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Class 09 - Social Science

Term 1 - HIS The French Revolution - 01

1. The duty to protect citizen’s natural rights was vested to whom?

a. Kings
b. Lawyers
c. State
d. Court officials
2. When did Napoleon fight the Battle of Waterloo?
a. 1815
b. 1832
c. 1810
d. 1804
3. Who proposed a form of government based on a social contract between people and their
representatives?
a. Abbe Sieyes
b. John Locke
c. Montesquieu
d. Jean Jacques Rousseau
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4. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
i. A constitution is framed to limit the powers of the king.
ii. Louis XVI becomes king of France.
iii. Convocation of Estates General.
iv. France becomes a republic.
a. iii, i, ii, iv
b. ii, iii, i, iv
c. iv, iii, ii, i
d. ii, i, iv, iii
5. The eye within a triangle radiating light stands for?
a. Responsibility
b. Knowledge
c. Authority
d. Freedom
6. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
i. Louis XVI faces an empty treasury and growing discontent within society.
ii. Napoleon defeated at Waterloo.
iii. The Third Estate forms the National Assembly.
iv. Napoleon becomes emperor of France.
a. ii, iv, i, iii
b. iv, iii, ii, i
c. i, iii, iv, ii
d. iii, i, ii, iv
7. Which of the following work were peasants obliged to perform?
a. To serve in the army

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b. To participate in building roads

c. All of these
d. To work in lord’s house and field
8. The execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette was done at which place?
a. The Palace of Versailles
b. Palais Bourbon
c. Place de la Concorde
d. Palace of Tuileries
9. What was the immediate outcome of the storming of Bastille?
a. Fortress demolished and its stone fragments were sold in the markets as a souvenir.
b. French society was divided into I, II and III estate.
c. New constitution of France was framed.
d. A meeting of the Estates General was called.
10. Who suggested the division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive and
the judiciary?
a. Montesquieu
b. Rousseau
c. John Locke
d. Roget de L’Isle
11. Taille was to be paid directly to?
a. Church
b. State
c. Landlords
d. Kings

For question numbers 12-16, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:
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a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

12. Assertion (A): Clergy and Nobility enjoyed certain privileges and exemptions.
Reason (R): Peasants were obliged to render services to the lords.
13. Assertion (A): The French government decreased the taxes.
Reason (R): To meet the regular expenses such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, and running
the government offices or universities, the state was forced to reduce taxes.
14. Assertion (A): Mirabeau and Abbé Sieyès became the face of the third estate.
Reason (R): They belonged to the third estate so they could represent them properly.
15. Assertion (A): A chain of events followed in France and people in the city and countryside were rioting.
Reason (R): Most of them were protesting against the high price of bread.
16. Assertion (A): The National Assembly was indirectly elected by the highest taxpayers.
Reason (R): It was elected by a group of electors who were chosen by the passive citizens.

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Answer questions 17-20 based on the following case study:

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
In the past, peasants and workers had participated in revolts against increasing taxes and food scarcity. But
they lacked the means and programmes to carry out full-scale measures that would bring about a change in the
social and economic order. This was left to those groups within the third estate who had become prosperous
and had access to education and new ideas. The eighteenth-century witnessed the emergence of social groups,
termed the middle class, who earned their wealth through expanding overseas trade and from the manufacture
of goods such as woollen and silk textiles that were either exported or bought by the richer members of society.
In addition to merchants and manufacturers, the third estate included professions such as lawyers or
administrative officials. All of these were educated and believed that no group in society should be privileged
by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit. These ideas envisaging a society based on
freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and
Jean Jacques Rousseau. In his Two Treatises of Government, Locke sought to refute the doctrine of the divine
and absolute right of the monarch. Rousseau carried the idea forward, proposing a form of government based
on a social contract between people and their representatives. In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu proposed
a division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. This model
of government was put into force in the USA after the thirteen colonies declared their independence from
Britain. The American constitution and its guarantee of individual rights was an important example for political
thinkers in France.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:

17. Which social group emerged in France in the 18th century?

a. Nobility
b. Clergy
c. Middle class
d. Philosophers
18. Refuting the doctrine of divine and absolute right of the monarch was the main idea of ________ which was
made public in his ________.
a. Jean Jacques Rousseau, The Spirit of the Laws
b. John Locke, Two Treatises of Government
c. Montesquieu, The Social Contract
d. None of these
19. Assertion (A): Peasants and workers not successful in bringing about a change in the French social and
economic order.
Reason (R): They lacked the means and programmes to carry out full-scale measures.
a. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is correct but R is wrong.
d. Both A and R are wrong.
20. Match the following:
Column A Column B

