximum speed of a GPRS connection offered in 2003 was similar to a modem connection
in an analog wire telephone network, about 32-40 kbit/s, depending on the phone used. Latency
is very high; round-trip time (RTT) is typically about 600-700 ms and often reaches 1 s. GPRS is
typically prioritized lower than speech, and thus the quality of connection varies greatly.
Devices with latency/RTT improvements (via, for example, the extended UL TBF mode feature)
are generally available. Also, network upgrades of features are available with certain operators.
With these enhancements the active round-trip time can be reduced, resulting in significant
increase in application-level throughput speeds.
