HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING
MATERIAL
   Welcome!
   The unit of competency, “Posting Transactions” is one of the
competencies of BOOKKEEPING NC III, a unit “covers the knowledge, skills,
and attitudes in posting transactions manually for all types of business
organizations and business activities”.
   The module, Posting Transactions, contains training materials and
activities related to preparing ledger, transferring journal entries, and
summarizing ledger.
   In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning
activities in order to complete each learning outcome. In each learning
outcome are Information Sheets, Self-Checks, Task Sheets and Job Sheets.
Follow and perform the activities on your own. If you have questions, do not
hesitate to ask for assistance from your trainer.
   Remember to:
      Read Information Sheets and complete the Self Checks. Suggested
       references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
       module.
      Perform the Task Sheets and Job Sheets until you are confident that
       your output conforms to the Performance Criteria Checklist that
       follows the sheets.
      Submit outputs of the Task Sheets and Job Sheets to your trainer for
       evaluation and recording in the Accomplishment Chart. Outputs shall
       serve as your portfolio during the Institutional Competency
       Evaluation. When you feel confident that you have had sufficient
       practice, ask your trainer to evaluate you. The results of your
       assessment will be recorded in your Progress Chart and
       Accomplishment Chart.
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  You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this
competency before moving to another competency.            A Certificate of
Achievement will be awarded to you after passing the evaluation.
      You need to complete this module before you can perform the module
on Preparing Trial Balance.
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              BOOKKEEPING NC III
      COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
                          List of Competencies
No.   UNIT OF COMPETENCY                   MODULE TITLE                CODE
1     Journalize Transactions               Journalizing            HCS412301
                                            Transactions
2        Post Transactions             Posting Transactions       HCS412302
3       Prepare Trial Balance              Preparing Trial        HCS412303
                                              Balance
4     Prepare Financial Reports          Preparing Financial      HCS412304
                                              Reports
5      Review Internal Control           Reviewing Internal       HCS412305
               System                      Control System
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                           MODULE CONTENT
Qualification Title      : Bookkeeping NC III
Unit of Competency       : Post Transactions
Module Title             : Posting Transactions
Introduction
      This unit covers the knowledge, skills, and attitudes in posting
transactions manually. This module includes preparing the ledger,
transferring journal entries, and summarizing ledger.
Learning Outcomes:
     Upon the completion of this module, you must be able to:
     1. Prepare ledger
     2. Transfer journal entries
     3. Summarize ledger
Assessment Criteria:
     1. Ledger for the list of asset, liability, and equity account titles are
        prepared in accordance with the Chart of Accounts.
     2. Ledger for the list of income and expense account titles are
        prepared in accordance with the Chart of Accounts.
     3. Journal entries are transferred in chronological order.
     4. Postings are done with 100% accuracy.
     5. Debits & Credits for each ledger account are added correctly.
     6. Balances are extracted with 100% accuracy.
                 CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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                 LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
LEARNING OUTCOME #2                       TRANSFER JOURNAL ENTRIES
CONTENT:
    Procedures in Transferring Journal Entries to the Ledger
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
  1. Journal entries are transferred in chronological order.
  2. Postings are done with 100% accuracy.
CONDITION:
    The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:
        Competency Based Learning Materials
        Ledger
        Calculator
        Pencil
        Eraser
        PC/ Laptop
        LCD Projector
        Video Clips of Transferring Journal Entries
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
    Written test
    Demonstration with Oral Questioning
    Interview/ Oral Questioning
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                             Learning Outcome 2
                               Post Transactions
                               LEARNING GUIDE
          Learning Steps                                  Resources
1. Read Information Sheet 2.2-1
   Procedures in transferring
                                           Information Sheet 2.2-1
   Journal Entries
2. Answer Self-Check 2.2-1
                                           Self-Check 2.2-1
3. Check answers with Answer Key
   2.2-1                                   Answer Key 2.2-1
4. Listen and watch the lecture-           PC/ Laptop
   demonstration on the actual
   procedures in transferring journal      LCD Projector
   entries.