A. Two Treatises of Government 1. Legislative, the executive and the judiciary

B. Social contract 2. Form of government between people and their representatives

C. The Spirit of the Laws 3. Doctrine of the divine and absolute right of Monarch

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a. A-1, B-1, C-2

b. A-2, B-1, C-3
c. A-3, B-2, C-1
d. A-1, B-3, C-2

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Term 1 - HIS The French Revolution - 01

Class 09 - Social Science

Solution

1. (c) State
Explanation: It was the duty of the state to protect each citizen’s natural rights.
2. (a) 1815
Explanation: 1815
3. (d) Jean Jacques Rousseau
Explanation: Jean Jacques Rousseau proposed a form of government based on a social contract
between people and their representatives in his book Social Contract.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
4. (b) ii, iii, i, iv
Explanation: ii. 1774: Louis XVI becomes king of France.
iii. 1789: Convocation of Estates General.
i. 1791: A constitution is framed to limit the powers of the king.
iv. 1792-93: France becomes a republic.
5. (b) Knowledge
Explanation: The eye within a triangle radiating light: The all-seeing eye stands for knowledge.
6. (c) i, iii, iv, ii
Explanation: i. 1774: Louis XVI faces empty treasury and growing discontent within society
iii. 1789: Third Estate forms National Assembly
iv. 1804: Napoleon becomes emperor of France
ii. 1815: Napoleon defeated at Waterloo
7. (c) All of these
Explanation: Peasants were obliged to render services to the lord - to work in his house and fields - to
serve in the army or to participate in building roads
8. (c) Place de la Concorde
Explanation: On 21 January, 1793 Louis XVI and his queen Marie Antoinette were executed publicly at
the Place de la Concorde.
9. (a) Fortress demolished and its stone fragments were sold in the markets as a souvenir.
Explanation: The Bastille was hated by all because it stood for the despotic power of the king. The
fortress was demolished and its stone fragments were sold in the markets to all those who wished to
keep a souvenir of its destruction.
10. (a) Montesquieu
Explanation: Montesquieu
11. (b) State
Explanation: Taille was a kind of tax to be paid directly to the state
12. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The Old Regime of France had a society of estates, which was part of the feudal system
of the middle ages. The members of the first two estates, that is, the clergy and the nobility,
enjoyed certain privileges by birth. The most important of these was the exemption from paying
taxes to the state. The nobles further enjoyed feudal privileges. These included feudal dues, which they
extracted from the peasants, members of the third estate. Peasants were obliged to render services to
the lord – to work in his house and fields – to serve in the army or to participate in building roads.

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13. (d) Both A and R are incorrect

Explanation: To meet the regular expenses such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, and
running the government offices or universities, the state was forced to increase taxes.
14. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Mirabeau and Abbé Sieyès led the representatives of the third estate who viewed
themselves as spokesmen for the whole French nation. They formed National Assembly and swore not
to disperse till they had drafted a constitution for France that would limit the powers of the monarch.
Mirabeau was born in a noble family but was convinced of the need to do away with a society of
feudal privilege. He brought out a journal and delivered powerful speeches to the crowds assembled at
Versailles. Abbé Sieyès, originally a priest, wrote an influential pamphlet called ‘What is the Third
Estate’?
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Followed by the demolition of Bastille in July 1789, France saw more rioting both in Paris
and the countryside. Most people were protesting against the high price of bread. It was the beginning
of a chain of events that ultimately led to the execution of the king in France, though most people at the
time did not anticipate this outcome.
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16. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The Constitution of 1791 vested the power to make laws in the National Assembly, which
was indirectly elected. That is, citizens voted for a group of electors, who in turn chose the Assembly.
Not all citizens, however, had the right to vote. Only men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to
at least 3 days of a laborer’s wage were given the status of active citizens, that is, they were entitled to
vote. The remaining men and all women were classed as passive citizens. To qualify as an elector and
then as a member of the Assembly, a man had to belong to the highest bracket of taxpayers.
17. (c) Middle class
18. (b) John Locke, Two Treatises of Government
19. (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
20. (c) A-3, B-2, C-1

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