Background:

Bangladesh’s economy is greatly supported by the workers remittances sent from the
foreign countries such as the Middle Eastern and European countries which helps the
government to generate a great percentage of revenue for the development of the country.
Over the years as new markets opened up for the workers new employment opportunities are
being created as well as the government of the countries are trying to ensure safe and good
migration policies through negotiation. Thus the number of workers migrating have been on
the rise as we can see an increase in the percentage of the migrating workers. But however
due to employee exploitation and unskilled labor has made our workers less lucrative for
instance 50% of the workers that were sent overseas between 1976-2015 were unskilled. Last
year 43% of the overseas employment were of unskilled labor leading to lower demand of
our workers In the international market.
Main Issue : Are the workers ensured the welfare rights and proper wages even though the
government treaties and labor agreements are made to ensure their safety and needs?

Justification of PESTLE
We are doing PESTLE analysis in the case of developing Bangladeshi Workers for the
development of the world because we have found all the relevant issues like political,
economical social and some other external factors in this case. PESTLE is about the six
macro-environmental influences affecting businesses, products, and locations, it gives people
much-needed insight about policies, economics, technologies, and so forth. It also shows
limitations, regulations, and attitudes regarding a product or service. It offers people
professionals insight into the external factors impacting the specific industry. The analysis is
flexible, so this industry can use it in a range of different scenarios.
We should use PESTLE analysis for this case. As mentioned previously, PESTLE analysis
discusses the influence of political, economic, social, legal and environmental impacts,
basically, influences everything that are external. In this case, we are studying about an
industry that is on a macro scale. It includes the government’s role, how the economy is
affected along with society’s reaction and contributions, the passed legislations and the
environmental factors. The case provides all the components that influence everything on a
macro scale and hence PESTLE analysis is more appropriate.
PESTLE Analysis:
Political:
The Ministry of Labor and Employment is the government ministry of Bangladesh
responsible for the employment, to protect and safeguard the interest of workers and human
resource development.
The foreign relations share the Bangladeshi government's policies in its external relations
with the international community. The country pursues a moderate foreign policy that places
heavy reliance on multinational diplomacy, especially at the United Nations and World Trade
Organization (WTO). Since independence in 1971, the country has stressed its principle of
"Friendship towards all, malice towards none" in dictating its diplomacy. As a member of the
Non-Aligned Movement, Bangladesh has tended to not take sides with major powers. Since
the end of the Cold War, the country has pursued better relations
It was found that many employers were ignoring employment law. Some companies were not
paying their workers the minimum wage, while others forced workers to work longer than
legally permitted under the working time directive. It can be very difficult for migrant
workers to get legal advice when they have problems at work. This is partly due to language
barriers. Many also fear losing their jobs if they complain. Like other low paid workers, they
rely on legal advice, paid for by the government through legal aid. Reduced funding for legal
aid and for immigration advice in particular has resulted in fewer solicitors taking on legal
aid cases. Many migrant workers seeking help have been turned away.
Some countries like Japan have shown interest in hiring trained workers from Bangladesh
and within a matter of days an MOU will be signed between Bangladesh and Japan. If the
workers have a good chance of becoming qualified through the assistance of the government
in Bangladesh, then they the go to Japan as a skilled worker with regional neighbors.
political changes that limit the access of Bangladeshi migrants to overseas labor markets,
such as the restriction of male labor migrants in the United Arab Emirates (in 2012)
Since Migrant workers are given or they work for far less payment than the permanent or
country workers, the migrants are accused of under cutting the pay level. The British workers
are not happy with the migrants since they tend to steal all their work for a little
compensation. But if there was a fair negotiated pay rates then this type of misfortune would
not arise.
 Economical:
Remittances now form an important part of household livelihood strategies. The remittances
sent by the migrant workers have grown over time. It has increase from US$ 1217.06 million
(1995-96) to US$ 1097.00 million (2009-2010). The cumulative receives from Bangladeshi
migrants during 1976-2010 stood at around US$ 78.67 billion.
Bangladesh maintained a healthy growth in remittances through the formal channel. The
trend of remittance has accelerated in recent years from $2.07 billion in 2001 to $11.00
billion in 2010, an average growth of 43 percent per annum, even in the global financial
meltdown. The oil-rich Middle Eastern countries with more than 80 percent of the total stock
of Bangladesh migrants accounts for a lion’s share of remittances.
