BICOL REGION V
Bicol (Central Bicolano: Rehiyon nin Bikol/Kabikolan/Bicolandia ; Rinconada Bicol: Rehiyon ka Bikol ; Tagalog: Kabikulan ),
also known as Bicol Region, is an administrative region of the Philippines, designated as Region V. Bicol comprises
six provinces, four on the Bicol Peninsula mainland (the southeastern end of Luzon) – Albay, Camarines Norte,
Camarines Sur, and Sorsogon – and the offshore island provinces of Catanduanes and Masbate.
The regional center and largest city is Legazpi City. The region is bounded by the Lamon Bay to the north, Philippine
Sea to the east, and the Sibuyan Sea and Ragay Gulf to the west. The northernmost provinces, Camarines
Norte and Camarines Sur, are bordered to the west by the province of Quezon
BASKET MATERIALS
RAW MATERIALS INCLUDE A WIDE RANGE OF PLANT FIBERS INCLUDING ROOTS, CANE, TWIGS, AND GRASSES; REEDS,
RAFFIA, AND BASKET WILLOWS MAY BE THE BEST KNOWN. CONCENTRATED CLOTH DYES ARE ALSO USED IN SOME TYPES
OF MANUFACTURE, AND VEGETABLE DYES ARE SOMETIMES MADE BY HOBBYISTS TO REPRODUCE UNIQUE COLORATIONS
IMITATING HISTORIC BASKETS. WOOD IS ALSO USED FOR SOME DESIGNS, PARTICULARLY WHEN THE TYPE OF BASKET
NEEDS A SOLID BOTTOM AND FOR SOME TYPES OF HANDLES. OTHER THAN RAW MATERIALS, THE BASKET MAKER NEEDS
TOOLS LIKE SAWS, AWLS, PLANES, KNIVES, AND BEATERS FOR HAMMERING OR BENDING PIECES OF WILLOW. A TUB IS
REQUIRED FOR SOAKING FIBERS. IF COILED BASKETS ARE TO BE MADE, SEWING TOOLS LIKE BLUNT TAPESTRY NEEDLES
AND THREAD ARE REQUIRED. THE MANUFACTURER ALSO NEEDS PATTERNS OR DESIGNS. FOR THE HOBBYIST, MANY OF
THESE ITEMS CAN BE PURCHASED IN BASKET-MAKING KITS.
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The Manufacturing
Process
Many baskets are made in very standard shapes and sizes, some unique to various
parts of the world, and they look so much alike that they could have come from machines. They are indeed mass-produced objects but made by hand.
1. The process begins by choosing a design or standard pattern including shape and size. Materials are also gathered or purchased, and the necessary tools for working those materials are assembled. If
the fibers are such that they need to be soaked, then soaking is done in advance of basket making, depending on the nature of the fiber. Fibers are also dyed in advance of weaving or coiling.
2. If the design calls for a wood base, the base is shaped, and holes are bored in the wood to accommodate the spokes forming the sides of the basket.
3.A basket is built from the ground up. Its base or bottom is made first. For a round basket with a flat bottom (as an example of any of hundreds of types of baskets that may be manufactured), the base
is made by laying out a series of spokes that are stiff and work like rods to support more flexible woven material. Other rods called weavers are woven in and out among the spokes; the weavers are
lighter, thinner, and more flexible, so that they can be woven and so they won't be strong enough to distort the spokes.
4.The sides of this kind of basket can be formed in either of two ways. Initially, the spokes for the base can be cut to be long enough to form the sides as well. When the base is finished, the spokes are
soaked to soften them, squeezed with pliers at the perimeter of the base, and then bent up to form the sides.
5. The sides are also formed by cutting side spokes and weaving them down through the base perimeter fibers and then up again so they form side spokes. Side spokes are essential if the base spokes
are large. The sides are then woven with flexible weavers that are passed over and under the side spokes. Again, these weavers need to be smaller than the material forming the spokes so the spokes
are not distorted. The side spokes are longer than the finished basket is tall; the remaining ends of the spokes are used to finish the top edge of the basket with a border. The spoke ends need to be
soaked before the border can be made so the spokes can more easily be woven in and out of each other and the ends turned down into the basket sides.
6.The handle of the basket is chosen of the best available reed to be strong, durable, attractive, and relatively smooth to the touch so it can be held. The ends of the handle reeds are soaked in water
and threaded down into the sides of the basket. The over-lap has to be long enough to prevent the handle from pulling out of the sides when the basket is filled and used.
7. If the basket has a lid, the lid is made in the same manner as the base, but the rods and weavers should be of the same sizes as those in the sides of the basket to match the appearance of the basket.
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BANIG
PROCESS
Pagbulad
1.The pagpalpag or the hammering phase is gradually done by beating the bariw leaves against a flat stone until
they become soft and pliable with the use of a wooden club known as sampok. In some cases, bariw leaves are
softened with an improvised roller log made of tree or coconut trunk that works like a rolling pin.
Pagkulhad
2.Pagkyupis is the preparatory process to the weaving proper. Generally, bariw strands are folded into halves.
Every kyupis consists of four strands, folded together in pairs; horizontally and vertically, with the glossy brown
color in the outer surface.
Taytay is the framework of the entire mat.
MATERIAL FOR WEAVING
Colorful strips of grass interlaced at right angles forming state-of the-art handicrafts; Weaving paved its
way to become one of our world’s renowned art which have generated thousands of jobs to people
ever since antiquity. It became an integral part of every culture in the whole world which promotes
their respective identity and the gift of skills and artistry they possess.
PRESENTORS
MERRY ANN EXCHAURE BORADO
AND
JULIAN I. CALISA
