Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS- VALENZUELA
Pio St., Marulas, Valenzuela City
Philippine Politics
And
Governance
Subject Area: Philippine Politics and Governance
Grade Level: Grade 12
Quarter: First
Week: 13
To the Parents/Guardians:
Learners may require your guidance in following the directions and answering the
questions in all the activities and formative assessment provided in this learning
packet. Please make sure that they answer each part of the activities and formative
assessment.
To the Learner:
This Learning packet contains activities and formative assessment about all the
lesson/topics for the subject “Politics and Governance” for the 11th week of the
current grading period (Final-terms). You may answer directly to this activity sheets
and make sure to follow the directions stated in each part of the activity. Answer all
questions the best that you can and please write eligibly.
Content Standard:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of elections and political parties and civil
society
and social movements.
Performance Standard:
The learners shall be able to analyze the interactions between state and society.
Most Essential Competencies:
Analyze the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines. (HUMSS_PG12-
IIc-d-9)
Day/Lesson
Number/Topi Objectives Materials Activities Assessment
c
Lesson 1 Describe the election Learning Activity 1 Pre
process of the Packets Assessment
Topic: Philippines. Ball pen Post
Elections and Referenc Assessment
Identify the types of
Political election. e book Activity 2
Parties Assess the ANALYSIS
implications of types GUIDE
of election system to Activity 3
the society. SKILL
WORKOUT
Activity 4
1
KNOWLEDGE
CHECKER
Lesson 1: Nature of Elections in the Philippines Day: 1
Pre-Assessment:
ARTICLE V
SUFFRAGE
Section 1. Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines, not
otherwise disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who
shall have resided in the Philippines for at least one year and in the place
wherein they propose to vote, for at least six months immediately preceding
the election. No literacy, property, or other substantive requirement shall be
imposed on the exercise of suffrage.
Directions: True or False. Write True if the statement implies those stated above
under Article 5 of the 1987 Constitution. Write False if not.
______1. Anyone who is 15 years old can vote.
______2. Anna, 18 years old, is living in the Philippines since birth. Hence, she can
vote.
______3. Mang Dodong has no educational background, therefore, he cannot vote.
______4. Amanda is an American citizen and 18 years old, so she can vote in the
Philippine elections.
______5. Criselda has lived in Canada but still a Filipino citizen, therefore she can
vote if she comes back in the Philippines next elections.
Activity 1: WORD CLOUD
Write at least 10 words/terms you think are related to the topic: Electoral
Systems in the Philippines. Few samples are done for you.
politicsConstitution
vote
rights
ballot
2
Answer the following in 2-3 sentences:
1. As a Filipino, which do you think is the most important feature of Article V of
the 1987 Constitution? Why?
Lesson 1: Nature of Elections in the Philippines Day: 2
.
An Overview of the Election Process in the Philippines
Election
Call for nominations. FinalizationTimeframe
of election Review election results and
Filing of Certificate of materials and resources. trends.
Candidacy Build/develop election. Inauguration of elected
Evaluation of nominees' Run test election. officials.
credentials. Open voting period.
Selection of nominees Receive election results.
Nomination
Analysis
Process
COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS (COMELEC)
The enlarged Commission on Elections was designed to cope with its expanded powers and
functions provided for under the constitution and existing laws. COMELEC organizes the
whole election process from day 1 until the inauguration day.
Nomination Process
Elections are known to be the most salient part of democratic governance. An election is a
formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public
office. These elected politicians will be held accountable and will be compelled to introduce
policies that will address the needs of the nation.