Remittances in Bangladesh arise as a poverty alleviating policy tool. It contributes directly in
broadening the opportunities to increase incomes. It allows households to increase their
consumption of local goods and services. At the community level, remittances generate
multiplier effects in the local economy, creating jobs and spurring new economic and social
infrastructure and services. At the national level, remittances provide foreign currency and
contribute significantly to GDP.
The remittance has significant microeconomic impact at household level. The
macroeconomic impact of remittances at household level partially depends on the 1 Crore is a
local counting slab equal to 10 million whether they constitute the rural poor, or the more
educated sectors of the population generally residing in urban areas.
According to a news article from the website Mashable released in 2015, it stated that
reported that 26% of the Bangladeshi American community lived under the poverty line. This
is much higher than the USA average of 16% according to data released by the Economic
Policy Institute in 2011. Many of these Bangladeshis were taxicab drivers, while others had
white-collar occupations. In Atlantic City s some got into casinos
The migration cost for women workers to go to Saudi Arab is now zero, said the expatriates’
welfare and overseas employment minister of Bangladesh has sent 2, 49,528 workers
overseas and received $4,530.46 million as remittance till 2018.
Gradually more women are migrating on their own as principal wage-earners. They tend to
take jobs in what are familiar to the female occupations so their experience is gendered as
well. Many women who migrate find themselves at risk of gender-based violence and
exploitation.
Human development includes construction and development of schools, colleges, health
centers, water supply and sanitation, rural electrification etc. Migration also helps
development or strengthening of family values and social norms and traditions which have a
positive trend on human development. A study shows that the higher the skill and education
level of the expatriates the lower their ties with the host country and incidence of sending
remittances back home. About 97 percent of the Bangladeshi overseas workers are outside
professional categories; they have strong ties with home and tend to send a significant portion
of their remittance back to Bangladesh.
During migration the total income of migrant households increased by 119 percent. A
significant portion of remittance is used for purchase of land and home construction. While
going abroad a migrant worker usually manages the fund for his migration either by selling
land or mortgaging land. So to retrieve the sold or mortgaged land some portion of remittance
is used.
 Social
For workers working abroad, life is not so easy. It's lonely and sad by leaving their families
and others occasionally. For the people in the Middle East, in particular. Around 1,500
Bangladeshi, who have not been paying to Saudi Ogre in the past eight months, have recently
increased efforts to evacuate or arrange for the workers in their strands who suffer from a
food shortage and deteriorating conditions. The latter is the case with many migrant workers'
countries of origin.
A great majority of immigrants are living under poverty line. It does not necessarily mean
that they were poor for their whole lives before being immigrants either. Since many of them
could not take most of their belongings due to the emergence of the conflict, immigrants left
their assets in the source countries. Bangladesh nationals in foreign countries usually lived
immediately across the Turkish borders and those cities are in ruins now. Home and
workplace owners have lost them. Immigration of Syrians and Iraqis is different from this
perspective where other nationalities generally are in Turkey because of employment
opportunities or travelling to bordering European Union countries.
According to the 2015 website news report from Mashable, 26% of the American population
in Bangladesh lived under poverty line. According to data released by the Economic Policy
Institute in 2011, this is much higher than the USA average of 16%. Many of these
Bangladeshi drivers were taxis while others had occupations of white collars. Some have
entered casinos in Atlantic City.
Bangladesh Migrant workers have difficulty communicating in different languages. This
creates problems with understanding important documents such as contracts of employment,
company rules and notices. Migrant workers are often unaware of their rights in the
workplace. The language barrier also affects the migrants outside the workplace. It causes
difficulties in shops, accessing housing and education and understanding the welfare system.
Not being able to understand cultural issues such as behavior and customs is another big
factor. Together these problems make many migrant workers feel socially excluded from
English-speaking co-workers.
Human development includes construction and development of schools, colleges, health
centers, water supply and sanitation, rural electrification etc. Migration also helps
development or strengthening of family values and social norms and traditions which have a
positive trend on human development.
At the micro level, the contribution of migration to poverty reduction is notable, with
remittances boosting household consumption and savings significantly. The World Bank
(2012), using the Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010, showed that the monthly
income, consumption, and savings were on average 82%, 38% and 107% higher,
respectively, for remittance receiving households than households not receiving.
