22 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE 1999 NATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
PRINCIPLE NO 1. ALL PREMISES INTENDED FOR HUMAN
HABITATION, OCCUPANCY OR USE SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH
A SUPPLY OF PURE AND WHOLESOME WATER, NEITHER
CONNECTED WITH UNSAFE WATER SUPPLIES NOR SUBJECT
TO HAZARDS OF BACKFLOW OR BACK-SIPHONAGE.
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PRINCIPLE NO2. PLUMBING FIXTURES, DEVICES AND
APPURTENANCES SHALL BE SUPPLIED WITH WATER IN
SUFFICIENT VOLUME AND AT PRESSURE ADEQUATE TO
ENABLE THEM TO FUNCTION SATISFACTORILY AND WITHOUT
UNDUE NOISE UNDER ALL NORMAL CONDITIONS OF USE.
PRINCIPLE NO 3. PLUMBING SHALL BE DESIGNED AND
ADJUSTED TO USE THE MINIMUM QUANTITY OF WATER
CONSISTENT WITH PROPER PERFORMANCE AND CLEANING.
PRINCIPLE NO 4. DEVICES FOR HEATING AND STORING
WATER SHALL BE SO DESIGNED AND INSTALLED AS TO
PREVENT DANGERS FROM EXPLOSION THROUGH
OVERHEATING.
PRINCIPLE NO 5. EVERY BUILDING HAVING PLUMBING
FIXTURES INSTALLED AND INTENDED FOR HUMAN
HABITATION, OCCUPANCY OR USC ON PREMISES ABUTTING
ON A STREET, ALLEY OR EASEMENT WHERE THERE IS A
PUBLIC SEWER, SHALL BE CONNECTED TO THE SEWER
SYSTEM.
PRINCIPLE NO 6. EACH FRUNILY DWELLING UNIT ON
PREMISES ABUTTING ON A SEWER OR WITH A PRIVATE
SEWAGE-DISPOSAL SYSTEM SHALL HAVE AT LEAST ONE
WATER CLOSET AND ONE KITCHEN TYPE SINK. FURTHER, A
LAVATORY AND BATHTUB OR SHOWER SHALL BE INSTALLED
TO MEET THE BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF SANITATION AND
PERSONAL HYGIENE.
PRINCIPLE NO 7. PLUMBING FIXTURES SHALL BE MADE OF
SMOOTH NON-ABSORBENT MATERIAL, FREE FROM
CONCEALED FOULING SURFACES AND SHALL BE LOCATED IN
VENTILATED ENCLOSURES.
PRINCIPLE NO 8. THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM SHALL BE
DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED AND MAINTAINED TO SAFEGUARD
AGAINST FOULING, DEPOSIT OF SOLIDS, CLOGGING AND
WITH ADEQUATE CLEANOUTS SO ARRANGED THAT THE PIPES
MAY BE READILY CLEANED.
PRINCIPLE NO 9. ALL PIPING OF PLUMBING SYSTEMS SHALL
BE OF DURABLE NAMPAP APPROVED MATERIALS, FREE FORM
DEFECTIVE WORKMANSHIP, DESIGNED AND CONSTRUCTED
BY REGISTERED MASTER PLUMBERS TO ENSURE
SATISFACTORY SERVICE.
PRINCIPLE NO 10. EACH FIXTURE DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO
THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM SHALL BE EQUIPPED WITH A WATER-
SEALED TRAP.
PRINCIPLE NO 11. THE DRAINAGE PIPING SYSTEM SHALL BE
DESIGNED TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE CIRCULATION OF AIR
FREE FROM SIPHONAGE, ASPIRATION OR FORCING OF TRAP
SEALS UNDER ORDINARY USE.
PRINCIPLE NO 12. VENT TERMINALS SHALL EXTEND TO THE
OUTER AIR AND INSTALLED TO PRE-EMPT CLOGGING AND
THE RETURN OF FOUL AIR TO THE BUILDING.
PRINCIPLE NO 13. PLUMBING SYSTEMS SHALL BE SUBJECTED
TO SUCH TESTS TO EFFECTIVELY DISCLOSE ALL LEAKS AND
DEFECTS IN THE WORKMANSHIP.
PRINCIPLE NO 14. NO SUBSTANCE WHICH WILL CLOG THE
PIPES, PRODUCE EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE, DESTROY THE PIPES
OR THEIR JOINTS OR INTERFERE UNDULY WITH THE
SEWAGE-DISPOSAL PROCESS SHALL BE ALLOWED TO ENTER
THE BUILDING DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
PRINCIPLE NO 15. PROPER PROTECTION SHALL BE PROVIDED
TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION OF FOOD, WATER, STERILE
GOODS AND SIMILAR MATERIALS BY BACKFLOW OF SEWAGE.
