Unit-1
1. Explain the generation of DSB-SC wave using a)balanced modulator b)ring
   modulator
2. Describe the detection of AM wave using a)square law detector b)envelope detector
3. Write AM equation. Define modulation index, and percentage modulation
4. A modulating signal consists of a symmetrical triangular wave having zero dc
   component and peak to peak voltage of 12V. It is used to amplitude modulate
5. A carrier wave of frequency 10 MHz and peak value of 10 V is amplitude modulated
   by a 5 KHz sine wave of amplitude 6 V. Determine the modulation index and draw
   the one sided spectrum of modulated wave.
6. Describe the time domain band-pass representation of SSB with necessary sketches.
7. Why VSB system is widely used for TV broadcasting - Explain?
8. Describe the single tone modulation of SSB. Assume both modulating and carrier
   signals are sinusoids. Write SSB equation and plot all the waveforms and spectrums.
9. Explain the coherent detection of SSB signals.
10. Explain the envelope detection of VSB wave plus carrier.
11. Explain with block diagram, the phase discrimination method of generating SSB
   modulated waves.
                                        Unit-2
 1. Describe generation of FM carrier by Transistor reactance modulator with necessary
     diagrams.
 2. Compare the phasor diagram of narrow band FM signal and AM signal and discuss
     about the similarities and differences of the two signals
 3. Compute the bandwidth requirement for the transmission of FM signal having a
     frequency deviation 75 KHz and an audio bandwidth of 10KHz.
 4. An FM radio link has a frequency deviation of 30 kHz. The modulating frequency is
     3 kHz. Calculate the bandwidth needed for the link. What will be the bandwidth if
     the deviation is reduced to 15 kHz?
 5. Explain about FM generation using transistor reactance tube modulator.
 6. Why are limiters and preemphasis filters used in FM radio.
 7. Draw the black diagram of FM stereo broadcast transmitters and explain its
     operation
                                           Unit-3
   1. Explain of the block diagram TRF receiver. Also explain the basic super
      heterodyne principle.
   2. Explain the operation of the double limiter and also AGC in addition to a limier.
   3. Explain the purpose of pre emphasis and de emphasis circuits and the working of
      these circuits.
   4. Distinguish between simple AGC and delayed AGC.
         a. Draw a block diagram of a super-heterodyne receiver and explain the
             function of each stage.
         b. What is meant by the term \tracking error"? Explain.
                                               Unit-4
1. What is meant by Pulse Amplitude Modulation and explain any one-modulation
   technique in detail.
2. What is meant by Pulse Width Modulation Explain the generation of Pulse width
   modulation?
3. What is meant by Pulse Width Modulation Explain the demodulation of
   Pulse width modulation?
4. What is meant by Pulse Position Modulation Explain the generation of
   Pulse Position modulation?
5. What is meant by Pulse Position Modulation Explain the demodulation of
   Pulse Position modulation?
6. Compare the performance of PAM, PWM, and PPM
7. What is Pulse modulation? Explain in brief various types of pulse modulation with
   neat sketches
                 Elaborate how to avoid slope overload distortion in DM.
                 Illustrate the working of Adaptive DPCM with the help of diagram.
                 Illustrate the working of Adaptive DM with the help of diagram.
                 Explain the Companding in Adaptive DM
                 Explain
                 a)Channel Noise
                 b) Quantization noise in DM and derive expression for them?
                 Explain the need for non-uniform quantization in digital
                 communications.
                 Explain the Block diagram of DPCM system.
                 Discuss quantization error? How does it depend upon the step size?
                 Suggest some methods to overcome the difficulties encountered
                 depending on the modulating Amplitude swing?
                                                Unit-5
  Explain in detail about
  i)FSK
  ii)PSK with waveforms and equations
  Determine probability of error for
                                  a) ASK and
                               b) PSK systems.
        a) Explain the demodulation of FSK using coherent detection.
                b) Draw the block diagram of QPSK receiver.
  Explain the generation of PSK signals.
 Explain Differential phase shift keying modulation with neat block
                                    diagram. Draw the wave forms
Explain the working of DPSK modulator and demodulator.
  Explain a Baseband Signal Receiver.
  Explain Optimum Receiver
  With Neat diagram, explain Eye Diagrams
  Explain Cross Talk which occurs in channel?
  Why equalization is necessary in Baseband transmission? Give the block
  diagram of adaptive filter and explain about each element.