LAB 4 Task 1: IPv4 subnetting
IPv4 address : 192.168.192.0/18 Prefix=/18
1. Subnet mask
/18 = 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000
Reference table
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ->Binary
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 ->Decimal
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1 = 255
255.11111111.11000000.00000000 ->1st octet
255.255.11000000.00000000 ->2nd octet
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
128+64+0+0+0+0+0+0 = 192
255.255.192.00000000 ->3rd octet
255.255.192.0 ->4th octet
Subnet mask (snm) = 255.255.192.0
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2. Network/Subnet IP address
192.168.192.0/18
Method 1: Method 2:
192/2 = 96 r 0 168-128 = 40 ->1
96/2 = 48 r 0 40-64 = x ->0
48/2 = 24 r 0 40-32 = 8 ->1
24/2 = 12 r 0 8-16 = x ->0
12/2 = 6 r 0 8-8 = 0 ->1
6/2 = 3 r 0
3/2 = 1 r 1 168 -> 10101000
1/2 = 0 r 1
192 -> 11000000
11000000.10101000.11000000.00000000 ->IPv4 add in binary
AND 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 ->Subnet mask
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11000000.10101000.11000000.00000000 = 192.168.192.0
Subnet IP = 11000000.10101000.11000000.00000000 = 192.168.192.0
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3. Broadcast IP address
11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 -> Subnet mask
00000000.00000000.00111111.11111111 -> Flipped snm
00000000.00000000.00111111.11111111 -> Flipped snm
OR 11000000.10101000.11000000.00000000 -> Subnet IP
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11000000.10101000.11111111.11111111 -> Broadcast IP
Broadcast IP = 11000000.10101000.11111111.11111111 = 192.168.255.255
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4. Host/Usable IP range
Subnet IP = 192.168.192.0
Broadcast IP = 192.168.255.255
192.168.192.1 to 192.168.255.254 -> Host/Usable IP range
(After subnet IP) (Before broadcast IP)
Host/Usable IP range = 192.168.192.1 to 192.168.255.254
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5. Size of network
192.168.192.0/18 ->/18 is prefix
number of 0 in prefix = 32 - 18 = 14
size = 2^14 = 16384 IPs
Size of network = 16384 IPs
PC1 = 192.168.192.2 255.255.192.0
PC2 = 192.168.192.5 255.255.192.0
VLAN 1 = 192.168.255.254 255.255.192.0