Scheme  homographs: Words that are identical in spelling but

 accumulation: Summary of previous arguments in a different in origin and meaning

forceful manner  homonyms: Words that are identical with each other in
 adnomination: Repetition of a word with a change in pronunciation and spelling, but differing in origin and
letter or sound meaning
 alliteration: Series of words that begin with the same  homophones:Words that are identical with each other in
consonant or sound alike pronunciation but differing in origin and meaning
 anacoluthon: Change in the syntax within a sentence  hypallage: Changing the order of words so that they are
 anadiplosis: Repetition of a word at the end of a clause associated with words normally associated with others
at the beginning of another  hyperbaton: Schemes featuring unusual or inverted
 anaphora: Repetition of the same word or group of word order
words at the beginning of successive clauses  hyperbole: Exaggeration of a statement
 anastrophe: Inversion of the usual word order  hysteron proteron: The inversion of the usual temporal
 anticlimax: Arrangement of words in order of or causal order between two elements
decreasing importance  isocolon: Use of parallel structures of the same length
 antimetabole: Repetition of words in successive in successive clauses
clauses, in reverse order  internal rhyme: Using two or more rhyming words in
 antistrophe: Repetition of the same word or phrase at the same sentence
the end of successive clauses (see epistrophe)  kenning: A metonymic compound where the terms
 antithesis: Juxtaposition of opposing or contrasting together form a sort of anecdote
ideas  merism: Referring to a whole by enumerating some of
 aphorismus: Statement that calls into question the its parts
definition of a word  non sequitur: Statement that bears no relationship to the
 aposiopesis: Breaking off or pausing speech for context preceding
dramatic or emotional effect  onomatopoeia: Word that imitates a real sound (e.g.
 apostrophe: Directing the attention away from the tick-tock or boom)
audience and to a personified abstraction  paradiastole: Repetition of the disjunctive pair "neither"
 apposition: Placing of two elements side by side, in and "nor"
which the second defines the first  parallelism: The use of similar structures in two or
 assonance: Repetition of vowel sounds, most more clauses
commonly within a short passage of verse  paraprosdokian: Unexpected ending or truncation of a
 asteismus: Facetious or mocking answer that plays on a clause
word  parenthesis: Insertion of a clause or sentence in a place
 asyndeton: Omission of conjunctions between related where it interrupts the natural flow of the sentence
clauses  paroemion: Resolute alliteration in which every word in
 cacophony: Juxtaposition of words producing a harsh a sentence or phrase begins with the same letter
sound  parrhesia: Speaking openly or boldly, or apologizing
 cataphora: Co-reference of one expression with another for doing so (declaring to do so)
expression which follows it (example: If you need one,  perissologia: The fault of wordiness
there's a towel in the top drawer.)  pleonasm: Use of superfluous or redundant words
 classification (literature & grammar): Linking a proper  polyptoton: Repetition of words derived from the same
noun and a common noun with an article root
 chiasmus: Word order in one clause is inverted in the  polysyndeton: Repetition of conjunctions
other (inverted parallelism).  pun: When a word or phrase is used in two different
 climax: Arrangement of words in order of increasing senses
importance  sibilance: Repetition of letter 's', it is a form of
 commoratio: Repetition of an idea, re-worded alliteration
 consonance: Repetition of consonant sounds, most  sine dicendo: A statement that is so obvious it need not
commonly within a short passage of verse be stated; when uttered almost seems pointless (e.g. 'You
 dystmesis: A synonym for tmesis can never save too much')
 ellipsis: Omission of words  superlative: Saying something the best of something i.e.
 enallage: Substitution of forms that are grammatically the ugliest,the most precious
different, but have the same meaning  spoonerism: Interchanging of (usually initial) letters of
 enjambment: Breaking of a syntactic unit (a phrase, words with amusing effect
clause, or sentence) by the end of a line or between two  symploce: Simultaneous use of anaphora and
verses epistrophe: the repetition of the same word or group of
 enthymeme: Informal method of presenting a syllogism words at the beginning and the end of successive clauses
 epanalepsis: Repetition of the initial word or words of a  synchysis: Interlocked word order
clause or sentence at the end of the clause or sentence  synesis: Agreement of words according to the sense,
 epistrophe: Repetition of the same word or group of and not the grammatical form
words at the end of successive clauses. The counterpart of  synizesis: Pronunciation of two juxtaposed vowels or
anaphora (also known as antistrophe) diphthongs as a single sound
 euphony: Opposite of cacophony - i.e. pleasant  synonymia: Use of two or more synonyms in the same
sounding clause or sentence
 hendiadys: Use of two nouns to express an idea when  tautology: Redundancy due to superfluous
the normal structure would be a noun and a modifier qualification; saying the same thing twice
 hendiatris: Use of three nouns to express one idea  tmesis: Division of the elements of a compound word
 zeugma: The using of one verb for two actions
Tropes  hysteron proteron: Reversal of anticipated order of
Main article: Trope (linguistics) events; a form of hyperbaton
 allegory: Extended metaphor in which a story is told to  innuendo: Having a hidden meaning in a sentence that
illustrate an important attribute of the subject makes sense whether it is detected or not
 alliteration: Repetition of the first consonant sound in a  invocation: Apostrophe to a god or muse
phrase.  irony: Use of word in a way that conveys a meaning
 allusion: Indirect reference to another work of literature opposite to its usual meaning
or art  kataphora: Repetition of a cohesive device at the end
 anacoenosis: Posing a question to an audience, often  litotes: Emphasizing the magnitude of a statement by
with the implication that it shares a common interest with denying its opposite