                                           Powerpoint presentation
                                           Video Clips - Transferring Journal
                                           Entries
                                           Speaker
               CBLMs on        Date Developed:   Document No.
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                                             White board and Marker
                                     Ledger
5. Perform Task Sheet 2.2-1 Transfer
                                     Pencil
   Journal Entries
                                     Eraser
                                     Calculator
6. Evaluate using Performance
   Criteria Checklist 2.2-1          Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-1
                                             After performing the activities of
                                             LO2, you may proceed to LO3.
                        Information Sheet 2.2-1
                      Transferring Journal Entries
Learning Objectives:
      After reading this Information Sheet you should be able to:
   1. identify the procedures in transferring journal entries; and
   2. explain each stepto performin transferring journal entries according to
      accounting principle.
Introduction:
       Intheprevious
lesson,youlearnedhowtoopenaccountsinthegeneralledger.Inthislessonyou
willlearnhowtotransfergeneraljournalentriestotheledger.Recallthatpostin
gistheprocessoftransferringinformationfromthegeneraljournaltoindividual
generalledgeraccounts.
Toprovidecurrentinformationtomanagement,theaccountantfortheJeepdeal
erinyourareaprobablypostsjournalentriestothegeneralledgereveryday.
      The general journal is a sort of business diary containing all of the
transactions of a business. It is not easy to see the effect of changes in an
account by looking at journal entries. To provide a clear picture of how a
business transaction changes an account’s balance, the information in a
journal entry is transferred to the general ledger. This is one of the activities
in posting transactions. The purpose of posting is to show the impact of
                  CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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business transactions on the individual accounts. The ledger is sometimes
called the book of final entry.
      The size of the business, the number of transactions, and whether the
accounting system is manual or computerized all affect how often posting
occurs. Ideally, businesses post daily to keep their accounts up-to-date.
Regardless of how often posting is performed, the process remains the
same.
As in journalizing a transaction, posting to a ledger account is completed
from left to right. Let’s look at a journal entry for Roadrunner that is ready
to be posted to the ledger.
Transferring Journal Entries
      Roadrunner’s first transaction affects two accounts: Cash in Bank and
Maria Sanchez, Capital. The information in the journal entry is transferred
item by item from the journal to each of the accounts affected. As you read
about each step in the posting process, refer to figure below.
      Locate the account to be debited in the ledger; in this example, Cash
in Bank is to be debited.
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1. Enter the date of the journal entry in the Date column of the account
   debited. Use the date of the journal entry, not the date on which the
   posting is done. Write the year and month in the left side of the Date
   column. It is not necessary to write the year and month for other
   postings to the same account on the same page unless the month or
   year changes. The day, however, is always entered.
2. The Description column on the ledger account is usually left blank.
   Some businesses use this space to write in the source document
   number.
             CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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3. In the ledger account Posting Reference (Post. Ref.) column, identify
   where the journal entry is recorded. Enter a letter for the specific
   journal and the journal page number. In this example the letter “G”
   represents the general journal and the “1” indicates page 1 of the
   general journal.
4. Enter the debit amount in the Debit column of the ledger account.
5. Compute and record the new account balance in the appropriate
   balance column. Every amount posted will either increase or decrease
   the balance of that account.
6. Return to the journal and, in the Posting Reference column, enter the
   account number of the ledger account to which you just posted the
   debit part of the journal entry. Be sure it is entered on the same line
   as the debit entry. In this example enter 101 in the Posting Reference
   column on the line for Cash in Bank.
         This step in the posting process is very important. The notation
   in the Posting Reference column of the journal indicates that the
   journal entry has been posted. The posting reference also shows the
   account to which the entry was posted. If the posting process is
   interrupted, perhaps by a telephone call, the posting reference signals
   the point at which posting stopped. Never write an account number in
   the Posting Reference column until after you have posted.
