ANATOMY MID EXAM
It contains 80 bones, including the skull, spine and rib cage. It forms the central structure of the skeleton, with the function of
protecting the brain, spinal cord, heart and lungs?
axial skeleton
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Also known as breathing, involves both bringing air into the lungs (inhalation) and releasing air to the atmosphere (exhalation)?
external respiration
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It assume responsibility for the developing human, birth, and nursing?
female organs
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Bounded by the pleural sac. This sac has 2 layers: A parietal layer that lines the thoracic cavity and a visceral layer that covers
the lungs. It is fluid filled, which acts as a lubricant?
pleural cavity
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It secretes estrogen and progesterone (hormone that stimulates endometrium thickening). These hormones complete the
endometrium development and maintain the endometrium for 10 to 14 days?
corpus luteum
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The remaining 126 bones and it includes the arms, legs, shoulder girdle and pelvic girdle. The lower portion of the appendicular
skeleton protects the major organs associated with digestion and reproduction and provides stability when a person is walking
or running?
appendicular skeleton
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At the end of the bronchioles are air sacs called
alveoli
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It is the pressure inside the alveoli of the lungs?
Intraalveolar pressure
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A mature human body consists of how many major bones?
206
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Also known as knee cap?
patella
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It is a coiled tube next to each testis, receives sperm from the seminiferous tubules?
epididymis
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It causes the pituitary to release two more hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). FSH
causes the primary oocyte within the follicle to develop into a secondary oocyte?
GnRH
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It is where bones meet one another?
joint
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This type of ossification that begins about six weeks after fertilization. The shape of a human has by this time developed, but
bone does not exist yet, only cartilage. Then ossification occurs with bones forming from all the existing cartilage.?
endochondral ossification
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It is the site where most of the chemical and mechanical digestion is carried out?
small intestine
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It is a lifelong process where old bone is removed from the skeleton and new bone is added?
bone remodeling
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Being protected by the skeletal system?
vital organs
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Forced breathing?
dyspnea
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It is the pressure of the air outside the body?
Atmospheric pressure
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It serve as a storage area for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus?
bones
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Bones that make up the skull, shoulder blades, sternum and ribs. These curved, thin bones protect internal organs and provide
an anchor for muscles?
flat bones
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It is the process of producing offspring for the survival of the species, and passing on hereditary traits from one generation to
the next. The male and female reproductive systems contribute to the events leading to fertilization?
sexual reproduction
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It is the active phase of ventilation because it is the result of muscle contraction?
Inspiration
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Bones that are in the spinal cord and face, which, because of their unique dimension, don't fit in any of the other shape
categories?
Irregular bones
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Also known as female sex cells?
oogenesis
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It is where the major gas exchange happens?
alveoli
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It is a cavity that is inside the lungs. It is open to the atmosphere all the time?
intrapulmonary
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It is where the larger pieces of food get broken down into smaller pieces while being prepared for chemical digestion and it
starts in the mouth and continues in to the stomach?
mechanical digestion
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It is the narrow portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. It contains the growth plate, the part of the
bone that grows during childhood, and as it grows it ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses?
epiphyseal plate
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It is a disease that weakens the bones and can be quite painful as well. It weakens the bones so much that an elderly person can
break a hip or leg by simply standing up?
osteoporosis
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tendons
Muscles are connected to bones by Answer .
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It extends from the end of the ileum to the anus. It is about 5 feet long, being one-fifth of the whole extent of the intestinal
canal?
large intestine
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Bones are connected to each other by
ligaments
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It is the main airway between the mouth and the lungs?
trachea
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Several different enzymes break down macromolecules into smaller molecules that can be more efficiently absorbed. It also
starts with saliva and continues into the intestines?
chemical digestion
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It is the process of letting air out of the lungs during the breathing cycle?
Expiration
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Bones that are found in the arms, legs, fingers and toes. These bones are longer than they are wide and are cylindrical. They
move when the muscles around them contract, and they are the most mobile parts of the skeleton?
Long bones
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It is the process of air flowing into the lungs during inspiration (inhalation) and out of the lungs during expiration (exhalation)?
Pulmonary ventilation
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Hormones that causes the ejection of milk?
Oxytocin
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It is situated between the buttocks, posterior to the perineum. It has two anal sphincters, one internal, the other external. These
hold the anus closed until defecation occurs?
anus
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It is the pressure within the pleural cavity?
intrapleural pressure
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The whole cavity that contains the lungs and heart. It is sealed.
thoracic cavity
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It is the muscular tube in vertebrates through which ingested food passes from the throat to the stomach?
esophagus
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Sub process where old bone is removed from the skeleton?
bone resorption
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Bones that are found in the hands, wrists, feet, ears and knees. These small, round bones are embedded in tendons and protect
them from the great pressure and force they encounter?
Sesamoid bones
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It is made up of bones, ligaments, cartilage, tendons, and other tissues?
skeletal system
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The large tubes, one going to each lungs?
2 major bronchi
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Bodily movement is carried out by the interaction of the muscular and skeletal systems?
functions
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It is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants?
respiratory system
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It is a coiled tube next to each testis, receives sperm from the seminiferous tubules?
epididymis
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Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the cells and blood vessels?
internal respiration
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