the speaker  malapropism: Using a word through confusion with a
 antanaclasis: A form of pun in which a word is repeated word that sounds similar
in two different senses  meiosis: Use of understatement, usually to diminish the
 anthimeria: Substitution of one part of speech for importance of something
another, often turning a noun into a verb  merism: Statement of opposites to indicate reality
 anthropomorphism: Ascribing human characteristics to  metalepsis: Referring to something through reference to
something that is not human, such as an animal or a god another thing to which it is remotely related
(see zoomorphism)  metaphor: Stating one entity is another for the purpose
 antimetabole: Repetition of words in successive of comparing them in quality
clauses, but in transposed grammatical order  metonymy: Substitution of a word to suggest what is
 antiphrasis: Word or words used contradictory to their really meant
usual meaning, often with irony  neologism: The use of a word or term that has recently
 antonomasia: Substitution of a phrase for a proper name been created, or has been in use for a short time. Opposite
or vice versa of archaism
 aphorism: Tersely phrased statement of a truth or  onomatopoeia: Words that sound like their meaning
opinion, an adage  oxymoron: Using two terms together, that normally
 apophasis: Invoking an idea by denying its invocation contradict each other
 aporia: Deliberating with oneself, often with the use of  parable: Extended metaphor told as an anecdote to
rhetorical questions illustrate or teach a moral lesson
 apostrophe: Addressing a thing, an abstraction or a  paradox: Use of apparently contradictory ideas to point
person not present out some underlying truth
 archaism: Use of an obsolete, archaic, word(a word  paradiastole: Extenuating a vice in order to flatter or
used in olden language, e.g. Shakespeare's language) soothe
 auxesis: Form of hyperbole, in which a more important  paraprosdokian: Phrase in which the latter part causes a
sounding word is used in place of a more descriptive term rethinking or reframing of the beginning
 catachresis: Mixed metaphor (sometimes used by  parallel irony: An ironic juxtaposition of sentences or
design and sometimes a rhetorical fault) situations (informal)
 circumlocution: "Talking around" a topic by  paralipsis: Drawing attention to something while
substituting or adding words, as in euphemism or pretending to pass it over
periphrasis  paronomasia: A form of pun, in which words similar in
 commiseration: Evoking pity in the audience sound but with different meanings are used
 correctio: Linguistic device used for correcting one's  pathetic fallacy: Using a word that refers to a human
mistakes, a form of which is epanorthosis action on something non-human
 denominatio: Another word for metonymy  periphrasis: Using several words instead of few
 double negative: Grammar construction that can be  personification/prosopopoeia/anthropomorphism:
used as an expression and it is the repetition of negative Attributing or applying human qualities to inanimate
words objects, animals, or natural phenomena
 dysphemism: Substitution of a harsher, more offensive,  praeteritio: Another word for paralipsis
or more disagreeable term for another. Opposite of  procatalepsis: Refuting anticipated objections as part of
euphemism the main argument
 epanorthosis: Immediate and emphatic self-correction,  prolepsis: Another word for procatalepsis
often following a slip of the tongue  proslepsis: Extreme form of paralipsis in which the
 enumeratio: A form of amplification in which a subject speaker provides great detail while feigning to pass over a
is divided, detailing parts, causes, effects, or consequences topic
to make a point more forcibly  proverb: Succinct or pithy expression of what is
 epanados: Repetition in a sentence with a reversal of commonly observed and believed to be true
words. Example: The Sabbath was made for man, not man  pun: Play on words that will have two meanings
for the Sabbath  repetition: Repeated usage of word(s)/group of words in
 erotema: Synonym for rhetorical question the same sentence to create a poetic/rhythmic effect
 euphemism: Substitution of a less offensive or more  rhetorical question: Asking a question as a way of
agreeable term for another asserting something. Or asking a question not for the sake
 hermeneia: Repetition for the purpose of interpreting of getting an answer but for asserting something (or as in a
what has already been said poem for creating a poetic effect)
 hyperbaton: Words that naturally belong together are  satire: Use of irony, sarcasm, ridicule, or the like, in
separated from each other for emphasis or effect exposing, denouncing, or deriding vice, folly, etc. A
 hyperbole: Use of exaggerated terms for emphasis literary composition, in verse or prose, in which human
 hypophora: Answering one's own rhetorical question at folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision, or ridicule. A
length literary genre comprising such compositions
  simile: Comparison between two things using like or as
 snowclone: Quoted or misquoted cliché or phrasal
template
 superlative: Saying that something is the best of
something or has the most of some quality, e.g. the ugliest,
the most precious etc.
 syllepsis: Form of pun, in which a single word is used
to modify two other words, with which it normally would
have differing meanings
 syncatabasis (condescension, accommodation):
adaptation of style to the level of the audience
 synecdoche: Form of metonymy, in which a part stands
for the whole
 synesthesia: Description of one kind of sense
impression by using words that normally describe another.
 tautology: Needless repetition of the same sense in
different words Example: The children gathered in a round
circle
 transferred epithet: Placing of an adjective with what
appears to be the incorrect noun
 truism: a self-evident statement
 tricolon diminuens: Combination of three elements,
each decreasing in size
 tricolon crescens: Combination of three elements, each
increasing in size
 zeugma: A figure of speech related to syllepsis, but
different in that the word used as a modifier is not
compatible with one of the two words it modifies
 zoomorphism: Applying animal characteristics to
humans or gods