7. Repeat steps 1–6 for the credit part of the journal entry.
   a. Locate the account to be credited. In this example Maria Sanchez,
      Capital, is to be credited.
   b. Enter the date.
   c. Enter the posting reference on the ledger account form. In this
      example, G1 represents the first page of the general journal.
   d. Enter the credit amount.
   e. Compute the new account balance.
   f. Enter the account number in the Posting Reference column of the
      general journal. In the example enter 301 to show that the credit
      was posted to Maria Sanchez, Capital.
             CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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                               Self-Check 2.2-1
A. Enumerate the 6 steps in transferring journal entries.
   1.
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     2.
     3.
     4.
     5.
     6.
B. Directions: David Serlo made the following cash investment in his
   business. Use the six-step process to transfer the entry to the ledger
   accounts in your working papers.
                                              GENERALJOURNAL                     PAGE      1
                                                          POST.
                  DATE              DESCRIPTION            REF.      DEBIT        CREDIT
            1   20--                                                                           1
            2   May      1 CashinBank                     101     10 0 0 0 00                  2
            3                DavidSerlo,Capital           301                   10 0 0 0 00    3
            4                   Memorandum101                                                  4
                                    Answer Key2.2-1
A.
     1. Locate the account to be debitedcredited.
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      2.    Enter the date.
      3.    Enter the posting reference on the ledger account form.
      4.    Enter the debit/credit amount.
      5.    Compute the new account balance.
      6.    Enter the account number in the Posting Reference column of the
            general journal.
B.
 AACCOUNT Cash in Bank                                                   ACCOUNTNO.101
                                       POST.                                   BALANCE
       DATE            DESCRIPTION      REF.    DEBIT      CREDIT      DEBIT             CREDIT
     20--
     May.     1                         G1               10 0 0 0 00                10 0 0 0 00
 AACCOUNT David Serlo, Capital                                           ACCOUNTNO.301
                                       POST.                                   BALANCE
       DATE            DESCRIPTION      REF.    DEBIT      CREDIT      DEBIT             CREDIT
     20--
     May.     1                         G1               10 0 0 0 00                10 0 0 0 00
                                     Task Sheet 2.2-1
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Title:            Transfer Journal Entries
Performance Objective/s:   Given the recorded transactions in a journal,
                     you should be able to transfer entries to ledger for
                     2 hours, following the accounting principles with
                     100% accuracy.
Supplies/ Materials/ Equipment: General Ledger, Pencil, Eraser,
                                Calculator
Steps/Procedures:
   1. Following the 6 steps of posting transactions, transfer the following
      journal entries to general ledger.
     On December 1, 2015, Luisito Banig opens a law office. The chart of
accounts is as follows and the journal entries for the month of December
               CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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are given on the succeeding pages:
                              Chart of Accounts
      100 Assets                                      400 Revenue
      101 Cash                                        401 Legal Fees Income
      102 Accounts Receivable
      103 Equipment
      104 Furniture & Fixture                         500 Expense
      105 Supplies                                    501 Salaries and Wages
                                                      502 Rent Expense
      200 Liabilities                                 503 Advertising Expense
      201 Accounts Payable                            504 Utilities Expense
      202 Loans Payable                               505 Taxes and Licenses
      300 Owner’s Equity
      301 L. Banig, Capital
      302 L. Banig, Drawing
   2. The sequence of accounts in this chart of accounts should be
      observed in opening ledger accounts.
                                    GENERALJOURNAL                         PAGE 1
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                                                                  POST.
      DATE                        DESCRIPTION                                 DEBIT          CREDIT
                                                                   REF.