WHEN NECESSARY, THE FIXTURE, DEVICE OR APPLIANCE
SHALL BE CONNECTED INDIRECTLY WITH THE BUILDING
DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
PRINCIPLE NO 16. NO WATER CLOSET SHALL BE LOCATED IN
A ROOM OR COMPARTMENT WHICH HIS NOT PROPERLY
LIGHTED AND VENTILATED.
PRINCIPLE NO 17. IF WATER CLOSETS OR OTHER PLUMBING
FIXTURES ARE INSTALLED IN BUILDINGS WHERE THERE IS
NO SEWER WITHIN A REASONABLE DISTANCE, SUITABLE
PROVISION SHALL BE MADE FOR DISPOSING OF THE
BUILDING SEWAGE BY SOME ACCEPTED METHOD OF SEWAGE
TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL, SUCH AS A SEPTIC TANK.
PRINCIPLE NO 18. WHERE A PLUMBING DRAINAGE SYSTEM
MAY BE SUBJECT TO BACKFLOW OF SEWAGE, SUITABLE
PROVISION SHALL BE MADE TO PREVENT ITS OVERFLOW IN
THE BUILDING.
PRINCIPLE NO 19. PLUMBING SYSTEMS SHALL BE
MAINTAINED IN SERVICEABLE CONDITION BY REGISTERED
MASTER PLUMBERS.
PRINCIPLE NO 20. ALL PLUMBING FIXTURES SHALL BE
INSTALLED PROPERLY SPACED, TO BE ACCESSIBLE FOR
THEIR INTENDED USE.
PRINCIPLE NO 21. PLUMBING SHALL BE INSTALLED BY
REGISTERED MASTER PLUMBERS WITH DUE REGARD TO THE
PRESERVATION OF THE STRENGTH OF STRUCTURAL
MEMBERS AND THE PREVENTION OF DAMAGE TO WALLS AND
OTHER SURFACES THROUGH FIXTURE USAGE.
PRINCIPLE NO 22. SEWAGE OR OTHER WASTE FROM A
PLUMBING SYSTEM WHICH MAY BE DELETERIOUS TO
SURFACE OR SUB-SURFACE WATERS SHALL NOT BE
DISCHARGED INTO THE GROUND OR INTO ANY WATERWAY,
UNLESS FIRST RENDERED INNOCUOUS THROUGH
SUBJECTION TO SOME ACCEPTABLE FORM OF TREATMENT.
MAIN SOURCES OF POTABLE WATER
THERE ARE TWO MAIN SOURCES OF WATER: SURFACE
WATER AND GROUNDWATER. SURFACE WATER IS FOUND IN
LAKES, RIVERS, AND RESERVOIRS. GROUNDWATER LIES
UNDER THE SURFACE OF THE LAND, WHERE IT TRAVELS
THROUGH AND FILLS OPENINGS IN THE ROCKS. THE ROCKS
THAT STORE AND TRANSMIT GROUNDWATER ARE CALLED
AQUIFERS. GROUNDWATER MUST BE PUMPED FROM AN
AQUIFER TO THE EARTH'S SURFACE FOR USE.
CONSUMERS RECEIVE THEIR WATER FROM ONE OF TWO
SOURCES: A PRIVATE WELL, OR A CITY WATER SYSTEM. A
HOUSEHOLD WELL PUMPS GROUNDWATER FOR HOUSEHOLD
USE. THE SOURCE OF A CITY WATER SYSTEM MAY BE EITHER
SURFACE WATER OR GROUNDWATER.
TYPES OF WATER HEATER USED IN THE PHILIPPINES
CONVENTIONAL STORAGE TANK WATER HEATER
THIS STYLE OF WATER HEATER FEATURES A TANK THAT
HOLDS WATER TO BE HEATED. THIS MEANS THAT THE
CAPACITY OF THE TANK DETERMINES HOW MUCH HOT WATER
YOU HAVE AVAILABLE AT ONCE. THE TANK IS INSULATED SO
THAT WHEN THE WATER HEATS UP, IT REMAINS WARM UNTIL
IT IS NEEDED. THIS TANK FEATURES TWO VALVES, THE
TEMPERATURE CONTROL VALVE, AND THE PRESSURE
CONTROL VALVE. THE TEMPERATURE CONTROL VALVE
OPENS TO RELEASE HEAT AND MODERATE TEMPERATURE
WHEN THE WATER REACHES OVER 120 DEGREES
FAHRENHEIT OR 54 DEGREES CELSIUS. THE PRESSURE
RELEASE VALVE OPENS TO LOWER THE PRESSURE WHEN IT
REACHES ABOUT 150 PSI.
TANKLESS COIL WATER HEATER
THIS KIND OF WATER HEATER HAS SUPER-HEATED COILS
AND HEAT WATER IN A FLASH AS YOU NEED IT, WHICH IS
WHY IT IS ALTERNATIVELY KNOWN AS AN ON-DEMAND WATER
HEATER. THIS IS GREAT FOR HEATING WATER QUICKLY,
EVEN FOR LARGE FAMILIES WHO NEED A LARGE AMOUNT OF
HOT WATER AT ONCE.