Technological:
 Automation: As the world is getting technologically advanced, so our workers will
not need to work so hard to earn their money like before.
 Fast money transferring: Advances in online money transfers enable migrant
workers to send money home easily and securely. This makes them more willing to
migrate.
 Advanced telecommunication: Improvements in telecommunications have made it
easier for potential migrants to discover what job opportunities are available. Through
online chat rooms, they gain information and advice from other migrants from their
own country and can keep in contact with friends and family in their home countries.
 Flow of Information: The internet made all the information available to the people of
our country, which will help them to make better decision for their migration.
 Lower transportation cost: the transportation cost of going abroad is decreased in a
very affordable price which is also affordable for the migrant workers.

Legal:
 New Laws: the labors are used to with the laws with of our country but when they
will move to other country, they will face new laws and new regulation.
 Powerful employers: In abroad some employer doesn’t maintain any regulations. For
this our government also banned some of the employer companies to export labor
from our country.
 Sacking policy: In most of the countries like Malaysia, Dubai, Kuwait etc. countries
return back many of our employees all of a sudden and this situation makes them
unemployed, so there must be a rule so that migrating labors can’t be sacked without
any reason.
 Migrant workers are still not aware of their right. Including this they are also deprived
of it. Government needs to put emphasis on it.
 Sometimes many labors face some major accidents in that time migrated countries
should ensure proper treatments to ensure their early recovery.

Environmental:
 Immigrant workers employed in natural resources, construction, and maintenance
often work outside and are subject to extreme weather exposure, which can increase
their risk of lightning strikes, sun exposure, heat-related illness and death.
 Bangladesh Migrant workers are less likely to have a permanent job contract than are
native-born workers, and studies have shown greater reporting of poorer health to be
associated with the lack of a permanent job contract.
 In Middle East countries an estimated three-quarters of the workforce is made up of
immigrants. These workers experience high rates of injury related to High
temperatures and frequent contact with ice cold water.
 Heat-related illness is a common result of high ambient temperatures for workers in
agriculture where farmworkers are four times more likely than workers in other
industries to experience heat-related illnesses.
 Exposure to dangerous chemicals is common in many of the industries in which
immigrants work.
 UNION MANAGEMENT AGENDA
As a Union we demand for ensuring safe immigration of Bangladeshi labors. Social
awareness is essential to ensure safe immigration because many workers are going
abroad without receiving proper knowledge. Many immigrants take jobs in industries
unfamiliar to them. As such workplace safety training is critical. However, immigrant
workers frequently report not receiving any safety training on the job and the training
that they do receive can be of poor quality. The government has a plan to explore new
labor markets as well as open new labor wings, where a significant number of
Bangladeshi workers are employed, for ensuring their welfare. As a union we want from
management that they must ensure that they have the internal capacity to successfully
manage employees from an increasingly diverse workforce.
As a Union we demand for developing a plan to overcome barriers about language
and cultures that exist. There are languages barrier between the workers. More than
half of
the migrant workers are not able to understand the contracts of their work due to lack of
understanding in either English or country’s language. Therefore, it becomes easy for
the agents to promise them high wages than they actually received. Sometimes, they
are forced to work over normal working time without proper payments. Bangladeshi
migrant workers face various problems in their workplace in other countries due to new
languages, types of work that they are doing for first time in life, culture, ways of doing
work (e.g., usages of new technologies), and many more. So, we demand to the
management to develop an understanding of their own internal culture.
As a Union we demand for Safety Equipment in Workplace Ensures the Safe
Workplace for Workers. Many big companies in Malaysia, Singapore, Qatar, and
Saudi Arabia do not provide the safety equipment to the workers in the
workplace. Even the companies do not provide the proper medical treatment to
the employees. This creating the dissatisfaction among the workers in the
workplace as employees are getting sick and returning into Bangladesh. We
demand to ensure providing proper medical treatment to each employee going
from Bangladesh. This will increase the employee working potentiality in foreign
field.
As a Union we demand for Insurance Policy ensuring life risk in foreign workplace.
Many workers lost their lives in abroad due to workplace accident and occupational
diseases. Workers go to the abroad for earning money for their families by taking them
life risks. A total of 3154 dead bodies of migrant workers arrive from different countries
between January and November 2017 in Bangladesh. 33,112 Bangladeshi workers lost
their lives at oversee workplaces in last 13 years. Workers working in the extreme
working condition do not even have the life insurance which will ensure the money for
his/her family if he/she dies in workplace. So that we demand for proper insurance
policy to be ensured for workers before they leave the country as well as government
need to ensure that the employer also maintain the life insurance of workers.
