112 Pre-Medical : Biology ALLEN
BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION
BLOOD
Special connective tissue (Fibre free fluid matrix)
Plasma Formed Elements
l Matrix l Erythrocytes, Leucocytes,
l Straw coloured Platelets
l 55% of blood l 45% of Blood
Erythrocytes/RBC :-
90-92% water Other
l Most Abundant
l Count (Adults) :- 5 – 5.5 million/mm3
Proteins Minerals Nutrients l Formed in red bone marrow
(6-8%) (small amount) (Glucose, Amino l Devoid of nucleus
(Na+, Ca ++, Mg ++, acids, Lipids)
l Biconcave in shape
HCO3–, Cl–)
l Have red coloured, iron containing gases transporting
pigment heamoglobin (12-16 gm Hb/100 ml blood)
Fibrinogen :-
l Average life span = 120 days
l Needed for clotting/coagulation of blood (Destroyed in spleen/graveyard)
(other clotting factor are also present in
plasma in inactive form) Leucocytes/WBC :-
l Relatively less in number
l Serum = Plasma – Clotting factor l Count (Adult) = 6000-8000/mm3
l Colourless due to lack of Hb
l Nucleated
Globulin :- Primarily involved in defence l Life span = short lived
mechanism (Antibodies) l 2 main categories
Granulated
Albumin :- Help in osmotic balance (BCOP)
l Eosinophil = 2-3% = Resist infection,
allergic reactions
l Basophil = 0.5-1% = Histamin,
Serotonin, Heparin
l Involved in flammatory
relation
l Neutrophil = 60-65% = Phagocytic Z:\NODE02\B0B0-BA\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_7\08-BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION_E.P65
Platelets (Thrombocytes) ® Cell fragments Agranulated
l Monocyte (6-8%) = Phagocytic
l Produced from megakaryocytes
(special cells in bone marrow)
l Count = 1.5-3.5 Lakh platelets/mm3
l Involved in coagulation/clotting of blood
l Reduction in their number ® Clotting disorders T
l Lymphocytes (20-25%) = Responsible
(Excessive loss of blood) B for immune response