Aspiring candidates shall file for their candidacy pursuant to Resolution No.10420 Section
16. Contents and Form of Certificate of Candidacy. - The COC shall be under oath and shall
state:
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a. office aspired for;
b. name of the aspirant;
c. age;
d. gender;
e. civil status;
f. place and date of birth;
g. citizenship, whether natural-born or naturalized;
the duly registered PP or Coalition to which the aspirant belongs, if any;
h. if married, the name of the spouse;
i. complete address for election purposes;
j. legal residence, giving the exact address and the number of years residing in the
Philippines and whenever applicable;
k. the place where the aspirant intends to be elected up to the day before the election;
the barangay, city or municipality and province where the aspirant is a registered
voter or will be a registered voter;
l. profession or occupation or employment;
m. that the aspirant is eligible for said office;
n. that the aspirant is not a permanent resident or an immigrant to a foreign country;
o. that the aspirant has executed a sworn renunciation of foreign citizenship; (if
applicable)
p. that the aspirant will file, with the Commission, within 30 days after Election Day, a
full, true and itemized Statement of Contributions and Expenditures (SOCE) in
connection with the election;
q. that the aspirant will support and defend the Constitution of the Republic of the
Philippines and will maintain true faith and allegiance thereto;
r. that the aspirant will obey the laws, legal orders, decrees, resolutions rules and
regulations promulgated and issued by the duly constituted authorities;
s. that the aspirant assumes the foregoing obligations voluntarily without mental
reservation "purpose of evasion";
t. that the aspirant gives consent to the processing of the information stated herein by
the Commission on Elections for election and other purposes as may be provided by
law, such as B.P. Blg. 881 and R.A. No. 10173 also known as the Data Privacy Act of
2012, among others; and
u. that the facts stated in the certificate are true and correct to the best of the aspirant's
knowledge.
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Unless there was an official change of name through a court-approved proceeding, an
aspirant shall use in the COC: (i) the name registered in the Office of the Local Civil
Registrar; (ii) the name by which such aspirant has been baptized; or (iii) any other name
under the provisions of existing law or in the case of a Muslim, a Hadji name after performing
the prescribed religious pilgrimage. However, when there are two or more aspirants for an
office with the same name and surname, each aspirant, shall need to state a paternal and
maternal surname, except the incumbent who may continue to use the name and surname
stated in the COC when last elected.
An aspirant may include one nickname or stage name by which aspirant is generally or
popularly known in their locality; Provided that, no aspirant shall use the nickname or stage
name of another. Only one nickname or stage name shall be considered.
An aspirant shall also affix a passport-size photograph taken within the last six months, and
may attach a bio-data and program of government not exceeding 100 words.
Election Timeframe
OMNIBUS ELECTION CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Article 1 Sec. 3. Election and
campaign periods. – Unless otherwise fixed in special cases by the Commission on
Elections, which hereinafter shall be referred to as the Commission, the election period shall
commence ninety days before the day of the election and shall end thirty days thereafter.
The period of campaign shall be as follows:
Presidential and Vice-Presidential Election – 90 days;
Election of Members of the Batasang Pambansa and Local Election – 45 days; and
Barangay Election – 15 days.
Analysis
Since the 2010 elections, the government has provided machine that will automatically count
the votes casted by the voters. The results are then printed as election returns and and will
be sent electronically to the Municipal Board of canvassers. After these are being finalized,
inauguration of the officials will follow, usually on June 30th for the President, Vice President
and Senators.
Elections in the Philippines have different types:
General Elections: are those held for electing national and local officials simultaneously.
National Elections: conducted to elect the President, Vice President and members of the
Congress.
5
Local Elections: those held for the purpose of selecting officials in the region, provinces,
cities, and municipalities.
Special Elections: those held on a date different from that if regular elections. It is being held
when there is a vacancy due to death or incapacity to fulfill the duties and responsibilities in
the office. Or could be done due to typhoon or any calamities that
could have interfered with the original schedule of election.
Lesson 2: Political Parties Day: 3
Activity 2. Rearrange the underlined jumbled letters. These are names of Political parties
existing in the Philippines. Write your answer on the space provided. You may browse the
internet to check.