1    2015                                                                                             1
2    Jan     1   Cash                                                        1 0000                   2
3                  L. Banig, Capital                                                        100000    3
4                       Initial Investment                                                            4
5                                                                                                     5
6            2   Taxes and Licenses                                          10000                    6
7                  Cash                                                                      10000    7
8                       Payment of Mayor’s Permit                                                     8
9                                                                                                     9
10           4   Cash                                                        10000                    10
11               Office Equipment                                            8 0000                   11
12                   L. Banig, Capital                                                       90000    12
13                        Additional Investment                                                       13
14                                                                                                    14
15           10 Furniture and Fixture                                        80000                    15
16                 Accounts Payable                                              0           80000    16
17                     Office desks and chairs bought                                                 17
18                                                                                                    18
19               Cash                                                        75 000                   19
20                  Legal Fees Income                                         0              75000    20
21                      Billings for legal services                                                   21
22                                                                                                    22
23           13 Furniture & Fixture                                           5000                    23
24                 Cash                                                                       5000    24
25                     Desks and tables purchased                                                     25
26                                                                                                    26
27           16 Cash                                                         10000                    27
28              F. Banig, Capital                                                            10000    28
29                      Additional investment                                                         29
30                                                                                                    30
31           20 Advertising Expense                                            9000                   31
32                 Cash                                                                        9000   32
33                       Payment for signboard                                                        33
34                                                                                                    34
35           22 Cash                                                         50000                    35
36              Legal Fees                                                                   50000    36
37                      Collection on January 15 billings                                             37
38                                                                                                    38
39           28 Cash                                                         50000                    39
40                 Loan Payable                                                              50000    40
41                     Loan obtained from BPI                                                         41
42                                                                                                    42
43                                                                                                    43
                       CBLMs on                 Date Developed:      Document No.
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  3. Evaluate your own output using the Performance Criteria Checklist.
  4. Present your work to your trainer.
Assessment Methods:
Demonstration   of   skills   using   Performance      Criteria    Checklist;     Oral
Questioning
              CBLMs on         Date Developed:   Document No.
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              Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-1
                       CRITERIA
                                                                 YES           NO
Journal Entries are transferred in chronological order.
Postings are done with 100% accuracy.
               CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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                              Job Sheet 2.3-1
Title:            Post Transactions
Performance Objective/s:   Given the recorded transactions in a journal,
                     you should be able to prepare the ledger, transfer
                     entries, and summarize ledger for 3 hours
                     according to accounting principles with 100%
                     accuracy.
Supplies/ Materials/ Equipment: General Ledger, Pencil, Ruler,
                                Calculator
Steps/Procedures:
   1. Open ledger accounts. (1) Write the account name at the top of the
      ledger account form; (2) write the account number on the ledger
      account form.
   2. Enter the complete date (year, month, and day). Write the word
      Balance in the Description column.
               CBLMs on        Date Developed:   Document No.
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3. Place a check mark (✓) in the Posting Reference column to show the
   amount entered on this line is not being posted from a journal.
4. Enter the balance in the appropriate Balance column. Usually asset,
   expense, and owner’s withdrawals accounts have debit balances.
   Liability, owner’s capital, and revenue accounts have credit balances.
5. Following the 6 steps of posting transactions,               transfer    the
   followingjournal entries to general ledger.
            CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
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     On December 1, 2015, Felizardo Lissandro opens AB Secretarial
School. The chart of accounts is as follows and the journal entries for the
month of December are given on the succeeding pages:
                              Chart of Accounts
      100 Assets                                      400 Revenue
      101 Cash                                        401 Tuition Fees Income
      102 Accounts Receivable
      103 Equipment                                   500 Expense
      104 Furniture & Fixture                         501 Salaries and Wages
                                                      502 Rent Expense
      200 Liabilities                                 503 Advertising Expense
      201 Accounts Payable                            504 Utilities Expense
      202 Loans Payable                               505 Taxes and Licenses
      300 Owner’s Equity
      301 F. Lissandro, Capital
      302 F. Lissandro, Drawing
   6. The sequence of accounts in this chart of accounts should be
      observed in opening ledger accounts.
               CBLMs on        Date Developed:   Document No.
             Bookkeeping NC    July 17, 2017
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                                                    GENERALJOURNAL                               PAGE 1
                                                                 POST.
      DATE                       DESCRIPTION                                 DEBIT           CREDIT
                                                                  REF.
