Care of Clients with Acute and Chronic Health Problems
Care of Clients with Acute and Chronic Health Problems
Introduction
The changes undergone by the world’s population in food, life expectancy and causes of death
redefined the susceptibility profile of the disease, that is, socioeconomic and cultural changes
reflected in poor eating habits, sedentary lifestyle and consequent overweight. The combination
of these factors to the aging population favored the occurrence of chronic conditions. Chronic
conditions are health problems that require ongoing management over a period of several years
or decades, requiring a certain level of permanent care. They involve both communicable
diseases (for example, HIV/ AIDS) and noncommunicable diseases (for example, cardiovascular
disease, cancer, and diabetes) and longterm mental disorders, physical disabilities and structural
impairments (for example, amputations, blindness and joints disorders).
Summary
Assistance to patients with chronic condition requires professional skills, so that is complex and
not fragmented, although scientific knowledge based on the theoretical foundations of nursing
should be based on the service, the specific knowledge of the needs of patients is necessary,
since there is a weakness, especially emotional, installed. Considering that care is complex and
needs to go beyond prescriptions authors point out that according to the new concepts of chronic
conditions, the quality of life of patients and their families is important, highlighting the patient
role in achieving this goal. The patient is not a passive participant in the treatment; rather it is
considered a “health producer.” The analyzed studies show the need for quality of care of both
health professionals and health institutions. Thus, WHO2 reveals that patients with chronic
problems need more support, not only of biomedical interventions, but require careful planning
and attention able to predict their needs. These individuals need integrated care that involves
time, scenarios and health providers, as well as training to self-management at home. Patients
and their families need support in their communities and comprehensive policies for the
prevention and effective management of chronic conditions. The optimal treatment for chronic
conditions requires a new health care model. The study evaluates the nursing care to patients
with chronic disease, revealing quality in the professionalpatient relationship, particularly about
relational continuity and communication elements that we believe are strongly associated with
the degree of care reported by the patient. These results are consistent with previous studies and
confirm the importance of having time to discuss with patients their needs and expectations, and
to establish a collaborative relationship to support more effectively to manage their chronic
disease
3
Implications
Nursing Student
As a nursing student, in primary care play a key role in checking how well patients are managing
their condition and refer them when appropriate.
Nursing Professions
For patients with acute and chronic diseases educate them, so that they know what they are
going. They need the properly train, knowledge to a patients on how to ,give actions to their
problems. It is vital that patients understand what is going on in their bodies.
Nursing Education
Should show patients how to battle their acute and chronic problems. Educate them and
administer those medications and educate the patients on what to do upon discharge, but without
patients buying into the plan and being active participants, it's all for naught. Patient education is
particularly important in the case of chronic disease management
Nursing Research
Exploring the tools that help nurses distinguish between severity of acute illness and grade
of chronic illness in patients with long-term.
4
Conclusion and Recommendation
Nursing care identified in this study were: diagnosis and nursing interventions, nursing
consultations, practice with the technology, evaluation of care of patients with chronic disease,
health care quality, patient-professional relationship, technical procedures and emotional skills.
We realized how nursing care found followed different content because it is not clear in the
researches addressed the care that was actually approached, as they are numerous and different
approaches which demonstrate a need for standardization in the use of Systematization of
Nursing Care. In spite of the limitations that all work of such nature involves, such as difficulty
in access and dependence on available studies, we believe that there is a need to provoke
reflections in nurses and also in other health professionals regarding the planning and
implementation of care given to individuals with chronic diseases conditions.
5
References
Nursing care for patients with chronic health conditions