PARTIDO OKITARKODME PILIPINO-LAKAS NG BAYAN-
ATLISANOICAN PARTY-
PARTIDO EBLARIL PARTY-
ANAYABKAM PARTY-
ANAYB UMNA PARTY-
Political Parties
The Philippine Omnibus Election Code of 1985 states that a political party is an
“organized group of persons pursuing the same ideology, political ideas or platforms
of government.” Eventhough most of the parties established in the Philippines are
founded by the elite, some have attempted to organize support from a broader
segment of the population or to institutionalize discourse justifying the maldistribution
of economic and political power. Parties offer stable membership, regularized
patterns of interaction within and between parties, and characteristic forms of
ideological or political self-definition.
Activity 3: Analysis
Philippine political parties are essentially nonideological vehicles for personal and factional
political ambition. The party system in the early 1990s closely resembled that of the pre-
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martial law years when the Nacionalista and Liberal parties alternated in power. Although
they lacked coherent political programs, they generally championed conservative social
positions and avoided taking any position that might divide the electorate. Each party tried to
appeal to all regions, all ethnic groups, and all social classes and fostered national unity by
never championing one group or region. Neither party had any way to enforce party
discipline, so politicians switched capriciously back and forth. The parties were essentially
pyramiding of patron client relationships stretching from the remotest villages to Manila.
They existed to satisfy particular demands, not to promote general programs. Because
nearly all senators and representatives were provincial aristocrats, the parties never tackled
the fundamental national problem--the vastly inequitable distribution of land, power, and
wealth.
Source: http://countrystudies.us/philippines/85.htm
Questions:
Answer the following in 2-3 sentences. You may use another sheet of paper.
1. Do you think it is necessary to have political parties? Why or why not?
2. Do you agree that political parties are only for the elites? Why or why not?
Lesson 2: Political Parties Day: 4
Activity 4: KNOWLEDGE CHECKER
Write a short background of a political party that you know of. Give reasons why you oppose
or agree with their advocacies.
______________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Post Assessment:
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Filing for candidacy is part of _______ process.
a. Analysis b. nomination c. election
2. Which article of the 1987 Constitution states about “suffrage”?
a. 6 b.4 c.5
3. A type of elections were President, Vice-President and Senators are being
nominated and elected.
a. General b. special c. national
4. A type of election being held due to unexpected death or incapacity of the current
official in the office.
a. Special b. general c. local
5. An agency of the government responsible for the organization of elections.
a. COMELEC b. DOH c. PNP
WEEKLY HOME LEARNING TASK
Grade 12
Week: ____13____ Quarter:___Second_____
Day and Time Learning Competency Learning Task
Analyze the nature of elections and a. Reflection Chart
b. Freewriting Activity
political parties in the Philippines.
(HUMSS_PG12-IIc-d-9)
Activity 1: REFLECTION CHART
Fill in the chart with your insights for every lesson discussed.
DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4
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Activity 2: FREEWRITING
What do you think does the image try to imply? Write in 2-3 sentences.
Reference/s:
Chan Robles Virtual Law Library (n.d). Election laws of the Philippines. Retrieved from
https://www.chanrobles.com/electioncodeofthephilippines.htm#.X39oIWhKgpt
Collins Dictionary (n.d). Election.Retrieved from
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/election
Commission on Elections (n.d). Resolution no.10420. Retrieved from
https://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=2019NLE/Resolutions/res10420
Senate Electoral Tribunal (n.d). Batas pambasa billang 881. Retrieved from
https://www.set.gov.ph/resources/election-law/batas-pambansa-bilang-881/
Images:
https://www.google.com/search?
q=election+process+of+the+philippines&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjdg
O_qyq7sAhXLBogKHZzuAAMQ_AUoAnoECBwQBA&biw=1280&bih=802#imgrc=q8xbJ
coyNzgM4M
https://www.google.com/search?
q=vote+ballot&rlz=1C1AVFC_enPH822PH822&hl=en&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ve
d=2ahUKEwif2pebyK7sAhVxF6YKHVvqDbwQ_AUoAnoECAwQBA&biw=1280&bih=85
0#imgrc=bZ_m8eWaiK7nWM
Prepared by:
ARLENE F. ALMAZAN
Master Teacher I
Valenzuela National High School
Senior High School Department