1    2015                                                                                                 1
2    Dec     1   Cash                                                      8 0 0000                       2
3                  F. Lissandro, Capital                                                    800000        3
4                       Initial Investment                                                                4
5                                                                                                         5
6            2   Taxes and Licenses                                         20000                         6
7                  Cash                                                                      20000        7
8                       Payment of Mayor’s Permit                                                         8
9                                                                                                         9
10           4   Equipment                                                100000                          10
11                  Cash                                                                     25000        11
12                 Accounts Payable                                                          75000        12
13                      Computers bought for cash                                                         13
14                      on account                                                                        14
15                                                                                                        15
16           10 Advertising Expense                                         10000                         16
17                 Cash                                                         0            10000        17
18                      Payment for newspaper ads                                                         18
19                                                                                                        19
20               Cash                                                       5 0000                        20
21                  Tuition Fees Income                                                      50000        21
22                       Tuition Fess Collected                                                           22
23                                                                                                        23
24           11 Furniture & Fixture                                         70000                         24
25                 Cash                                                                      70000        25
26                     Desks and tables purchase                                                          26
27                                                                                                        27
28           12 Cash                                                        50000                         28
29                 F. Lissandro, Capital                                                     50000        29
30                      Additional investment                                                             30
31                                                                                                        31
32           13 Advertising Expense                                           9000                        32
33                 Cash                                                                        9000       33
34                       Payment for signboard                                                            34
35                                                                                                        35
36           15 Salaries and Wages                                          50000                         36
37                 Cash                                                                      50000        37
38                      Payroll, December 1-15                                                            38
39                                                                                                        39
40               Cash                                                     100000                          40
41                  Loan Payable                                                           100000         41
42                      Loan obtained from PNB                                                            42
43                                                                                                        43
                       CBLMs on                Date Developed:      Document No.
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                                                     GENERALJOURNAL                              PAGE 1
                                                                  POST.
      DATE                        DESCRIPTION                                 DEBIT          CREDIT
                                                                   REF.
1    2015                                                                                                 1
2    Dec 16 Accounts Payable (AB Co.)                                        5 0000                       2
3              Cash                                                                          50000        3
4                  Partial Payment of Account                                                             4
5                                                                                                         5
6               F. Lissandro, Drawing                                        40000                        6
7                  Cash                                                                      40000        7
8                        Withdrawal by the Sole Proprietor                                                8
9                                                                                                         9
10           18 Cash                                                         25000                        10
11              Tuition Fees Income                                                          25000        11
12                      Collection from students                                                          12
13                                                                                                        13
14           20 Furniture & Fixture                                          15600                        14
15                 Cash                                                          0           15600        15
16                     Additional desks purchased                                                         16
17                                                                                                        17
18           22 Rent Expense                                                 5 0000                       18
19                  Cash                                                                     50000        19
20                      Payment of December Rental                                                        20
21                                                                                                        21
22           26 Utilities Expense                                            50000                        22
23                   Cash                                                                    50000        23
24                       MERALCO bill, December 1-22                                                      24
25                                                                                                        25
26           28 Salaries and Wages                                           50000                        26
27                 Cash                                                                      50000        27
28                      Payroll, December 16-31                                                           28
29                                                                                                        29
30               Cash                                                          9000                       30
31                 Tuition Fee Income                                                          9000       31
32                       Collection from students                                                         32
33                                                                                                        33
34           29 Accounts Receivable                                          50000                        34
35              Tuition Fee Income                                                           50000        35
36                       Billings made for tuition fees                                                   36
37                                                                                                        37
38               Cash                                                      100000                         38
39               Tuition fees Income                                                       100000         39
40                       Collections                                                                      40
41                                                                                                        41
42                                                                                                        42
                        CBLMs on                Date Developed:      Document No.
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43                                                                                43
     7. Compute account balances. A rule of thumb for finding a new
        balance is that debits are added to debits, credits are added to
        credits, but debits and credits are subtracted.
     8. Evaluate your own output using the Performance criteria
        Checklist.