RECOMMANDATION AND IMPLIMENTATION
1.
a) What is the problem?
Most of the Foreign Countries do not wants to hire unskilled labor because the countries face
many problems
because of unskilled labor.
b) What is the solution?
The Government needs to give proper training before sending them foreign countries.
c)How to solve the problem?
Language Training, they need to skilled in the sectors they are going to work and They needs
to know about the
country properly where they are going to work.
d)Who will solve?
Only if the two ministers work together then they can solve this problem.
e) Where to implement?
This needs to be implemented in Bangladesh it means the workers must be trained in
Bangladesh.
f) When to implement?
As soon as possible, Government need to act.
 2
A) What is the problem:
Presently there is many illegal Bangladeshi workers in many countries.
B) What is the Solution:
Bangladesh foreign ministers must find those workers and make them legal workers on that
country.
c)How to solve the problem?
By dealing with that country Bangladesh Government can solve this problem.
d)Who will solve this:
Bangladesh Foreign minister and Bangladesh labor minister by dealing with that country
foreign minister and labor minister.
e) Where to implement:
It has to be implemented where illegal workers are working.
f) Who will Implement:
By order of Bangladesh government Bangladesh Foreign minister will deal this

3.
a) What is the problem?
Bangladeshi Workers Losing, ‘Freedom of Movement’ in Foreign Workplace like, workers
with proper documents are also subjected to various forms of violations by the employers,
who withhold their passports. This sometimes leads to arrest, detention, and deportation of
the migrants.
b) What is the Solution?
The other countries Employees are breaking the laws by doing this so Bangladesh labor
minister and foreign minister needs to see these things.
c)How to solve the problem?
By taking proper action, Bangladesh can solve this problem, that employee who harassing
Bangladesh employee is breaking the law.
d)Who will solve this? By the order of Bangladesh government Both Bangladesh minister
will solve this problem.
e) Where to implement? In every country where these harassments is happening.
f) When to implement? They need to implement as soon as it happened
 4.
a) What is the problem?
The migration cost goes up, but wages are not going up. It took too much money to migration
but in return the salary is very low
B) what is the solution?
-Both ministers must negotiate with other foreign countries properly, so the wages go up.
c)How to solve the problem?
•Workers must know what he or she deserve, most of the time this thing happened because
the worker how to deal with foreign country, Train them make them skilled worker.
d)Who will solve it
Foreign minister will negotiate with those countries who are giving less wages and worker
has to deal with this thing also.
e) Where to implement -This has to be implemented in foreign countries who giving low
wages.
f) When to Implement-This will be excessively big process but must be implement as soon as
possible

5.
a) What is the problem?
The workers are going abroad in good health but returning home half death. It means they
are getting torture like, not getting salaries on right time, not getting proper water and power
supply.
b) What is the Solution?
Both Ministers must see this thing as a serious issue and take proper action where these
things happening.
c)How to solve the problem?
By getting more strong law this problem can be solved, both country foreign minister will
deal with this.
d)Who will solve it?
Bangladesh Foreign minister and the other country foreign minister will solve this
e) Where to implement?
This will be implemented the countries where Bangladesh workers are facing problems
f) When to implement?
They should implement this as soon as possible.
6.
a) What is the problem:
Thousands of Bangladeshi migrant women who travelled to the Saudi kingdom in search of
work now want to return to the country of origin because of continuing harassment they
suffer. Many of them have already returned and denounced the slave-like working conditions
to which they were subjected by day as maids in the house, and that at night they were forced
to satisfy the sexual desires of male employers and employees.
b) What is the Solution:
Bangladesh Government duties is to protect those workers and stop this action by taking
proper action.
c)How to solve the problem?
By order of government Bangladesh embassy can handle this problem and take action.
d)Who will solve this:
Bangladesh Foreign minister and Bangladesh labor minister will give most important in these
things.
e) Where to implement:
It has to be implemented in every country where Bangladesh workers are working
f) Who will Implement:
By order of Bangladesh government Bangladesh Foreign minister will deal this first then that
country Bangladesh embassy will handle this