     9. Present your work to your trainer.
Assessment Methods:
Demonstration of Skills using Performance Criteria Checklist;                   Oral
Questioning
                CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
              Bookkeeping NC   July 17, 2017
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               Performance Criteria Checklist 2.3-1
                       CRITERIA                                  YES           NO
1. Ledger for the list of asset, liability, and equity
   account titles are prepared in accordance with the
   Chart of Accounts.
2. Ledger for the list of income and expense account
   titles are prepared in accordance with the Chart of
   Accounts.
3. Journal entries are transferred in chronological order.
4. Postings are done with 100% accuracy.
5. Debits & Credits for each ledger account are added
   correctly.
6. Balances are extracted with 100% accuracy.
               CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
             Bookkeeping NC   July 17, 2017
                                                Issued by:
                   III
                              COMPILED BY:          TESDA-
                              Mrs. Gemma A.         SNSAT      Page 25 of 29
                Posting          Taninas
                                                Revision No.
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                           OPERATION SHEET 2.3-1
Title:         Perform Basic Calculations Using a Calculator
Performance Objective/s:   Given a scientific calculator, you should be
                     able to perform basic calculations.
Supplies/ Materials/ Equipment : Paper, Pencil, Casio Scientific Calculator
Steps/Procedures:
   1. Before using the calculator, slide its hard case
      downwards to remove it, and then affix the hard
      case to the back of the calculator as shown in the
      illustration below.
   2. Press ON to turn on the calculator.
   3. Perform the following:
         A. Use the +, -, x, and ÷ keys to perform arithmetic calculations.
            Compute the following:
               423 + 225 =
               346 -212 =
               231 x 18 =
               250÷ 50 =
         B. Percent Calculations
            Compute the following:
            150 x 10% =
            250 x 25% =
                  CBLMs on         Date Developed:   Document No.
                Bookkeeping NC     July 17, 2017
                                                     Issued by:
                      III
                                   COMPILED BY:          TESDA-
                                   Mrs. Gemma A.         SNSAT      Page 26 of 29
                   Posting            Taninas
                                                     Revision No.
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         2390 x 35% =
        Compute the following:
          - What percentage of 500 is 50?
          - What percentage of 1000 is 100?
   4. Write all your answers on your paper. You will present this to your
        trainer.
   5. Check your performance using the Performance Criteria Checklist.
   6. Present your work to your trainer.
Assessment Methods:
Demonstration of Skills using Performance Criteria Checklist, Oral
Questioning
               CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
             Bookkeeping NC   July 17, 2017
                                                Issued by:
                   III
                              COMPILED BY:          TESDA-
                              Mrs. Gemma A.         SNSAT      Page 27 of 29
                Posting          Taninas
                                                Revision No.
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              Performance Criteria Checklist 2.3-1
                       CRITERIA
                                                                 YES           NO
Did you remove the cover of the calculator?
Were you able to turn on the calculator easily?
Were you able to press the right number keys?
Were you able to use the basic operations to perform
arithmetic calculations?
Were you able to calculate percentage?
Were you able to compute the answers accurately?
               CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
             Bookkeeping NC   July 17, 2017
                                                Issued by:
                   III
                              COMPILED BY:          TESDA-
                              Mrs. Gemma A.         SNSAT      Page 28 of 29
                Posting          Taninas
                                                Revision No.
              Transactions
                               References:
Books
Mejorada, N., Bookkeeping, JMC Press, Inc., 2000
Wild, J., Fundamental Accounting Principles, McGRAW-HiILL Philippines, 2008
Websites:
www.accountingexplained.com
www.myaccountingcourse.com
www.accountingcoach.com
                CBLMs on       Date Developed:   Document No.
              Bookkeeping NC   July 17, 2017
                                                 Issued by:
                    III
                               COMPILED BY:          TESDA-
                               Mrs. Gemma A.         SNSAT      Page 29 of 29
                 Posting          Taninas
                                                 Revision No.
               Transactions